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	'''Moozhikulam Kacham''' (also romanised as '''Mulikkulam Kaccam''') was a medieval code of law followed in the [[Chera/Perumals of Makotai\|Chera Perumal kingdom]], south India predominantly in regard to sustaining the authority of the landowners and temple trustees.'''<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Ganesh\|first=K. N.\|date=2016\|title=Ownership and Control of Land in Medieval Kerala\|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001946469102800304\|journal=The Indian Economic & Social History Review\|language=en\|volume=\|pages=\|doi=10.1177/001946469102800304\|s2cid=145351780\|via=}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite book\|last=Narayanan\|first=M. G. S.\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YDCngEACAAJ\|title=Perumals of Kerala~~: Brahmin Oligarchy and Ritual Monarchy~~\|publisher=CosmoBooks\|year=2013\|isbn=9788188765072\|location=Thrissur (Kerala)\|pages=214–16\|chapter=\|orig-year=1972}}</ref>''' The code was first formulated in the [[Moozhikkulam\|Moozhikulam]] [[Brahmin]] settlement of central [[Kerala]] with royal sanction. The head of the [[Thirumoozhikkulam Lakshmana Perumal Temple\|Moozhikulam Temple]] was a member of the Chera Perumal king's permanent council at [[Kodungallur]].'''<ref name=":6" />''' The original code has not yet been recovered.'''<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Gurukkal\|first=Rajan\|date=1979\|title=Some Aspects of Early Medieval Brahman Village Legal Codes of Kerala\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44141954\|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress\|volume=40\|pages=150–158\|jstor=44141954\|issn=2249-1937\|via=}}</ref>'''		'''Moozhikulam Kacham''' (also romanised as '''Mulikkulam Kaccam''') was a medieval code of law followed in the [[Chera/Perumals of Makotai\|Chera Perumal kingdom]], south India predominantly in regard to sustaining the authority of the landowners and temple trustees.'''<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Ganesh\|first=K. N.\|date=2016\|title=Ownership and Control of Land in Medieval Kerala\|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001946469102800304\|journal=The Indian Economic & Social History Review\|language=en\|volume=\|pages=\|doi=10.1177/001946469102800304\|s2cid=145351780\|via=}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite book\|last=Narayanan\|first=M. G. S.\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YDCngEACAAJ\|title=Perumals of Kerala\|publisher=CosmoBooks\|year=2013\|isbn=9788188765072\|location=Thrissur (Kerala)\|pages=214–16\|chapter=\|orig-year=1972}}</ref>''' The code was first formulated in the [[Moozhikkulam\|Moozhikulam]] [[Brahmin]] settlement of central [[Kerala]] with royal (Chera) sanction. The head of the [[Thirumoozhikkulam Lakshmana Perumal Temple\|Moozhikulam Temple]] was a member of the Chera Perumal king's permanent council at [[Kodungallur]].'''<ref name=":6" />''' The original code has not yet been recovered.'''<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Gurukkal\|first=Rajan\|date=1979\|title=Some Aspects of Early Medieval Brahman Village Legal Codes of Kerala\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44141954\|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress\|volume=40\|pages=150–158\|jstor=44141954\|issn=2249-1937\|via=}}</ref>'''

	The code, in general, describes the punishments for committing crimes related to temple properties and rituals, like		The code, in general, describes the punishments for committing crimes related to temple properties and rituals, like

>Citation bot: Alter: url, isbn. URLs might have been internationalized/anonymized. Add: jstor, s2cid. Upgrade ISBN10 to ISBN13. | You can use this bot yourself. Report bugs here. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | All pages linked from cached copy of User:AManWithNoPlan/sandbox3 | via #UCB_webform_linked 5427/12482

2021-02-15T03:04:43Z

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{{Infobox legislation
| short_title = Moozhikulam Kacham
| legislature =
| image = File:Thirumoozhikulam1.jpg
| caption = [[Thirumoozhikkulam Lakshmana Perumal Temple|Moozhikulam Temple]]
| territorial_extent = [[Chera Perumal Kingdom]]
| citation =
| enacted_by =
| date_enacted =
| enacted_by2 =
| date_enacted2 =
| date_assented =
| date_commenced =
| bill =
| bill_citation =
| bill_date =
| introduced_by =
| 1st_reading =
| 2nd_reading =
| 3rd_reading =
| white_paper =
| committee_report =
| amendments =
| repeals =
| related =
| summary =
| keywords =
| status =
}}

'''Moozhikulam Kacham''' (also romanised as '''Mulikkulam Kaccam''') was a medieval code of law followed in the [[Chera/Perumals of Makotai|Chera Perumal kingdom]], south India predominantly in regard to sustaining the authority of the landowners and temple trustees.'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ganesh|first=K. N.|date=2016|title=Ownership and Control of Land in Medieval Kerala|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001946469102800304|journal=The Indian Economic & Social History Review|language=en|volume=|pages=|doi=10.1177/001946469102800304|s2cid=145351780|via=}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Narayanan|first=M. G. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YDCngEACAAJ|title=Perumals of Kerala: Brahmin Oligarchy and Ritual Monarchy|publisher=CosmoBooks|year=2013|isbn=9788188765072|location=Thrissur (Kerala)|pages=214–16|chapter=|orig-year=1972}}</ref>''' The code was first formulated in the [[Moozhikkulam|Moozhikulam]] [[Brahmin]] settlement of central [[Kerala]] with royal sanction. The head of the [[Thirumoozhikkulam Lakshmana Perumal Temple|Moozhikulam Temple]] was a member of the Chera Perumal king's permanent council at [[Kodungallur]].'''<ref name=":6" />''' The original code has not yet been recovered.'''<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gurukkal|first=Rajan|date=1979|title=Some Aspects of Early Medieval Brahman Village Legal Codes of Kerala|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44141954|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=40|pages=150–158|jstor=44141954|issn=2249-1937|via=}}</ref>'''

The code, in general, describes the punishments for committing crimes related to temple properties and rituals, like

* Appropriating temple land illegally'''<ref name=":6" />'''
* Obstructing or plundering the cultivation of the lands assigned to the routine expenditure of the temple'''<ref name=":6" />'''
* Default in temple expenditure'''<ref name=":6" />'''

And the common punishments were confiscation of the rights and properties and excommunication.'''<ref name=":6" />'''

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Hindu law]]
[[Category:Contract law]]
[[Category:Codes of conduct]]

{{India-law-stub}}

Moozhikulam Kacham - Revision history

UpdateBot at 05:22, 9 January 2022