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{{Multiple issues|
{{original research|date=August 2019}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2020}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Moodabidri
| native_name = Bedra
| native_name_lang = Bedra (Tulu)
| other_name =
| nickname = Jain Kashi of the South, <br />Pensioner's Paradise
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Thousand Piller Temple, Moodbidri.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Saavira Kambada Basadi]] Jain temple at Moodabidri
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12.9101|N|75.003|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dakshina Kannada]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = Moodabidri
| subdivision_type4 = Region
| subdivision_name4 = [[Tulu Nadu]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| government_type = Town Municipal
| governing_body = Municipal Council
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 39.62
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 147
| population_total = 29,431
| population_as_of = 2011<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.moodbidritown.gov.in/|title=Home | ಮೂಡುಬಿದಿರೆ ಪುರಸಭೆ|date=14 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014010555/http://www.moodbidritown.gov.in/|archive-date=14 October 2007}}</ref>
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 574227
| registration_plate = KA 19
| blank1_name_sec1 = Distance from Mangalore city
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{convert|34|km|mi}}
| website = {{URL|moodbidritown.mrc.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Moodabidri''' ''Mūḍubidire''; also called '''Mudbidri''', '''Moodbidre''' and '''Bedra'''), is a town and [[taluk]] in [[Dakshina Kannada]] district. It lies 34 km northeast of the district headquarters, [[Mangalore]], in [[Karnataka]], India.<ref name="mang">{{cite web|url=http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Mangalore-to-Moodbidri-Bus-Stand-Moodabidri/DistanceHistory/340981.aspx|access-date=11 June 2015|title= Distance from Mangalore to Moodabidri|publisher= DistancesFrom.com}}</ref>

Because of widely grown [[bamboo]] in ancient days, this place was named as ''Moodabidri''. ''Moodabidri'' comes from two Tulu words, ''mūḍu'' "east" and ''bidiru'' "bamboo".<ref name="welcome-dk">{{cite web|url=http://www.dk.nic.in/other/dkdoc.pdf|access-date=11 June 2015|title=Welcome to Dakshina Kannada|publisher=dk.nic.in|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612000526/http://www.dk.nic.in/other/dkdoc.pdf|archive-date=12 June 2015}}</ref>

Its average elevation is {{convert|147|m}}.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}

==Demographics==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Moodabidri (2011)
|label1 = [[Hinduism]]
|value1 = 65.12
|color1 = Orange
|label2 = [[Islam]]
|value2 = 21.73
|color2 = Green
|label3 = [[Christianity]]
|value3 = 9.69
|color3 = DodgerBlue
|label4 = [[Jainism]]
|value4 = 3.37
|color4 = Red
|label5 = [[Sikhism]]
|value5 = 0.01
|color5 = DarkKhaki
|label6 = [[Buddhism]]
|value6 = 0.01
|color6 = Yellow
|label7 = Other or Not stated
|value7 = 0.06
|color7 = Black
}}

{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Moodabidri had a population of 25,710. Males constitute 48% of the population and females 52%. Moodabidri has an average literacy rate of 88.57%, Male literacy is 93.13%, and female literacy is 84.13%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/252-dakshina-kannada.html|title= Dakshina Kannada District : Census 2011 data|access-date=11 June 2015|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref>

Moodabidri basically contains two villages: Pranthya and Marnad. Moodabidri is also called as "[[Jainism|Jaina]] Kashi of the South".<ref name="welcome-dk"/><ref>{{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jXhb38DquzUC|title=Documentation Update: October 2004 to March 2005|publisher=EQUATIONS|page=29}}</ref>

== Location ==
Moodabidri is on National Highway 169 (old NH 13). It is accessible from [[Mangalore|Mangalore city]] (34 km away) by road.<ref name="mang"/> [[Mangalore International Airport]] is 23 km away from Moodabidri.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.distancebetweencalculator.in/karnataka/distance-between-bajpe-to-moodabidri/NDA3Mzg2|access-date=11 June 2015|title=Distance between Bajpe and Moodabidri|publisher=DistancesBetweenCalculator.in|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612130024/http://www.distancebetweencalculator.in/karnataka/distance-between-bajpe-to-moodabidri/NDA3Mzg2|archive-date=12 June 2015}}</ref>

It is 54 km from [[Udupi]] and 18 km from [[Karkala]]. Other nearby places are [[Venur]] (20 km), [[Belthangady]] (37 km), [[Kudremukh]] (66 km), [[Agumbe]] (68 km), [[Puttur, Karnataka|Puttur]] (54 km) [[Siddakatte]] (12 km) and [[Mijar]] (5 km)

== Religion and culture ==
{{See also|Saavira Kambada Basadi|Guru Basadi}}
[[file:National-Archaeological-Monument-Jain-Tomb-Monument-Moodbidri.jpg|thumb|Jain Bhattaraka Samadhis]]

[[Jainism]] was and still is strongly practised in Moodabidri. The Thousand Pillars Temple ([[Saavira Kambada Basadi]]) is a holy shrine for Jains across the country. It also has Guru Basadi which houses the treasured [[Dhavala]] text. There are other Basadis: Ammanvara Basadi and Leppada Basadi. There are several Jain temples in Moodbidri.

There are a number of Hindu temples in Moodbidri as well. Hanuman temple of Moodbidri is one of the area's Hanuman temples . Here the devotees offer tender coconut as offering to the God. On Saturdays an average of about four to five thousand tender coconuts are offered to Lord Hanuman.

Shri Venkataramana temple is a rock built temple and is known for the celebration of Karthika Deepotsava, holy Keredeepotsava, Sharada Mahotsava, and other functions. There are carved Dashavatar statues in the other veranda.

A sizable number practice Roman Catholicism in Moodbidri. There are around 14 churches in and around Moodbidri Varado. Among them, is the 16th century old Portuguese-built church Igreja da Santa Cruz Hospet or [[Hospet Church]].

== Tradition and festivals ==
[[File:Gurubasati front view,.JPG|thumb|Guru basadi, built in 714 AD]]
[[File:Yakshagana Veerabhadra Thenkuthittu.JPG|thumb|Typical Thenkuthittu Yakshagana artist]]

=== Hulivesha ===
[[Hulivesha]] (Tiger dance) is a unique form of folk dance in [[Dakshina Kannada]]. Since tiger is considered as the favored carrier of Goddess Sharada (the deity in whose honor Dussera is celebrated), this dance is performed during the Dussera celebration. It is also performed during other festivals like Krishna Janmasthami and Ganesh Chathurthi. Moodbidri is famous for Hulivesha performed on Ganesha Chathurthi just as Mangalore is famous for Dashera Hulivesha and Udupi for Janmashtami Hulivesha.one of the culture of magalore, performers are well trained and dedication is to high {{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

=== Navaraatri ===
During Navaraatri, the idol of Sharada Maathe is kept at Shri Lakshmi Venkateshwara Temple, Ponnechari, Moodabidri, by Saarvajanika Samithi and celebrated for two days very grandly. The Sharada Maathe idol is kept at the Venkataramana Temple Moodabidri and here it is celebrated for three days.

=== Maari Pooja or Rashi Pooja ===
There are five Maari Gudi Temples in Moodbidri. Old Maari Gudi at Swaraj Maidan, Maari Gudi at Swaraj Maidan, Maari Gudi at Mahaveera College, Maari Gudi at Kotabagilu and maari Gudi at kallabettu.

===Bhoota Kola===
[[Buta Kola|Bhoota Kola]] or spirit worship is practised here. Bhoota Kola is usually done at night. Most of the temples have Bhoota Kola on their annual festival.

=== Kambala ===
[[Kambala]] or buffalo race is conducted in water-filled paddy fields. The Rani Abbakka Kambala Stadium is constructed at Kadala Kere Nisarga Dhama. Every year Kambla is organised here for two days.
Mijar Jodu Kambla is another happening event, to see.

===Korikatta===
Korikatta (cockfight) is another favourite sport for village people on the annual festival of the temples.
To its supporters, [[Cockfight (Sacred)|cockfight]], an ancient sport involving a fight between specially reared fowls held at the temples precincts in northern parts of [[Kasaragod]], is not a blood sport but a feature of the rich cultural heritage of [[Tulunadu]] and an ancient [[ritual]] associated with the ‘daivasthanams’ (temples) here.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Police-move-against-cockfight-faces-opposition/article15140664.ece | newspaper=The Hindu | title= Police move against cockfight faces opposition | date=10 January 2008| access-date=13 December 2018 }}</ref>

===Nagaradhane===
[[Nagaradhane]] or snake worship is practised according to the popular belief of the Naga Devatha to go underground and guard the species which lived on top.

===Dindu / Karthik Poornima (Lakshadeepotsava)===
Konkani-speaking [[Goud Saraswat Brahmin|GSBs]] have their own tradition of celebrating Lakshadeepotsava (Dindu) five-day festival starting from Uthana Dwadashi (Tulasi Pooja Day – the day on which four-month chaturmasa of Lord will end and Lord will come out of the temple for the first time in past four months. This day denotes start of Utsava (Pete Savari) of lord for the year). Out of five days last three days being Keredeepotsava (Chaturdashi) Lakshyadeepotsava (on full moon day of Kartika month in Kannada Kartika Hunnime or Karthik Poornima or Karthi-Punnav) and last day Okali (Holi) attract many people to the temple.

===Muslims Eid-al-Fitr===
[[Muslims (nationality)|Muslims]] Eid-al-Fitr (end of Ramadan)
Eid-al-Adha,
Day of Ashura / Muharram,
Milad un Nabi
Muslims celebrate Uroos in the Dargas every year.

===Rathotsava===
[[Jainism in India|Jains]] have their Jain Milans yearly. All Jaina Basadi celebrated Ratotsava very grandly. Each goes for seven days.

===Santhmari===
It is the annual festival Celebrated by [[Christians]] at all the churches honouring and thanking the patrons of the particular church.

===Nudisiri===
Alvas Foundation used to organise annual literary and cultural meets called Alvas Nudisiri and Alvas Viarasat every year.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alva's Nudisiri-Virasat postponed |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/mangaluru/alvas-nudisiri-virasat-postponed-757706.html |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref> In the year 2019 it was not conducted owing to floods at various places of Karnataka State.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alva's Nudisiri-Virasat postponed |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/alvas-nudisiri-virasat-postponed/article29282851.ece |work=The Hindu |date=29 August 2019 |access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref>

==Education==
Alva's Education Foundation is also known to hold events which attracts participants from all-over Karnataka, it has held annual fest in the form of Alvas Virasath<ref name="NewsKarnataka">{{cite web|url=https://www.newskarnataka.com/index.php|title=Karnataka News: Bangalore, Mangalore, Mysore, Local News Online|last=NewsKarnataka|date=21 April 2019|website=NewsKarnataka}}</ref> (College Fest) & Alvas Nudisiri<ref name="NewsKarnataka"/> (Event for enrichment of Kannada Language).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alvas.org/|title=Alva's Education Foundation | Moulding a better tomorrow}}</ref>

==History==
Moodabidri was ruled by the Jain [[Chowta dynasty (Tulu Nadu)|Chowta dynasty]] 1603, who moved their capital to Moodabidri in 1603. They lost power when the region was taken over by Tipu Sultan<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MehF3uSdHxgC&q=Arasu+jain&pg=PA66|title=On an Auspicious Day, at Dawn -: Studies in Tulu Culture and Oral Literature|first=Heidrun|last=Brückner|date=21 April 2019|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|isbn=9783447059169|via=Google Books}}</ref> They continued symbolic rituals after the British defeated Tipu Sultan. The last coronation at Moodabidri was done in 1865 according to a pattavali.

There are 18 lakes,{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} 18 Jaina Basadis, 18 temples, and 18 roads connecting various villages in Moodbidri.

During 14th–16th centuries this town emerged as a center of [[Jain]] religion, culture, art and architecture. 18 Jain temples, known as [[Basadi]]s, were constructed during this period. The Jain Math at Moodabidri is headed by a [[Bhattaraka]] belonging to the [[Mula Sangh]] order.

The most famous among them are Guru basadi, Tribhuvana Tilaka Chudamani Basadi (known as "Thousand Pillar Temple") and Ammanavara Basadi.

*'''Guru basadi''' is the earliest of the Jain monuments. A stone idol of Parshwanatha, about 3.5 metres tall, is installed in the sanctum of this basadi. Here the rare Jain palm leaf manuscripts of 12th century A.D. known as ‘[[Dhavala]] texts’ are preserved.
*'''[[Saavira Kambada Basadi]]''' basadi is the largest and the most ornate of the Jain temples of this region. People also call this temple Thousand Pillared Temple or Tribhuvana Tilaka Chudamani. This is a large granite temple built in 1430 A.D. The 2.5 metres tall bronze image of Lord Chandranatha Swami in the sanctum of this basadi is considered to be very sacred. This three-storey construction was supported by the rulers, the Jain [[Bhattaraka]] Swamiji, merchants and the common people. The temple has an open pillared hall in front, consisting of a large variety of ornate pillars decorated with carvings typical of [[Vijayanagara]] style. A 15-meter tall single stone pillar called [[manastambha]] stands in front of the basadi.
*'''[[Ratnakaravarni|Ratnakara Varni]]''', the medieval Kannada author of Bharatesha Vaibhava belonged to this place. The Jain canonical texts known as Dhavala texts and also a number of palm leaf manuscripts of historical and literacy value are preserved in the Jain Math (monastery).

Moodabidri was the seat of the [[Chowta]]s, a Jain ruling family, who were originally located at Puthige, about 5 km from here. They moved their capital to Moodabidri in the 17th century. The remains of the 17th century Chowta Palace is known for its carved wooden pillars and ceilings.

*'''Gowri Temple''' in the heart of the city is said to have been built in the seventh century.
*'''Hanuman Temple''' in the heart of the city is the most famous temple around Moodbidri.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}} People from many religions including Hindus, Muslims, and Christians offer prayers to the Lord Hanuman.

==Sports==
Yearly and monthly sports activities are held Swaraj Maidhan and SMC ground.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} State level and national sports meets are held here. Cricket, volleyball, [[badminton]] and different types of matches are played. Many flood light cricket and volleyball matches are held here. Alva's Education Foundation has hosted many state and national level sports meets here.

==Industries==
Small-scale industries employ many people. Many cashew industries are here.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} Kadale Kere is the industrial area where many small-scale industries are situated.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}

==Transport facilities==
===Long distance travel and local transport===

The local and long-distance transport includes the buses which ply regularly. Shuttle and express buses to Mangalore, Udupi, Karkala, Hebri, Shimoga, Kudremukh, Sringeri, Dharmastala, Bantwal, Belthangady, Naravi, [[Kinnigoli]] and Mulki run every five to ten minutes.

There are government buses to distant places like Bangalore, Mysore, Hubli, Dharwad, Subramanya, Chickmagalur and all the important places of Karnataka. Private buses from Moodabidri are also available to [[Bombay]], [[Goa]] and [[Bangalore]] by established travels like Navami, Nishmitha, Sugama, Vishal, Ideal and Anand.

==Entertainment==
Other entertainment is watching Yakshagana, unique to this district. This includes a drama like play on epics, which lasts a whole night, starting at 9:30 pm and ending at 6 am next day. This is played normally once a week, and only in few months a year.

Some private Tulu drama companies play comedy drama at regular intervals between November and June.

==Notable people==


*[[Srinivasa Gowda]] (born 1991), Kambala jockey

==Climate==
{{Weather box
|location = Moodabidri, India
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|temperature colour = pastel

|Jan high C = 31.2
|Feb high C = 31.4
|Mar high C = 32.4
|Apr high C = 32.8
|May high C = 32.4
|Jun high C = 32.2
|Jul high C = 29.2
|Aug high C = 27.8
|Sep high C = 28.5
|Oct high C = 29.7
|Nov high C = 30.8
|Dec high C = 31.3
|year high C =

|Jan mean C=25.8
|Feb mean C=26.4
|Mar mean C=27.9
|Apr mean C=28.9
|May mean C=28.6
|Jun mean C=26.3
|Jul mean C=25.3
|Aug mean C=25.5
|Sep mean C=25.6
|Oct mean C=26.3
|Nov mean C=26.4
|Dec mean C=26.0
|year mean C=

|Jan low C = 20.5
|Feb low C = 21.5
|Mar low C = 23.4
|Apr low C = 25.1
|May low C = 25.1
|Jun low C = 23.4
|Jul low C = 22.9
|Aug low C = 23.0
|Sep low C = 22.8
|Oct low C = 23.0
|Nov low C = 22.1
|Dec low C = 20.8
|year low C =

|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 1
|Feb rain mm = 0
|Mar rain mm = 5
|Apr rain mm = 46
|May rain mm = 204
|Jun rain mm = 1048
|Jul rain mm = 1511
|Aug rain mm = 933
|Sep rain mm = 422
|Oct rain mm = 260
|Nov rain mm = 80
|Dec rain mm = 20
|year rain mm =

|source = Climate-Data.org - Climate Table of Moodabidri, Karnataka, India<ref name= CDO-M>{{cite web| url = http://en.climate-data.org/location/24095/ | title = Climate Table of Moodabidri, Karnataka, India | access-date =31 January 2015
| publisher = Climate-Data.org}}</ref>
}}

==Photo gallery==
<gallery>
Jain Temple moodabidri.jpg|Jain Temple moodabidri
Mahavir-Jain-Fame-1000-Pillar-Temple- Moodbidri.JPG|Idol of Chandraprabha at Saavira Kambada Basadi
Image:Kallu-Basadi-Moodbidri.JPG|Kallu Basadi, Moodbidri
Image:Koti-Basadi-and-Guru-Basadi-Moodbidri.JPG|Koti Basadi and Guru Basadi, Moodbidri
Image:Leppada-Basadi-Moodbidri.JPG|Leppada Basadi, Moodbidri
Image:Vikram-Setty-Basadi-Moodbidri.JPG| Vikram Setty Basadi, Moodbidri
Gurubasati front view,.JPG|Guru basadi
Image:Nandeeswara-Dweepa-Wall-Painting-In-Jain-Basadi-Moodbidri.JPG|Nandeesware Dweepa painting within a Jain temple, Moodbidri
Image:Kalpavruksha-Wall-Painting-In-Jain-Basadi-Moodbidri.JPG|Kalpavruksha painting within a Jain temple, Moodbidri
</gallery>

== See also ==

* [[Belthangady]]
* [[Dharmasthala]]
* [[Kodangallu]]
* [[Siddakatte]]

== References ==
{{More citations needed|date=September 2008}}
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131219160201/http://alvasvishwanudisirivirasat2013.com/ Alvasvishwanudisirivirasat - 2013]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110531070328/http://nammabedra.com/ Namma Bedra - Moodbidri News portal being published by Jaison Taccode]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071014010555/http://www.moodbidritown.gov.in/ Moodabidri Town Municipal Corporation]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Jain temples in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Dakshina Kannada district]]

Moodabidri - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article