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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
The '''Monshu''' (門主), or ''keeper of the gate'' is a term sometimes used in Japanese [[Buddhism]] to denote the head of a monastery, as in the case of [[Jōdo-shū]] and [[Tendai]] Buddhism, but in the case of the [[Nishi Hongan-ji]] sub-sect of [[Jōdo Shinshū]] Buddhism, it refers to the spiritual leader of the sect, and direct descendant of its founder [[Shinran]].

== Jōdo Shinshū ==
The Monshu in [[Jōdo Shinshū]] Buddhism was the guardian of [[Shinran]]'s mausoleum, as well as the head of the sect. This position was started when the youngest daughter of Shinran, [[Kakushinni]], installed her son as the custodian of the small shrine which held Shinran's image and ashes at Ōtani, in [[Kyoto]]. In time the small shrine grew into what is now the [[Hongan-ji]] temples (east and west). When the temple split into two temples, the West Temple, or ''Nishi Honganji'' continued to use the term Monshu, while the East Temple, or ''Higashi Hongan-ji'' gradually adopted the term "Hossu".

In the line of Monshu descendants, noteworthy Monshu include:
* [[Kakunyo]] Shōnin (1270–1351), the 3rd Monshu, who first asserted the authority of the [[Hongan-ji]].
* [[Rennyo]] Shōnin (1415–1499), the 8th Monshu, the so-called "Great Reformer".
* [[Kyōnyo]] Shōnin (1558–1614), the 12th Monshu, oversaw the split of the Hongan-ji temple and founded the East Temple, while his younger brother, [[Junnyo]] Shōnin, took over administration of the West Temple.
* Junnyo Shōnin (1577–1630), the 12th Monshu (Nishi Hongan-ji), who build the [[Tsukiji Hongan-ji]] temple in Tokyo.
* Shōnyo Shōnin (1911–2002), the 23rd Monshu (Nishi Hongan-ji, noteworthy for his efforts to help spread Jōdo Shinshū teachings abroad.

As of writing, the current and 25th Monshu of the Nishi Hongan-ji temple is Sennyo Shōnin (Ōtani Kōjun, born 1977). He succeeded his father Sokunyo Shōnin (Ōtani Kōshin, born 1945) on 6 June 2014.

[[Category:Japanese Buddhist titles]]
[[Category:Buddhist religious leaders]]

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Monshu - Revision history

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