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{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Mongolians in India<BR/>Энэтхэг дахь Монголчууд
|population = 1,116 (2010)<ref name="President">[http://www.president.mn/eng/newsCenter/viewNews.php?newsId=27 President Elbegdorj Tsakhia meets Mongolian students in India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718131425/http://www.president.mn/eng/newsCenter/viewNews.php?newsId=27# |date=2011-07-18 }}. The Office of the President of Mongolia, 14 September 2009.</ref>
|popplace = [[Kalimpong]]{{·}}[[Mundgod]]
|langs = [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]{{·}}[[Standard Tibetan|Tibetan]]{{·}}[[English language|English]]{{·}}[[Sanskrit]]
|rels = [[Buddhism]]
}}
There is a small '''Mongolian community in India''', comprising mostly [[Buddhist monasticism|Buddhist monks]] and scholars as well as [[international student]]s from [[Mongolia]].

==Migration history==
===Onward migration from Tibet===
Mongolians who were originally studying in [[Tibet]] in the 1950s followed the [[Tibetan diaspora|Tibetans]] and fled to [[India]] after the [[Invasion of Tibet (1950)|1950 invasion of Tibet]] and the [[1959 Tibetan uprising]]. Many of them settled in [[Kalimpong]], [[West Bengal]].<ref name="Sabharwal">Jack Sabharwal. [http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2821&Itemid=43 Buddhism Drew Many Mongolians to India]. ''[[UB Post]]'', 17 April 2009.</ref> The [[Diluwa Khutugtu Jamsrangjab|Dilowa Hutukhtu]] maintained contact with them. American scholar [[Owen Lattimore]] suggested to then-[[Defence Minister of India]] [[V. K. Krishna Menon|Krishna Menon]] that they could be valuable sources of intelligence against the [[People's Republic of China]] about conditions in Tibet.<ref>Robert P. Newman. ''Owen Lattimore and the "Loss" of China''. [[University of California Press]], 1992. Pages [https://books.google.com/books?id=_3q55sf6X2UC&pg=PA353 353] and [https://books.google.com/books?id=_3q55sf6X2UC&pg=PA411 411].</ref>

Mongolian scholars from Tibet made valuable contributions in Indian academia; for example, Lama Chimpa assisted [[George de Roerich]] in compiling a Russian-Sanskrit dictionary. Other noted Mongolian scholars in India from this era include Da-Lama, Rigzin Wangpo, [[Geshe Wanggyal]], Geshe Kaldan, and Geshe Agwang Nima; some remained in Kalimpong, while others left the district to teach at famous universities including the [[Banaras Hindu University]] and the [[University of Delhi]]. Most continued as monks, but some returned to secular life, married, and had children. Tohtoh, one such young man, studied at the Central Tibetan School in [[Mussoorie]], [[Uttarakhand]] before [[Mongolian American|emigrating to the United States]], where he was involved in founding the [[Mongol-American Cultural Association]].<ref name="Sabharwal"/>

===Direct migration from Mongolia===
[[India–Mongolia relations|Ties between Mongolia and India]] were expanded by the efforts of the [[19th Kushok Bakula Rinpoche]]. He was originally from [[Ladakh]] in India, but went to [[Lhasa]] to study at [[Drepung Monastery]] in the 1930s. He was instrumental in reviving [[Buddhism in Mongolia]], arranging the [[Dalai Lama]]'s visit to Mongolia in 1979, which resulted in an agreement for monks from Mongolia to come to India to study Buddhism. During his service as India's ambassador to Mongolia he encouraged more Mongolian monks to come to India and study at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics in [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]], in [[Karnataka]] at the Drepung Gomang in [[Mundgod]] or the [[Sera Monastery]] in [[Bylakuppe]], and in other places. Due to his efforts the number of scholarships for Mongolians to study in India expanded from just a few to over one hundred.<ref>Sue Byrne. [http://ladakhstudies.org/ladakhstudies_assets/LS19.pdf The Ambassador-Teacher: Reflections on Kushok Bakula Rinpoche's Importance in the Revival of Buddhism in Mongolia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819182459/http://ladakhstudies.org/ladakhstudies_assets/LS19.pdf |date=2011-08-19 }}. ''Ladakh Studies'' No. 19, 2005.</ref>

In January 2004, India and Mongolia also signed an agreement to construct a Mongolian-run Buddhist temple in [[Bodh Gaya]], [[Bihar]], where according to Buddhist tradition [[Gautama Buddha]] attained [[enlightenment in Buddhism|enlightenment]]. The Bihar government gave a free grant of land on which to build the monastery; then-[[Prime Minister of Mongolia]] [[Nambaryn Enkhbayar]] personally laid the [[cornerstone|foundation stone]]. Construction was delayed due to a dispute with the local government, however the temple was inaugurated in 2017 by His Holiness Dalai Lama .<ref>Azera Rahman. [http://www.indianewspost.com/human_interest/13986-from_land_of_chinggis_khan_a_buddhist_monastery_for_india.html From land of Chinggis Khan, a Buddhist monastery for India]</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://tibet.net/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-inaugurates-mongolian-buddhist-temple-at-bodh-gaya/|accessdate=9 January 2017|title=His Holiness the Dalai Lama Inaugurates Mongolian Buddhist Temple at Bodh Gaya
|publisher=Tibet.net}}</ref>

[[Penor Rinpoche]]'s [[Kunzang Palyul Choling]], in partnership with the [[Khamariin Khiid]] in [[Sainshand]] Sum, [[Dornogovi Province]], Mongolia, began sponsoring Mongolians to study Buddhism in India at the [[Namdroling Monastery]] in Bylakuppe in 2005. Two came the first year. In 2006, American Buddhist author [[B. Alan Wallace]] sponsored eight more young men to join them. A group of nine Mongolian women entered the neighbouring Tsogyal Shedrup Dargyeling nunnery in 2008.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090620085618/http://www.tara.org/our-projects/mongolian-buddhism-revival-project-mbrp/mongolians-in-india/ Mongolian Buddhism Revival Project: Buddhist Education in India], [[Kunzang Palyul Choling]], 2009.</ref>

{{as of|2010}} the office of the [[president of Mongolia]] estimated that more than 1,116 Mongolian citizens were living in India. About 300+ of them were students in [[List of universities in India|Indian universities]] and [[Colleges and institutes in India|colleges]], a third in [[Delhi]] alone.<ref name="President"/> About 20 Mongolian students were taking [[English as a foreign or second language|EFL]] courses at the International School of English Language in [[Solan district|Solan]], [[Himachal Pradesh]] {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, and another 20 at the [[English and Foreign Languages University]] in [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>[http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2756&Itemid=36 Missing Mongolian Students found in Chandigarh]. ''UB Post'', 26 March 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.montsame.mn/index.php?option=com_news&task=news_detail&tab=200912&ne=1124 Энэтхэгийн их дээд сургуульд шалгалтгүй элсэх боломжтой] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031254/http://www.montsame.mn/index.php?option=com_news&task=news_detail&tab=200912&ne=1124 |date=2016-03-04 }}. ''[[Montsame News Agency]]'', 22 December 2009.</ref> In [[Pune]] that same year, there were 10 or so Mongolian [[information technology]] trainees and students.<ref>[http://www.kt.mn/nuur/kt-undsen-bulanguud/yarilclaga/203-mt-iin-chigleleer-enetxegt-suralcagch-motgonpurev-zaluu-ue-bol-mongolchuudyn-ireedui.html МТ-ийн чиглэлээр Энэтхэгт суралцагч М.Отгонпүрэв: Залуу үе бол монголчуудын ирээдүй] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414181003/http://kt.mn/nuur/kt-undsen-bulanguud/yarilclaga/203-mt-iin-chigleleer-enetxegt-suralcagch-motgonpurev-zaluu-ue-bol-mongolchuudyn-ireedui.html |date=2011-04-14 }}. ''Computer Times'', 1 June 2009.</ref> More than 230 Mongolian student-monks were living in Mundgod {{as of|2011|lc=on}}.<ref>[http://www.tibetanreview.net/news.php?id=8277 Dalai Lama joins Drepung Mongols' New Year celebrations] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722182406/http://www.tibetanreview.net/news.php?id=8277 |date=2011-07-22 }}. ''Tibetan Review'', 6 February 2011.</ref> In 2012 the Indian government announced that it would give 50 scholarships to Mongolian students to study in India.
<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.montsame.mn/index.php?com=news&id=2012013031|title=Энэтхэгт тэтгэлгээр суралцах оюутны тоог нэмэв|periodical=Montsame|date=2012-01-30|accessdate=2012-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024559/http://www.montsame.mn/index.php?com=news&id=2012013031|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Nominjin]], Mongolian pop star who lived in India for five years<ref>Ts. Lkhagvasuren. [http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1467&Itemid=45 Nominjin returns home with new album]. ''UB Post'', 6 March 2008.</ref>
*[[9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu]], Mongolian Buddhist monk who had previously lived in Tibet<ref>{{citation|journal=Central Asiatic Journal|volume=XLV|issue=2|year=2001|title=The Life and Lineage of the Ninth Khalkha Jetsun Dampa Khutukhtu of Urga|first=Fabian|last=Sanders|pages=293–303}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[India-Mongolia relations]]
*[[Buddhism in Mongolia]]
*[[Buddhism in North Karnataka]]
*[[Mongol invasions of India]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101216125924/http://mongolindia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=31&Itemid=72 Mongol Studies in India: The Country of Buddha]. Embassy of Mongolia in India, November 20, 2009.
*{{in lang|mn}} [http://catrainbow.net/msui_v2/ Mongolian Students Association in India]{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, based in Delhi

{{Immigration to India}}
{{Mongolians outside of Mongolia}}

[[Category:Immigration to India]]
[[Category:Mongolian diaspora in Asia|India]]
[[Category:Mongolian expatriates in India| ]]
[[Category:Indian people of Mongolian descent| ]]

Mongolians in India - Revision history

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