Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanates - Revision history

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[[File:Gateway to Bidar fort.jpg|thumb|Gateway to [[Bidar Fort]]]]
'''Deccani Architecure''' refers to the architectural styles developed during the [[Deccan sultanates|Deccan sultanate period]]. The Deccan sultanates were five dynasties that ruled late [[Medieval India|medieval kingdoms]], namely, [[Bijapur Sultanate|Bijapur]], [[Golconda Sultanate|Golkonda]], [[Ahmadnagar Sultanate|Ahmadnagar]], [[Bidar Sultanate|Bidar]], and [[Berar Sultanate|Berar]] in [[South India|south]]-[[Western India|western]] [[India]]. The Deccan sultanates were located on the [[Deccan Plateau]]. Their architecture was a regional variant of [[Indo-Islamic architecture]], heavily influenced by the styles of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] and later [[Mughal architecture]], but sometimes also directly from [[Persia]] and [[Central Asia]].

The rulers of five Deccan sultanates had a number of cultural contributions to their credit in the fields of art, music, literature and architecture. Deccan sultanates have constructed many grand and impregnable forts. [[Bidar fort|Bidar]] and [[Golconda]] forts are classic example of military planning of Deccan sultanates. Apart from forts, they have constructed many tombs, [[mosque]]s and [[madrasa]]s. [[Gol Gumbaz]] (tomb of [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]), was the second largest dome in the world.

==Bidar==
[[Bidar]] is famous for [[Bidar Fort]], [[Mahmud Gawan Madrasa]], the Bahamani tombs at Ashtur and the Barid Shahi tombs.

Bidar Fort is one of the grandest fort in India. It has six-mile long wall made of huge stone blocks of reddish laterite stone. The fort contains many palaces and two large mosques, the Jami Masjid and the Solha Khumba Masjid. The Ashtur tomb complex contains 12 tombs of Bahmani rulers out of which the tomb of [[Ahmad Shah I Wali]] has a large dome. Madrasa of Mahmud Gawana is one of the most beautiful Madrasa created by the Deccan sultanate. The tomb of [[Ali Barid Shah I]] contains s Persian [[charbagh]] garden.<ref name="michell_77">Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates ([[The New Cambridge History of India]] Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, {{ISBN|0-521-56321-6}}, p.14 & pp.77–80.</ref>

==Bijapur==
[[File:Bijapur Ibrahim Rouza 100C.jpg|thumb|Ibrahim Rouza at Bijapur, [[Karnataka]], India]]
The most remarkable monuments in [[Bijapur]] are the [[Gol Gumbaz]] and [[Ibrahim Rouza]]. Gol Gumbaz is the tomb of [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]] and it contains the second largest dome in the world constructed before modern age. The external diameter of the hemispherical dome is 44 m. Ibrahim Rouza is the tomb for [[Ibrahim Adil Shah II]] and it is one of the most beautiful monument in Bijapur.

The [[Jama Masjid, Bijapur|Jami Masjid]] is one of the finest mosques in India having courtyard of 11,000 square feet. Other important architectural works of this period in Bijapur are the [[Chini Mahal]], [[Jal Mandir]], [[Sat Manzil]], [[Gagan Mahal]], [[Anand Mahal]] and the [[Asar Mahal]] (1646).<ref name="michell_86">Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, {{ISBN|0-521-56321-6}}, pp. 41–47 & pp.86–98.</ref>

==Golkonda==

[[File:Charminar Hyderabad.jpg|right|thumbnail|200px|The [[Charminar|Char Minar]]]]
The most remarkable achievements of the Qutb Shahi dynasty is [[Golkonda|Golkonda fort]]. It is one of the most impregnable fort in India. It is also famous for its acoustic features and water management.

The Jami Masjid (1518) built by [[Quli Qutb Mulk]] is a notable mosque in Golkonda. The [[Golkonda#Qutub Shahi Tombs|tombs of Qutb Shahis]] are a mausoleum complex, a royal necropolis of 30 tombs of the royal family. These were erected from 1543 to 1672.

[[Charminar|Char Minar]], in the heart of [[Hyderabad]], was completed in 1591. It has four minarets of 56 m. height. The construction of the [[Makkah Masjid, Hyderabad|Makkah Masjid]] was started in 1617 during the reign of [[Muhammad Qutb Shah]] but completed only in 1693.<ref>Michell, George & Mark Zebrowski. Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999, {{ISBN|0-521-56321-6}}, pp.47–53 & pp.101–106.</ref>

==Gulbarga==

[[Gulbarga]] was the initial capital of Bahamani sultanate. It has Shah Bazar Masjid, [[Gulbarga Fort]] and [[Jama Masjid Gulbarga|Great Mosque]], in the Fort and the Haft Gumbad complex.

==References==
{{reflist}}
#{{cite book
| last = Mitchell
| first = George
|author2=Mark Zebrowski
| title = Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7)
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| year = 1999
| location = Cambridge
| isbn = 0-521-56321-6
}}

==External links==
*[http://www.frontline.in/navigation/?type=static&page=flonnet&rdurl=fl2820/stories/20111007282006200.htm Monuments of Deccan Sultanates and other Islamic Monuments of India]
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5887/ Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate] - [[UNESCO]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151003033903/http://worldheritagesite.org/sites/t5887.html World Heritage Sites: Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate]

[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Telangana]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Bijapur district]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Telangana]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Telangana]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Bidar district]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Bidar district]]
[[Category:Architecture of India]]
[[Category:Deccan sultanates]]