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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Morigaon}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Morigaon district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| image_skyline = One Horned Rhino Assam.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = One of the famous residents of [[Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary]]
| image_flag =
| flag_alt =
| image_seal =
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
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| nickname =
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| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Morigaon district'''
|type=shape |id=Q42737
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Morigaon district of Assam
|type2=line|id2=Q1164|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Assam
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| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Assam
| coordinates =
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Assam|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Central Assam Division|Central Assam]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Morigaon]]
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name = [[Nowgong (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nowgong]]
| leader_title1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Jagiroad (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jagiroad]], [[Marigaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Marigaon]], [[Laharighat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Laharighat]]
| leader_title2 =
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| unit_pref = Metric


| area_footnotes =
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| area_total_km2 = 1,704
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| dunam_link = 
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| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 957,423
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_note =
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 69.37%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 974
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| timezone1_DST =
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| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| website = {{URL|http://morigaon.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Morigaon district''' (Pron:mʌrɪˈgãʊ) is an administrative [[districts of Assam|district]] in the state of [[Assam]] in [[India]]. The district headquarters is located at [[Morigaon]]. The ancient place of occult [[Mayong (Assam)|Mayong]] is located in this district as well as [[Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary]].

==History==
The history of Morigaon is obscure. One famous traditional ruler of the region was Arimatta whose history is shrouded in mystery. After Arimattas's death, Jongal Balahu (A Great Tiwa King), his son ruled over the region. Jongal Balahu was ultimately killed by the ''Kacharis'' with a bamboo spear near Kajalimukh.

The legend further goes on to say that Jongal Balahu to escape his pursuers, submerged himself in Kollong river and emerge at Raha to quench his thirst and again dived here to emerge at Jagi. From this incident were derived the names of present-day Raha and Jagi.

The writing of Bhim Singh throws some light on the history of present Morigaon town and its adjoining areas. This region was ruled independently by six rulers. During this time two princes from Darrang, Supradhvaj and Makardhvaj, fled from their homeland due to internal clash, by crossing the mighty Brahmaputra and they settled at Bahakajari. Later on, Supradhvaj married the daughter of Mangal Singh, the King of Baghara. Supradhvaj was then made the seventh king of the region, having an independent kingdom of his own.

During the days of Lachit Borphukan, another two princes from Darrang, Ram Singh and Bhim Singh crossed the Brahmaputra in search of plain lands. After Bhim Singh settled down, meanwhile, Ram Singh left for his home. Bhim Singh was not liked by the local people, hence, he left Brahmaputra and settled down near Mori Beel. This place came to known as Morigaon.<ref>{{cite web |title=District Profile |url=https://morigaon.gov.in/frontimpotentdata/district-profile |website=morigaon.gov.in |access-date=26 January 2020}}</ref>

Morigaon became a fully-fledged district on 29 September 1989, when it was split from [[Nagaon district]].<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 11 October 2011 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 25 September 2011 | work = Statoids}}</ref>

==Geography==
Morigaon district occupies an area of {{convert|1704|km2|sqmi}},<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Assam: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1116 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Samoa]]'s [[Savai'i]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 11 October 2011 | date = 18 February 1998 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Savai'i 1,708}}</ref> The district is bounded by the mighty Brahmaputra on the North, Karbi Anglong district on the South, Nagaon District on the East and Kamrup District on the West. The greater part of the district is an alluvial plain, criss-crossed with numerous rivers and water ways and dotted with many beels and marshes. The mighty Brahmaputra flows along with the northern boundary of the district.

Killing, [[Kolong River|Kolong]] and [[Kopili River|Kopili]] rivers flow through the southern part of the district. The Killing meets the Kopili at the Matiparbat where from Kopili moves westward. The Kolong joins Kopili at the Jagi Dui Khuti Mukh and from here they jointly fall into the Brahmaputra. The general appearance of the district is extremely picturesque. On a clear day in the winter the view to the north is bounded by the blue ranges of the outer Himalayas, behind which snowy peaks glisten brightly in the sun, while to the west and the south of the district lie range upon range of lower hills, whose sides are covered with luxuriant vegetation of the tropical forest.

==Economy==
In 2006, the Indian government named Morigaon one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the eleven districts in Assam currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==Administration==
===Divisions===
There are three [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] constituencies in this district: Jagiroad, Morigaon, and Laharighat.<ref name="ceo1">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Revenue & Election District wise break - up|url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website|access-date=26 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074811/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref> Jagiroad is designated for [[Scheduled Castes]]. All three are in the [[Nowgong (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nowgong Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="ceo2">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Parliamentary Constituencies wise break - up|url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website|access-date=26 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074903/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref>

==Demographics==

===Population===
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=65,638|13=1911|14=76,034|15=1921|16=1,00,319|17=1931|18=1,41,801|19=1941|20=1,63,602|21=1951|22=2,23,561|23=1961|24=3,08,260|25=1971|26=4,23,901|27=1991|28=6,39,682|29=2001|30=7,76,256|31=2011|32=9,57,423|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Morigaon district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 957,853,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Fiji]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Fiji 883,125 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Montana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Montana 989,415
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 455th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 618 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 23.39%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Morigaon has a [[sex ratio]] of 974 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 69.37%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Males and females constitute 485,328 and 472,525 respectively. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 12.30% and 14.29% of the population respectively.

In the previous census of India 2001, Morigaon District recorded increase of 21.35 percent to its population compared to 1991.

With regards to Sex Ratio in Morigaon, it stood at 974 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 946. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate.

In census enumeration, data regarding child under 0-6 age were also collected for all districts including Morigaon. There were total 159,088 children under age of 0-6 against 148,765 of 2001 census. Of total 159,088 male and female were 81,567 and 77,521 respectively. Child Sex Ratio as per census 2011 was 950 compared to 966 of census 2001. In 2011, Children under 0-6 formed 16.61 percent of Morigaon District compared to 19.16 percent of 2001. There was net change of -2.55 percent in this compared to previous census of India.

Morigaon district population constituted 3.07 percent of total Assam population. In 2001 census, this figure for Morigaon District was at 3.07 percent of Assam population.

===Religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Morigaon District<ref name=districtcensus/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Assam|Islam]]|#008000|52.56}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Assam|Hinduism]]|darkorange|47.20}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.24}}
}}
[[Islam]] is the religion of the majority community at 52.56% (503,257) according the 2011 Census, followed by Hinduism at (451,882) 47.2%.<ref name="religion">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW18C-01%20MDDS.XLS |title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=5 November 2019}}</ref>

===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages spoken in Morigaon district (2011)<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Morigaon |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=16 August 2020}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value1 = 73.02 |color1 = gold
|label2 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value2 = 22.18 |color2 = saddlebrown
|label3 = [[Hindi]] |value3 = 1.41 |color3 = orange
|label4 = [[Bodo_language_(India)|Bodo]] |value4 = 1.21 |color4 = royalblue
|label5 = others |value5 = 2.18 |color5 = grey
}}
According to the 2011 census, 73.02% of the population speaks [[Assamese language|Assamese]], followed by 22.18% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 1.41% [[Hindi]] and 1.21% [[Boro language (India)|Bodo]] speakers. 2.18% of the population speak other languages like [[Tiwa language (India)|Tiwa]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]], etc.<ref name="censuslang"/>

===Literacy===
Average literacy rate of Morigaon in 2011 were 69.37 compared to 58.53 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 73.66 and 64.99 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 65.15 and 51.51 in Morigaon District. Total literate in Morigaon District were 554,143 of which male and female were 297,422 and 256,721 respectively. In 2001, Morigaon District had 5,312,396 in its total region.

==Flora and fauna==

===Forests===
There are three Reserved Forest constituted under Assam Forest Regulation Act, 1891. These are Sunaikuchi, Khulahat, and [[Bura Mayong]]. There is also one wildlife Sanctuary, named [[Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary]], located in [[Mayong (Assam)|Mayong]] which is famous for the Indian one horned Rhinoceros.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://morigaon.gov.in/ District Administration website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Morigaon district
|North = [[Darrang district]]
|Northeast = [[Sonitpur district]]
|East = [[Nagaon district]]
|Southeast = [[Karbi Anglong district]]
|South = [[Ri-Bhoi district]], [[Meghalaya]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Kamrup district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Assam}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}

{{coord|26|15|00|N|92|20|24|E|region:IN-AS_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Morigaon district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Assam]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:1989 establishments in Assam]]

Morigaon district - Revision history

150.129.101.74: robot: Import article using Special:Import