Mohammed Zaman Kiani - Revision history

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2022-01-25T12:11:02Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:41, 25 January 2022
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	{{Use Pakistani English\|date=February ~~2022~~}}		{{Use Pakistani English\|date=February 2018}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2018}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\| name = Mohammed Zaman Kiani		\| name = Mohammed Zaman Kiani
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	==Sources==		==Sources==
	* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC \|year=2006 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}		* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC \|year=2006 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}
	* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=His Majesty's Opponent \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 \|year=2011 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 \|ref={{sfnref\|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent\|~~2022~~}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=His Majesty's Opponent \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 \|year=2011 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 \|ref={{sfnref\|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent\|2011}}}}
	* {{Citation \|last=Mercado \|first=Stephen C. \|year=2002 \|title=The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school. \|publisher=Brassey's. \|ISBN=1-57488-538-3}}		* {{Citation \|last=Mercado \|first=Stephen C. \|year=2002 \|title=The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school. \|publisher=Brassey's. \|ISBN=1-57488-538-3}}
	* {{citation \|last=Nawaz \|first=Shuja \|title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ \|year=2008 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 \|ref={{sfnref \|Nawaz, Crossed Swords \|~~2022~~}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Nawaz \|first=Shuja \|title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ \|year=2008 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 \|ref={{sfnref \|Nawaz, Crossed Swords \|2008}}}}
	* {{citation \|last=Saraf \|first=Muhammad Yusuf \|title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 \|year=2015 \|origyear=first published 1979 by Ferozsons \|publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies \|location=Mirpur \|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3541 \|via=archive.org \|ref={{sfnref\|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2\|~~2022~~}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Saraf \|first=Muhammad Yusuf \|title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 \|year=2015 \|origyear=first published 1979 by Ferozsons \|publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies \|location=Mirpur \|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3541 \|via=archive.org \|ref={{sfnref\|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2\|2015}}}}

	== External links ==		== External links ==

Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

2022-01-25T12:11:02Z

robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:41, 25 January 2022
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	{{Use Pakistani English\|date=February ~~2018~~}}		{{Use Pakistani English\|date=February 2022}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February ~~2018~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2022}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\| name = Mohammed Zaman Kiani		\| name = Mohammed Zaman Kiani
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	}}		}}

	Major General '''Mohammed Zaman Kiani''' (1 October 1910 – 4 June 1981) was an officer of the [[British Indian Army]] who later joined the [[Indian National Army]], led by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]], and commanded its 1st Division. He earned the Sword of Honour from the Indian Military Academy, and joined 14/1 Punjab Regiment (now 5 Punjab, in the Pakistan Army).		Major General '''Mohammed Zaman Kiani''' (1 October 1910 – 4 June 1981) was an officer of the [[British Indian Army]] who later joined the [[Indian National Army]] (INA), led by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]], and commanded its 1st Division. He earned the Sword of Honour from the Indian Military Academy, and joined 14/1 Punjab Regiment (now 5 Punjab, in the Pakistan Army).

	After Indian independence, Kiani moved to Pakistan, he served as political agent of Gilgit Agency and also remained Minister of Information in [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s government. His contributions to the Azad Hind were later acknowledged and he was awarded with Netaji Medal posthumously by the Indian Government.		After Indian independence, Kiani moved to Pakistan, he served as political agent of Gilgit Agency and also remained Minister of Information in [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s government. His contributions to the Azad Hind were later acknowledged and he was awarded with Netaji Medal posthumously by the Indian Government.
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	== Second World War and the Azad Hind ==		== Second World War and the Azad Hind ==
	In March 1941 the 1st Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment was sent to Malaya and he fought in the [[Battle of Malaya]] during [[World War II]] and was taken prisoner of war. He later joined the [[First Indian National Army]] (INA), when it was formed in 1942 under the command of [[Mohan Singh (general)\|Mohan Singh]]. After this army collapsed due to disagreements with the Japanese, the [[Indian Independence League]] placed Kiani as Army Commander of the remains, with [[Jaganath Rao Bhonsle]] as Director of the Military Bureau.<ref>{{cite book\|author=Shah Nawaz Khan\|author-link=Shah Nawaz Khan (general)\|title=My Memories of I.N.A. & Its Netaji\|year=1946\|publisher=Rajkamal Publications\|pages=60–62}}</ref> After the arrival of [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] in 1943 and the revival of the [[Indian National Army]], as well as the proclamation of the [[Azad Hind\|Free India]] government, Kiani was appointed the commander of the first division, ~~who~~ he led during the [[Operation U-Go\|invasion of India]] in 1944.<ref>{{cite book\|author=Shah Nawaz Khan\|author-link=Shah Nawaz Khan (general)\|title=My Memories of I.N.A. & Its Netaji\|year=1946\|publisher=Rajkamal Publications\|pages=247–248}}</ref><ref name=Bose141>{{Harvnb\|Bose\|2006\|p=141}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb\|Mercado\|2002\|p=78}}</ref> At the time of the fall of Rangoon, Kiani led the personnel of the [[Indian National Army]] and the Azad Hind Government who, along with Bose, marched to [[Bangkok]].<ref name=Bose141/> After [[Death of Subhas Chandra Bose\|Bose flew to Tokyo in August 1945]], Kiani surrendered to the British 5th Division at [[Singapore]] on 25 August 1945 as the commander of the INA, along with the rest of his troops.{{sfn\|Bose\|2006\|p=143}} He was repatriated to ~~[[British~~ India~~\|India]]~~ and interned until 1946, before being cashiered and discharged from the British Indian Army.{{sfn\|Bose\|2006\|p=144}}		In March 1941 the 1st Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment was sent to Malaya and he fought in the [[Battle of Malaya]] during [[World War II]] and was taken prisoner of war. He later joined the [[First Indian National Army]] (INA), when it was formed in 1942 under the command of [[Mohan Singh (general)\|Mohan Singh]]. After this army collapsed due to disagreements with the Japanese, the [[Indian Independence League]] placed Kiani as Army Commander of the remains, with [[Jaganath Rao Bhonsle]] as Director of the Military Bureau.<ref>{{cite book\|author=Shah Nawaz Khan\|author-link=Shah Nawaz Khan (general)\|title=My Memories of I.N.A. & Its Netaji\|year=1946\|publisher=Rajkamal Publications\|pages=60–62}}</ref>

			After the arrival of [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] in 1943 and the revival of the [[Indian National Army]] (INA), as well as the proclamation of the [[Azad Hind\|Free India]] government, Kiani was appointed the commander of the first division, which he led during the [[Operation U-Go\|invasion of India]] in 1944.<ref>{{cite book\|author=Shah Nawaz Khan\|author-link=Shah Nawaz Khan (general)\|title=My Memories of I.N.A. & Its Netaji\|year=1946\|publisher=Rajkamal Publications\|pages=247–248}}</ref><ref name="Bose141">{{Harvnb\|Bose\|2006\|p=141}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb\|Mercado\|2002\|p=78}}</ref> At the time of the fall of Rangoon, Kiani led the personnel of the Indian National Army and the Azad Hind Government who, along with Bose, marched to [[Bangkok]].<ref name="Bose141" /> After [[Death of Subhas Chandra Bose\|Bose flew to Tokyo in August 1945]], Kiani surrendered to the British 5th Division at [[Singapore]] on 25 August 1945 as the commander of the INA, along with the rest of his troops.{{sfn\|Bose\|2006\|p=143}} He was repatriated to India and interned until 1946, before being cashiered and discharged from the British Indian Army.{{sfn\|Bose\|2006\|p=144}}

	== Poonch Rebellion ==		== Poonch Rebellion ==
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	Following the [[Partition of India]], Kiani returned to Rawalpindi after the [[Partition of India\|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947.		Following the [[Partition of India]], Kiani returned to Rawalpindi after the [[Partition of India\|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947.

	In September 1947, the Pakistani prime minister [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] and the Punjabi minister [[Shaukat Hayat Khan]] put him in charge of the southern wing of the Pakistan's effort to overthrow the [[Hari Singh\|Maharaja]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. General Kiani established a General Headquarters, GHQ Azad, based in [[Gujrat City]]. From here, Kiani's forces organised raiding operations on [[Kashmir]] border and directed the Kashmiri rebels in [[Poonch jagir\|Poonch]], eventually leading to the formation of [[~~Azad~~ Kashmir]]. Brigadier [[Raja Habib ur Rahman Khan\|Habibur Rehman]] served as his chief of staff.		In September 1947, the Pakistani prime minister [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] and the Punjabi minister [[Shaukat Hayat Khan]] put him in charge of the southern wing of the Pakistan's effort to overthrow the [[Hari Singh\|Maharaja]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. General Kiani established a General Headquarters, GHQ Azad, based in [[Gujrat City]]. From here, Kiani's forces organised raiding operations on [[Kashmir]] border and directed the Kashmiri rebels in [[Poonch jagir\|Poonch]], eventually leading to the formation of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. Brigadier [[Raja Habib ur Rahman Khan\|Habibur Rehman]] served as his chief of staff.

	== Later life ==		== Later life ==
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	==Sources==		==Sources==
	* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC \|year=2006 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}		* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC \|year=2006 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}
	* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=His Majesty's Opponent \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 \|year=2011 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 \|ref={{sfnref\|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent\|~~2011~~}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=His Majesty's Opponent \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 \|year=2011 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 \|ref={{sfnref\|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent\|2022}}}}
	* {{Citation \|last=Mercado \|first=Stephen C. \|year=2002 \|title=The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school. \|publisher=Brassey's. \|ISBN=1-57488-538-3}}		* {{Citation \|last=Mercado \|first=Stephen C. \|year=2002 \|title=The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school. \|publisher=Brassey's. \|ISBN=1-57488-538-3}}
	* {{citation \|last=Nawaz \|first=Shuja \|title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ \|year=2008 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 \|ref={{sfnref \|Nawaz, Crossed Swords \|~~2008~~}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Nawaz \|first=Shuja \|title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ \|year=2008 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 \|ref={{sfnref \|Nawaz, Crossed Swords \|2022}}}}
	* {{citation \|last=Saraf \|first=Muhammad Yusuf \|title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 \|year=2015 \|origyear=first published 1979 by Ferozsons \|publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies \|location=Mirpur \|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3541 \|via=archive.org \|ref={{sfnref\|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2\|~~2015~~}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Saraf \|first=Muhammad Yusuf \|title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 \|year=2015 \|origyear=first published 1979 by Ferozsons \|publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies \|location=Mirpur \|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3541 \|via=archive.org \|ref={{sfnref\|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2\|2022}}}}

	== External links ==		== External links ==

->Kautilya3: Adding/improving reference(s)

2021-10-16T20:05:27Z

Adding/improving reference(s)

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:35, 17 October 2021
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	== Early life ==		== Early life ==
	Mohammad Zaman Kiani was born in the village of [[~~Atyal~~]] in the [[Rawalpindi District]], now part of [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]].{{sfnp\|Nawaz, Crossed Swords\|2008\|loc=p. 25, note 49}}		Mohammad Zaman Kiani was born in the village of [[Shakarparian]] in the [[Rawalpindi District]], now part of [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]].{{sfnp\|Nawaz, Crossed Swords\|2008\|loc=p. 25, note 49}}

	A keen [[field hockey\|hockey]] player in his youth, Kiani joined the [[British Indian Army]] in 1931 at the [[Indian Military Academy]] at [[Dehra Dun]]. He won the Sword of Honour & Gold Medal for the most outstanding Cadet in 1935 from the Indian Military Academy, and was commissioned in the 1st Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment as a Second Lieutenant.		A keen [[field hockey\|hockey]] player in his youth, Kiani joined the [[British Indian Army]] in 1931 at the [[Indian Military Academy]] at [[Dehra Dun]]. He won the Sword of Honour & Gold Medal for the most outstanding Cadet in 1935 from the Indian Military Academy, and was commissioned in the 1st Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment as a Second Lieutenant.
Line 52:		Line 52:

	==Sources==		==Sources==
	* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC~~&pg=PA73~~ \|year=~~2009~~ \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}		* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC \|year=2006 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}
	* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=His Majesty's Opponent \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 \|year=2011 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 \|ref={{sfnref\|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent\|2011}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Bose \|first=Sugata \|title=His Majesty's Opponent \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 \|year=2011 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 \|ref={{sfnref\|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent\|2011}}}}
	* {{Citation		* {{Citation \|last=Mercado \|first=Stephen C. \|year=2002 \|title=The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school. \|publisher=Brassey's. \|ISBN=1-57488-538-3}}
	\| last = Mercado
	\| first = Stephen C.
	\| year = 2002
	\| title = The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school.
	\| publisher = Brassey's.
	\| ISBN = 1-57488-538-3
	}}
	* {{citation \|last=Nawaz \|first=Shuja \|title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ \|year=2008 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 \|ref={{sfnref \|Nawaz, Crossed Swords \|2008}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Nawaz \|first=Shuja \|title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ \|year=2008 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 \|ref={{sfnref \|Nawaz, Crossed Swords \|2008}}}}
	* {{citation \|last=Saraf \|first=Muhammad Yusuf \|title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 \|year=2015 \|~~orig-year~~=first published 1979 by Ferozsons \|publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies \|location=Mirpur \|ref={{sfnref\|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2\|2015}}}}		* {{citation \|last=Saraf \|first=Muhammad Yusuf \|title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 \|year=2015 \|origyear=first published 1979 by Ferozsons \|publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies \|location=Mirpur \|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3541 \|via=archive.org \|ref={{sfnref\|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2\|2015}}}}

	== External links ==		== External links ==

imported>Ben Ben: v2.04 - Fix errors for CW project (Nowiki tag without correct match)

2021-05-15T14:38:39Z

v2.04 - Fix errors for CW project (Nowiki tag without correct match)

New page

{{Use Pakistani English|date=February 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mohammed Zaman Kiani
| image = File:Mohammed_Zaman_Kiani.jpg
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1981|6|4|1910|10|1}}
| birth_date = 1 October 1910
| birth_place = Tyal Village, [[Rawalpindi]], [[British Raj|British India]] (Now [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]])
| office1 = [[Minister of Information and Broadcasting (Pakistan)|Pakistani Minister of Information]]
| death_place = He died in kashmir House and is buried in pariyan graveyard islamabad
| rank = [[Major General]]
| allegiance = {{flag|British Raj}}<br>{{flagdeco|India|1931}} [[Azad Hind|Free India]]<br>{{flag|Pakistan}}
| battles = [[World War II]]
*[[Battle of Malaya]]
*[[Burma Campaign]]
| alma_mater = [[Indian Military Academy]]
| leader1 = [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]
}}

Major General '''Mohammed Zaman Kiani''' (1 October 1910 – 4 June 1981) was an officer of the [[British Indian Army]] who later joined the [[Indian National Army]], led by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]], and commanded its 1st Division. He earned the Sword of Honour from the Indian Military Academy, and joined 14/1 Punjab Regiment (now 5 Punjab, in the Pakistan Army).

After Indian independence, Kiani moved to Pakistan, he served as political agent of Gilgit Agency and also remained Minister of Information in [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]]'s government. His contributions to the Azad Hind were later acknowledged and he was awarded with Netaji Medal posthumously by the Indian Government.

== Early life ==
Mohammad Zaman Kiani was born in the village of [[Atyal]] in the [[Rawalpindi District]], now part of [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]].{{sfnp|Nawaz, Crossed Swords|2008|loc=p. 25, note 49}}

A keen [[field hockey|hockey]] player in his youth, Kiani joined the [[British Indian Army]] in 1931 at the [[Indian Military Academy]] at [[Dehra Dun]]. He won the Sword of Honour & Gold Medal for the most outstanding Cadet in 1935 from the Indian Military Academy, and was commissioned in the 1st Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment as a Second Lieutenant.

== Second World War and the Azad Hind ==
In March 1941 the 1st Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment was sent to Malaya and he fought in the [[Battle of Malaya]] during [[World War II]] and was taken prisoner of war. He later joined the [[First Indian National Army]] (INA), when it was formed in 1942 under the command of [[Mohan Singh (general)|Mohan Singh]]. After this army collapsed due to disagreements with the Japanese, the [[Indian Independence League]] placed Kiani as Army Commander of the remains, with [[Jaganath Rao Bhonsle]] as Director of the Military Bureau.<ref>{{cite book|author=Shah Nawaz Khan|author-link=Shah Nawaz Khan (general)|title=My Memories of I.N.A. & Its Netaji|year=1946|publisher=Rajkamal Publications|pages=60–62}}</ref> After the arrival of [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] in 1943 and the revival of the [[Indian National Army]], as well as the proclamation of the [[Azad Hind|Free India]] government, Kiani was appointed the commander of the first division, who he led during the [[Operation U-Go|invasion of India]] in 1944.<ref>{{cite book|author=Shah Nawaz Khan|author-link=Shah Nawaz Khan (general)|title=My Memories of I.N.A. & Its Netaji|year=1946|publisher=Rajkamal Publications|pages=247–248}}</ref><ref name=Bose141>{{Harvnb|Bose|2006|p=141}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Mercado|2002|p=78}}</ref> At the time of the fall of Rangoon, Kiani led the personnel of the [[Indian National Army]] and the Azad Hind Government who, along with Bose, marched to [[Bangkok]].<ref name=Bose141/> After [[Death of Subhas Chandra Bose|Bose flew to Tokyo in August 1945]], Kiani surrendered to the British 5th Division at [[Singapore]] on 25 August 1945 as the commander of the INA, along with the rest of his troops.{{sfn|Bose|2006|p=143}} He was repatriated to [[British India|India]] and interned until 1946, before being cashiered and discharged from the British Indian Army.{{sfn|Bose|2006|p=144}}

== Poonch Rebellion ==
{{Main|1947 Poonch Rebellion}}

Following the [[Partition of India]], Kiani returned to Rawalpindi after the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947.

In September 1947, the Pakistani prime minister [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] and the Punjabi minister [[Shaukat Hayat Khan]] put him in charge of the southern wing of the Pakistan's effort to overthrow the [[Hari Singh|Maharaja]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. General Kiani established a General Headquarters, GHQ Azad, based in [[Gujrat City]]. From here, Kiani's forces organised raiding operations on [[Kashmir]] border and directed the Kashmiri rebels in [[Poonch jagir|Poonch]], eventually leading to the formation of [[Azad Kashmir]]. Brigadier [[Raja Habib ur Rahman Khan|Habibur Rehman]] served as his chief of staff.

== Later life ==
Kiani was later appointed the political agent of the [[Government of Pakistan]] at [[Gilgit]].{{sfn|Bose|2006|p=144}} He wrote his memoirs while in retirement in Rawalpindi. They were published after his death:
* {{Citation
| last = Kiani
| first = M. Z.
| year = 1994
| title = India's Freedom Struggle and The Great INA - Memoirs of Maj Gen Mohammad Zaman Kiani Foreword by Sisir Kumar Bose.
| publisher = Reliance Publishing House, New Delhi
| ISBN = 81-85972-04-4
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{citation |last=Bose |first=Sugata |title=A Hundred Horizons: The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPpZJDc6LIMC&pg=PA73 |year=2009 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-02857-9}}
* {{citation |last=Bose |first=Sugata |title=His Majesty's Opponent |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-pfHRAD03AC&pg=PA324 |year=2011 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-04754-9 |ref={{sfnref|Bose, His Majesty's Opponent|2011}}}}
* {{Citation
| last = Mercado
| first = Stephen C.
| year = 2002
| title = The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army's elite intelligence school.
| publisher = Brassey's.
| ISBN = 1-57488-538-3
}}
* {{citation |last=Nawaz |first=Shuja |title=Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKyfAAAAMAAJ |year=2008 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-547660-6 |ref={{sfnref |Nawaz, Crossed Swords |2008}}}}
* {{citation |last=Saraf |first=Muhammad Yusuf |title=Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2 |year=2015 |orig-year=first published 1979 by Ferozsons |publisher=National Institute Kashmir Studies |location=Mirpur |ref={{sfnref|Saraf, Kashmiris Fight for Freedom, Volume 2|2015}}}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071006231539/http://soc.world-journal.net/indianoceansb2.html Extract from Sugata Bose, ''A Hundred Horizons''], world-journal.net, archived on 6 October 2007.

{{Azad Hind Fauj}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kiani, Mohammed Zaman}}
[[Category:Indian National Army personnel]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Azad Hind]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:People from Karachi]]
[[Category:Indian Military Academy alumni]]
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1981 deaths]]
[[Category:People of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947]]
[[Category:People of the 1947 Kashmir conflict]]