->Dewritech: /* Death */clean up, typo(s) fixed: May 31, 1973 → May 31, 1973,

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Death: clean up, typo(s) fixed: May 31, 1973 → May 31, 1973,

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:42, 7 October 2021
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	==Early life and education==		==Early life and education==

	Mohan Kumaramangalam was born in [[London]] to [[P. Subbarayan]], then ''[[zamindar]]'' of [[Kumaramangalam]] in [[Tiruchengode\|Thiruchengode]] Taluk, [[Namakkal district]] and later, Chief Minister of [[Madras Presidency]] and his wife, [[Radhabai Subbarayan]] on 1 November 1916.<ref name="premonitionsp188">{{cite book\|title=Premonitions\|author=Parameshwar Narain Haksar\|pages=188\|publisher=Interpress\|year=1979}}</ref> He was their third and youngest son, [[~~P. P.~~ Kumaramangalam]] and Gopal Kumaramangalam being elder to him. Kumaramangalam was educated at [[Eton College\|Eton]] and [[King's College, Cambridge]],<ref name="premonitionsp188" /> serving as [[List of Cambridge Union Society presidents\|President]] of the [[Cambridge Union Society]] in 1938.<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> During his period at Cambridge he was deeply influenced by Communism.<ref name="Austin">{{Cite book \| last = Austin \| first = Granville \| title = Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience \| publisher = Oxford University Press \| date = 1999 \| location = New Delhi \| pages = 182 \| isbn = 0-19-565610-5 }}</ref>		Mohan Kumaramangalam was born in [[London]] to [[P. Subbarayan]], then ''[[zamindar]]'' of [[Kumaramangalam]] in [[Tiruchengode\|Thiruchengode]] Taluk, [[Namakkal district]] and later, Chief Minister of [[Madras Presidency]] and his wife, [[Radhabai Subbarayan]] on 1 November 1916.<ref name="premonitionsp188">{{cite book\|title=Premonitions\|author=Parameshwar Narain Haksar\|pages=188\|publisher=Interpress\|year=1979}}</ref> He was their third and youngest son, [[Paramasiva Prabhakar Kumaramangalam]] and Gopal Kumaramangalam being elder to him. Kumaramangalam was educated at [[Eton College\|Eton]] and [[King's College, Cambridge]],<ref name="premonitionsp188" /> serving as [[List of Cambridge Union Society presidents\|President]] of the [[Cambridge Union Society]] in 1938.<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> During his period at Cambridge he was deeply influenced by Communism.<ref name="Austin">{{Cite book \| last = Austin \| first = Granville \| title = Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience \| publisher = Oxford University Press \| date = 1999 \| location = New Delhi \| pages = 182 \| isbn = 0-19-565610-5 }}</ref>

	Kumaramangalam was called to the bar by the [[Inner Temple]].<ref name="review">{{cite book\|title=Far Eastern economic review, Volumes 79-80\|publisher=Review Publishing Co. Ltd.\|year=1973}}</ref> He returned to India in 1939<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> and participated in the [[Indian Independence Movement]].		Kumaramangalam was called to the bar by the [[Inner Temple]].<ref name="review">{{cite book\|title=Far Eastern economic review, Volumes 79-80\|publisher=Review Publishing Co. Ltd.\|year=1973}}</ref> He returned to India in 1939<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> and participated in the [[Indian Independence Movement]].
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	== Death ==		== Death ==

	Kumaramangalam was killed in the crash of [[Indian Airlines Flight 440]] on May 31, 1973 at the age of 56.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> Many of the dead were unidentifiable, but his body was identified by a Parker pen and a hearing aid he wore.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lUpQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ulcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5720,127936&dq=new+delhi+indian+airlines+crash&hl=en 3 Americans survive, but 4 die in New Delhi crash]</ref>		Kumaramangalam was killed in the crash of [[Indian Airlines Flight 440]] on May 31, 1973, at the age of 56.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> Many of the dead were unidentifiable, but his body was identified by a Parker pen and a hearing aid he wore.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lUpQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ulcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5720,127936&dq=new+delhi+indian+airlines+crash&hl=en 3 Americans survive, but 4 die in New Delhi crash]</ref>

	==Works==		==Works==

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{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| order1 = Minister of Iron and Steel Mines
| term_start1 = 1971
| term_end1 = 1972
| primeminister1 = [[Indira Gandhi]]
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| order2 = Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) for [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pondicherry]]
| term_start2 = 1971
| term_end2 = 1972
| monarch2 =
| primeminister2 = [[Indira Gandhi]]
| predecessor2 = [[Thirumudi.N.Sethuraman]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Pondicherry General (Lok Sabha) Election Results 2014|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/parliamentaryconstituencies/pondicherry/general-election-results.html|publisher=Maps of India|access-date=15 February 2016}}</ref>
| successor2 =
| order3 = Advocate-General for [[Madras State]]
| term_start3 = 1966
| term_end3 = 1967
| Chief Minister= [[M. Bhaktavatsalam]]
| predecessor3 = [[N. Krishnaswami Reddy]]
| successor3 = [[Govind Swaminadhan]]
| birth_date = 1 November 1916
| birth_place = London, United Kingdom
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1973|05|31|1916|11|01}}
| death_place =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| party = [[Communist Party of India]] (1938 - 1967), [[Indian National Congress]] (1967 - 1973)
| religion =
| image=
| alma_mater =
| profession = [[lawyer]]
| spouse = Kalyani
| children = [[Uma Kumaramangalam]], [[Rangarajan Kumaramangalam]], [[Lalitha Kumaramangalam]]
| relations = [[General P. P. Kumaramangalam]], [[Parvathi Krishnan]], [[Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam]] (Grandson)}}

'''Surendra Mohan Kumaramangalam''' ({{lang-ta|சுரேந்திர மோகன் குமாரமங்கலம்}}) (b. 1 November 1916 - d. 30 May 1973) was an Indian politician and [[communist]] theorist who was a member of the [[Communist Party of India]], and later, the [[Indian National Congress]]. He served as a member of [[Lok Sabha]] for [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pondicherry]] from 1971 to 1972. He also served as Advocate-General for Madras State from 1966 to 1967.

==Early life and education==

Mohan Kumaramangalam was born in [[London]] to [[P. Subbarayan]], then ''[[zamindar]]'' of [[Kumaramangalam]] in [[Tiruchengode|Thiruchengode]] Taluk, [[Namakkal district]] and later, Chief Minister of [[Madras Presidency]] and his wife, [[Radhabai Subbarayan]] on 1 November 1916.<ref name="premonitionsp188">{{cite book|title=Premonitions|author=Parameshwar Narain Haksar|pages=188|publisher=Interpress|year=1979}}</ref> He was their third and youngest son, [[P. P. Kumaramangalam]] and Gopal Kumaramangalam being elder to him. Kumaramangalam was educated at [[Eton College|Eton]] and [[King's College, Cambridge]],<ref name="premonitionsp188" /> serving as [[List of Cambridge Union Society presidents|President]] of the [[Cambridge Union Society]] in 1938.<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> During his period at Cambridge he was deeply influenced by Communism.<ref name="Austin">{{Cite book | last = Austin | first = Granville | title = Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience | publisher = Oxford University Press | date = 1999 | location = New Delhi | pages = 182 | isbn = 0-19-565610-5 }}</ref>

Kumaramangalam was called to the bar by the [[Inner Temple]].<ref name="review">{{cite book|title=Far Eastern economic review, Volumes 79-80|publisher=Review Publishing Co. Ltd.|year=1973}}</ref> He returned to India in 1939<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> and participated in the [[Indian Independence Movement]].

== In the Indian Independence movement ==

In 1941, Kumaramangalam was arrested along with [[P. Ramamurthi]], C. S. Subramaniam and R. Umanath for distributing seditious pamphlets in what came to be known as the Madras Conspiracy Case.<ref name="nehrup502">{{cite book|title=Selected works of Jawaharlal Nehru|author=M. Chalapathi N. Y. Sharada Prasad, and B. R. Nanda|pages=502|publisher=Orient Longman|year=1982}}</ref> Kumaramangalam was later released. During the [[Second World War]] Kumaramangalam served as the editor of the communist magazine, ''People's War'', which on the conclusion of hostilities he renamed as ''People's Age''.

== Post-independence politics ==
[[File:Selam mohan kumaaramangalam government hospital.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The government medical college hospital in Salem, has been named after Mohan Kumaramangalam]]
In the days following India's independence Madras Presidency was gripped by a peasant rebellion, which compelled the provincial government to launch a crackdown on communists. Kumaramangalam was arrested along with other communist leaders and released after the rebellion had subsided.<ref name="jayakanthanp24">{{cite book|title=A literary man's political experiences|pages=24|author=Dandapani Jayakanthan|publisher=READ Books|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4067-3569-7}}</ref> Kumaramangalam favoured friendly relations with the [[Soviet Union]] and established the Indo-Soviet Cultural Society.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> However, with the onset of the 1960s Kumaramangalam began distancing himself from communism. He served as Advocate General of Madras. Following the victory of the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] in the 1967 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections, Kumaramangalam resigned from the Communist Party of India and joined the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="jayakanthanp24" />

Kumaramangalam was loyal to [[Indira Gandhi]] when the party split<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> and was elected to the Lok Sabha from [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pondicherry]] in the 1971 elections.<ref name="1971_elections">{{cite web|title=Statistical Reports on the General Elections to the 5th Lok Sabha, 1971|url=http://eci.nic.in/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409234639/http://eci.nic.in/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf|archive-date=9 April 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He was the driving force behind [[Indira Gandhi]]'s decision in 1973, to appoint [[Ajit Nath Ray]] was the [[Chief Justice of India]] superseding three senior judges of the [[Supreme Court of India]] - [[Jaishanker Manilal Shelat|J. M. Shelat]], A.N Grover and [[K. S. Hegde]].<ref name="Austin"/>

He served as the Minister of Steel and Mines from 1971 until his death in 1973.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" />

== Death ==

Kumaramangalam was killed in the crash of [[Indian Airlines Flight 440]] on May 31, 1973 at the age of 56.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> Many of the dead were unidentifiable, but his body was identified by a Parker pen and a hearing aid he wore.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lUpQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ulcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5720,127936&dq=new+delhi+indian+airlines+crash&hl=en 3 Americans survive, but 4 die in New Delhi crash]</ref>

== Family ==

Mohan Kumaramangalam married Kalyani Mukerjee, niece of Bengali politician [[Ajoy Mukherjee]] in 1943. Ajoy Mukherjee, later, served as the [[Chief Minister]] of [[West Bengal]]. The couple had a son, [[Rangarajan Kumaramangalam]] and two daughters.<ref name="kumaramangalam">{{cite news|title=Kumaramangalam family's role in development remembered |url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/17/stories/2004101704590400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050119213301/http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/17/stories/2004101704590400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 January 2005|date=17 October 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Rangarajan Kumaramangalam was a member of the Indian National Congress and later, the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and served as a minister in the [[P. V. Narasimha Rao|Narasimha Rao]] and [[Atal Behari Vajpayee]] governments.<ref name="kumaramangalam" /> Mohan's daughter, Lalitha Kumaramangalam contested the 2004 and 2009 Lok Sabha elections as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate from Tiruchirapalli and lost on both occasions. The older daughter is Uma Kumaramangalam who was Physics teacher Bal Krishan Kalra's student at Springdale Higher Secondary School in Delhi and is married to Malay Mukherjee.

Mohan Kumaramangalam's brother [[P. P. Kumaramangalam]] was a distinguished army officer who served as India's Chief of Army Staff.<ref name="kumaramangalam" /> His sister, [[Parvathi Krishnan]] was a politician of the Communist Party of India and served three terms as Member of Parliament from Coimbatore.<ref name="kumaramangalam" />

Kumaramangalam's grandson, Muktesh Mukherjee, and his wife Xiaomao Bai, are among the two [[Canadians|Canadian]] passengers aboard [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]] which went missing since 8 March 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Edwards|first1=Peter|title=Canadian on missing Malaysian Airlines plane lost grandfather to 1973 plane crash|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/03/11/canadian_on_missing_malaysian_airlines_plane_lost_grandfather_to_1973_plane_crash.html|website=Toronto Star|access-date=15 February 2016|date=11 March 2014}}</ref>

Another grandson of Mohan Kumaramanglam is '''[[Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam]]''', who has joined politics after working as an entrepreneur and for technology companies. He unsuccessfully contested the Lok Sabha polls 2014 from Salem on a Congress ticket. He is the working president of Tamil Nadu Congress Committee. (http://mohankumaramangalam.in) <ref>http://mohankumaramangalam.in</ref>

==Works==

Mohan Kumaramangalam was a prominent communist theorist and authored a number of books and pamphlets. Some of his works include:

* {{cite book|title=A New Germany in birth|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|publisher=People's Publishing House|year=1944}}
* {{cite book|title=Critique of CHina's destiny: Review of Marshal Chiang Kai Shek's book|publisher=People's Publishing House|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|author2=Boda Chen|year=1944}}
* {{cite book|title=Who threatens China's unity|publisher=People's Publishing House|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|author2=Enlai Zhou, Vladimir Rogov,Zhongguo gong chan dang|year=1944}}
* {{cite book|title=The United Nations: Instrument for peace or dictatorship of the big five|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|publisher=People's Publishing House|year=1945}}
* {{cite book|title=Iran at the Crossroads|publisher=People's Publishing House|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1946}}
* {{cite book|title=India's fight for equality in South Africe|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|publisher=People's Publishing House|year=1946}}
* {{cite book|title=India and the UNO|publisher=People's Publishing House|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1947}}
* {{cite book|title=India's language crisis: an introductory study|publisher=New Century Book House|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1965}}
* {{cite book|title=Democracy and cult of the individual|publisher=National Book Club|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1966}}
* {{cite book|title=Constitutional amendments: the reason why|publisher=All India Congress Committee|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1971}}
* {{cite book|title=Coal industry in India: nationalisation and tasks ahead|publisher=Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1973}}
* {{cite book|title=Communists in Congress:Kumaramangalam's thesis|publisher=D. K. Pub. House|author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1973}} [https://books.google.com/books/about/Communists_in_Congress_Kumaramangalam_s.html?id=2yQ0AAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y at Google Books]
* {{cite book|title=Judicial appointments: an analysis of the recent controversy over the appointment of the Chief Justice of India|url=https://archive.org/details/judicialappointm0000kuma|url-access=registration|publisher=Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. |author=Mohan Kumaramangalam|year=1973}}

== Notes ==

{{reflist|2}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumaramangalam, Mohan}}
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:1973 deaths]]
[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India politicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
[[Category:Alumni of King's College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Tamil lawyers]]
[[Category:Lawyers from London]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Puducherry]]
[[Category:Kumaramangalam family|Mohan]]
[[Category:Advocates General for Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India politicians from Puducherry]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Puducherry]]
[[Category:Puducherry politicians]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Cambridge Union]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in India]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1973]]

Mohan Kumaramangalam - Revision history

->Dewritech: /* Death */clean up, typo(s) fixed: May 31, 1973 → May 31, 1973,

imported>Intoxicatedmidnight: cleaned up article and infobox

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