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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mohanlal Lallubhai Dantwala
| image =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1909|09|18}}
| birth_place = [[Surat]], [[Gujarat]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1998|10|08|1909|09|18}}
| occupation = [[Agricultural economist]]<br>Academic<br>Writer
| yearsactive = 1934–1998
| known for = Agricultural economic reforms
| awards = [[Padma Bhushan]]
}}
'''Mohanlal Lallubhai Dantwala''' (1909–1998) was an Indian [[agricultural economist]], academic and writer, considered by many as the father of Indian [[Agricultural Economics|agricultural economics]].<ref name="Obituary: M. L. Dantwala">{{cite journal | url=http://search.proquest.com/openview/7148ccdbbfad313b678068089827a296/1?pq-origsite=gscholar | title=Obituary: M. L. Dantwala | author=P. R. Brahmananda | journal=Indian Economic Journal | date=July 1998 | volume=46 | issue=1 | pages=135}}</ref> He was a [[Gandhian]] and an [[Indian independence activist]] and he suffered incarceration for over six years during the Indian freedom struggle. He authored several books and articles on the agricultural sector of India<ref name="Author profile - WorldCat">{{cite web | url=http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3ADantwala%2C+M.+L.&qt=hot_author | title=Author profile - WorldCat | publisher=WorldCat | date=2016 | access-date=22 March 2016}}</ref> and was the founder chairperson of the ''Centre For Development Alternatives'' (CFDA), a research centre promoting development studies.<ref name="Board of Trustees">{{cite web | url=http://www.cfda.ac.in/board_of_trustees.html | title=Board of Trustees | publisher=Centre For Development Alternatives | date=2016 | access-date=22 March 2016}}</ref> The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the [[Padma Bhushan]], in 1969, for his contributions to Indian science and technology.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2016 |access-date=3 January 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2014 }}</ref>

== Biography ==
Dantwala was born in [[Surat]], one of the larger cities of the Indian state of [[Gujarat]] on 18 September 1909.<ref name="The New Oxford Companion to Economics in India (3 ed.)">{{cite book | url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198078555.001.0001/acref-9780198078555-e-38 | title=The New Oxford Companion to Economics in India | edition=3rd | publisher=Oxford University Press |author1=Kaushik Basu |author2=Annemie Maertens |name-list-style=amp | year=2012 | pages=232 | isbn=9780198078555}}</ref> He did his college studies at MTB Arts College, Surat and [[Wilson College, Mumbai]], winning the ''James Taylor Prize'' for academic excellence, after which he worked as a faculty member at the School of Economics of the [[Mumbai University]].<ref name="Obituary: M. L. Dantwala" /> It was during this time he got involved in the [[Indian independence movement]] and suffered jail terms, intermittently, totaling six and a half years. This caused disruptions in his doctoral studies and his thesis was reportedly submitted while he was serving a jail term at the [[Arthur Road Jail]] in Mumbai. Around this time, he also wrote one of his notable works, ''A Hundred Years of Indian Cotton'', a job commissioned by ''East India Cotton Association'' and the book had its foreword written by [[Jawaharlal Nehru]].<ref name="A Hundred Years of Indian Cotton">{{cite book | title=A Hundred Years of Indian Cotton | publisher=East India Cotton Association | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1948 | pages=135 | oclc=557684279}}</ref>

Dantwala was one of the close collaborators of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and was known to have contributed to the development of the Gandhian ideal of ''Practical Trusteeship'', drafting the proposal document which was published in ''[[Harijan#Harijan.2C Mohandas Gandhi.27s publication|Harijan]]'' in October 1952.<ref name="Practical Trusteeship Formula">{{cite web | url=https://www.cpp.edu/~ahimsacenter/k12/documents/Larsen_ViolenceofPoverty.pdf | title=Practical Trusteeship Formula | publisher=Larsen Violence of Poverty | date=2016 | access-date=23 March 2016}}</ref> After the [[Partition of India|Indian independence]] he was associated with several leading political leaders such as [[Jaiprakash Narayan]] and [[Ram Manohar Lohia]], assisting them in the formation of [[Congress Socialist Party]].<ref name="Obituary: M. L. Dantwala" /> He also served as the private secretary of [[Morarji Desai]] for a while and held the chair of the ''Working Group on Block Level Planning'' set up by the [[Planning Commission of India]] in 1977,<ref name="Unemployment: The swelling ranks">{{cite web | url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/vast-army-of-unemployed-in-india-likely-to-be-a-potent-issue-in-coming-polls/1/435929.html | title=Unemployment: The swelling ranks | publisher=India Today | date=9 March 2015 | access-date=22 March 2016}}</ref> which prescribed organizational and operational protocols for socio-economic planning process at block levels.<ref name="Working Group on Block Level Planning">{{cite web | url=http://nrcddp.org/file_upload/Report%20of%20the%20Working%20Group%20on%20Block%20Level%20Planning%20-%20M.L.Dantwala.pdf | title=Working Group on Block Level Planning | publisher=Planning Commission of India | date=1977 | access-date=22 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="Planning at the Grassroots Level">{{cite web | url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sp_scy2stat.pdf&gws_rd=cr&ei=lS_xVpOwIoTvarTfp9gD | title=Planning at the Grassroots Level | publisher=Planning Commission of India | date=2016 | access-date=23 March 2016}}</ref> The committee later came to be known as ''Dantwala Committee''.<ref name="List of Committees Related to Banking & Finance in India">{{cite web | url=http://www.gktoday.in/list-of-committees-related-to-banking-finance-in-india/ | title=List of Committees Related to Banking & Finance in India | publisher=GK Today | date=2016 | access-date=22 March 2016}}</ref> He served as the director of the department of Economics at [[Mumbai University]]<ref name="About CFDA">{{cite web | url=http://www.cfda.ac.in/about_cfda.html | title=About CFDA | publisher=Centre For Development Alternatives | date=2016 | access-date=23 March 2016}}</ref> and was a National Professor of the Government of India.<ref name="National Professor, Government of India">{{cite web | url=http://www.sagepub.in/authorDetails.nav?contribId=522883 | title=National Professor, Government of India | publisher=Sage Publishing | date=2016 | access-date=23 March 2016}}</ref> When ''Centre For Development Alternatives'' (CFDA) was established in 1998, he became its founder chairperson, a post he held till his death.<ref name="Board of Trustees" />

Dantwala, who was associated with several global movements in [[Agricultural Economics]],<ref name="Technology, Public Policy, and the Changing Structure of American Agriculture">{{cite journal | url=http://ajae.oxfordjournals.org/content/68/3/764.extract | title=Technology, Public Policy, and the Changing Structure of American Agriculture | journal=U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment | date=March 1986 | pages=374}}{{dead link|date=May 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> authored several publications on the topic<ref name="Author profile - WorldCat" /> and contributed chapters to several others.<ref name="Dynamics of Agricultural Development, Volume 1">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=92Aklz71nlkC&q=M+L+Dantwala&pg=PA141 | title=Dynamics of Agricultural Development, Volume 1 | publisher=Concept Publishing Company | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=2001 | isbn=9788170228356}}</ref> ''Indian Agricultural Development Since Independence'',<ref name="Indian Agricultural Development Since Independence">{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/indianagricultur0000unse/page/519 | title=Indian Agricultural Development Since Independence | publisher=Oxford and IBH Publishing Co | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1986 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/indianagricultur0000unse/page/519 519] | isbn=8120401182 }}</ref> ''Evaluation of Land Reforms'',<ref name="Evaluation of Land Reforms">{{cite book | url=http://14.139.56.77:9032/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=4244&query_desc=au%3AM.L.%20Dantwala%20and%20itype%3ABK | title=Evaluation of Land Reforms | publisher=Department of Economics, Mumbai University |author1=M. L. Dantwala |author2=C. H. Shah | year=1971 | pages=197 | oclc=740856}}</ref> ''Poverty in India, Then and Now, 1870-1970'',<ref name="Poverty in India, Then and Now, 1870-1970">{{cite book | title=Poverty in India, Then and Now, 1870-1970 | publisher=Macmillan India | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1973 | pages=67 | isbn=9780333900024|oclc = 746873}}</ref> ''Gandhism Reconsidered''<ref name="Gandhism Reconsidered">{{cite book | url=http://repository.tufs.ac.jp/handle/10108/44563 | title=Gandhism Reconsidered | publisher=Padma Publications | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1945 | pages=64}}</ref> and ''Marketing of Raw Cotton in India''<ref name="Marketing of Raw Cotton in India">{{cite book | title=Marketing of Raw Cotton in India | publisher=Longmans-Green |author1=M. L. Dantwala |author2=C. N. Vakil | year=1937 | pages=268 | oclc=3175125}}</ref> are some of his other notable works and he has also edited works such as ''Dilemmas Of Growth: The Indian Experience''<ref name="Dilemmas Of Growth: The Indian Experience">{{cite book | title=Dilemmas Of Growth: The Indian Experience | publisher=SAGE Publications | editor=M L Dantwala | editor2=Pravin Visaria | editor3=N A Mujumdar | editor4=T R Sundaram | year=1996 | pages=350 | isbn=978-0803992665}}</ref> and ''Social Change Through Voluntary Action''.<ref name="Social Change Through Voluntary Action">{{cite book | url=http://www.sagepub.in/books/Book241339 | title=Social Change Through Voluntary Action | publisher=SAGE Publications | editor=M L Dantwala | editor2=Harsh Sethi | editor3=Pravin Visaria | year=1998 | pages=200 | isbn=9780761992981}}</ref> He was awarded the civilian honour of the [[Padma Bhushan]] by the Government of India in 1969,<ref name="Padma Awards" /> a year after he was honoured by the [[Wageningen University and Research Centre]], an affiliate of the [[Wageningen University]], with an honorary doctorate, in 1968.<ref name="Honorary Doctorates">{{cite web | url=http://www.wageningenur.nl/en/wageningen-university/About-Wageningen-University/Academic-board/Honorary-Doctorates.htm | title=Honorary Doctorates | publisher=Wageningen University | date=2016 | access-date=23 March 2016}}</ref> He died on 8 October 1998, aged 89.<ref name="Obituary: M. L. Dantwala" /> The story of life has been documented in several obituaries, including ''Remembering M L Dantwala'', in the [[Economic and Political Weekly]],<ref name="Remembering M L Dantwala">{{cite journal | url=http://www.epw.in/journal/1998/42-43/commentary/remembering-m-l-dantwala.html | title=Remembering M L Dantwala | author=Ashok Mitra | journal=Economic and Political Weekly | date=October 1998 | volume=33 | issue=42–43}}</ref> and ''Professor M.L. Dantwala: A Tribute'', in ''Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics'', both published in 1998.<ref name="Professor M.L. Dantwala: A tribute">{{cite journal | url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-40947415.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505155400/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-40947415.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-05-05 | title=Professor M.L. Dantwala: A tribute | author=Vaidyanathan, A | journal=Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics | date=October 1998}}</ref>

== Selected bibliography ==
* {{cite book | title=Marketing of Raw Cotton in India | publisher=Longmans-Green |author1=M. L. Dantwala |author2=C. N. Vakil | year=1937 | pages=268 | oclc=3175125}}
* {{cite book | title=Gandhism Reconsidered | publisher=Padma Publications | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1945 | pages=64}}
* {{cite book | title=A Hundred Years of Indian Cotton | publisher=East India Cotton Association | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1948 | pages=135 | oclc=557684279}}
* {{cite book | title=Evaluation of Land Reforms | publisher=Department of Economics, Mumbai University |author1=M. L. Dantwala |author2=C. H. Shah | year=1971 | pages=197 | oclc=740856}}
* {{cite book | title=Poverty in India, Then and Now, 1870-1970 | publisher=Macmillan India | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1973 | pages=67 | isbn=9780333900024}}
* {{cite book | title=Indian Agricultural Development Since Independence | publisher=Oxford and IBH Publishing Co | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=1986 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/indianagricultur0000unse/page/519 519] | isbn=8120401182 | url=https://archive.org/details/indianagricultur0000unse/page/519 }}
* {{cite book | title=Dilemmas Of Growth: The Indian Experience | publisher=SAGE Publications | editor=M. L. Dantwala | editor2=Pravin Visaria | editor3=N. A. Mujumdar | editor4=T. R. Sundaram | year=1996 | pages=350 | isbn=978-0803992665}}
* {{cite book | title=Social Change Through Voluntary Action | publisher=SAGE Publications | editor=M. L. Dantwala | editor2=Harsh Sethi | editor3=Pravin Visaria | year=1998 | pages=200 | isbn=9780761992981}}
* {{cite book | title=Dynamics of Agricultural Development, Volume 1 | publisher=Concept Publishing Company | author=M. L. Dantwala | year=2001 | isbn=9788170228356}}

== See also ==
* [[Wilson College, Mumbai]]
* [[Wageningen University and Research Centre]]
{{portal|India}}

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* {{cite journal | jstor=23619904| title=Reviewed Work: Social change through voluntary action | author=Rajeshwar Prasad | journal=Sociological Bulletin of Indian Sociological Society | date=March 2000 | volume=49 | issue=1}}

{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1960–69}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dantwala, Mohanlal Lallubhai}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering]]
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Surat]]
[[Category:Scientists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Indian agricultural economists]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai faculty]]
[[Category:Wageningen University and Research]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian economists]]

Mohanlal Lallubhai Dantwala - Revision history

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