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{{short description|Egyptian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox Minister
| image =
| imagesize =
| office = Minister of State for Local Development
| primeminister = [[Hisham Qandil]]
| predecessor= [[Ahmed Abdeen]]
| successor = [[Adel Labib]]
| term_start =5 January 2012
| term_end = 4 July 2013
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1951|2|14|df=y}}
| birth_place = Kafr Mansha Qiwisna
| death_date =
| death_place =
| restingplace =
| party = [[Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)|Freedom and Justice Party]]
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[Menoufia University]] <br/>[[Colorado State University]]
| spouse =
| nationality = Egyptian
| children = }}
'''Mohammed Ali Beshr''' (also, '''Bishr'''; {{lang-ar|محمد على بشر}}  {{IPA-arz|mæˈħæmmæd ˈʕæli beʃɾ, bɪʃɾ|lang}}; born 14 February 1951) is an Egyptian politician who served as minister of state for local development from 5 January to 4 July 2013. He is one of the prominent figures of [[Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt|the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt]].

==Early life and education==
Beshr was born in Kafr Mansha Qiwisna, Menoufia Governorate in Egypt, on 14 February 1951.<ref name=ikhwanmisr>{{cite web|title=Profiles of Some of MB Members Referred to Militarily Courts|url=http://ikhwanmisr.net/print.php?id=2454|publisher=Ikhwan Mısr|accessdate=3 February 2013|date=11 February 2007|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221164832/http://ikhwanmisr.net/print.php?id=2454|archive-date=21 February 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> He holds a bachelor's degree in engineering, which he received from [[Menoufia University]] in 1974.<ref name=ikhwanmisr/> He also obtained a master's degree in power engineering from Shebeen Al Koum Menoufia University in 1979 and a PhD from [[Colorado State University]] in 1984.<ref name=iweb7/>

==Career==
Beshr is an academic. He worked at Menoufia University and Shebeen Al Koum Menoufia University.<ref name=iweb7/> He joined the Muslim Brotherhood in 1979, and served as head of the students affairs committee, professionals committee and the administrative development committee of the group.<ref name=iweb7/> Later he became a member of the Muslim Brotherhood shura council and one of the leaders of the group.<ref>{{cite news|author=Mohamed Hossam Eddin|title=Sunday’s papers: A little more Shater with your Morsy?|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/sunday-s-papers-little-more-shater-your-morsy|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Egypt Independent|date=8 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Who's Who in Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood|url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/whos-who-in-the-muslim-brotherhood|publisher=The Washington Institute|accessdate=3 February 2013|author=Eric Trager|author2=Katie Kiraly |author3=Cooper Klose|author4=Eliot Calhoun|date=September 2012}}</ref> In addition, he was charged with the Brotherhood's activities in the engineers syndicates beginning in 1997.<ref name=baki1113/> Beshr was also a member of the Brotherhood's guidance office until 2008.<ref name=dnewsegeypt/>

From 1990 to 1995 Beshr served as the parliament member of Menoufiya's first district.<ref name=baki1113/> He was a member of the Egypt's [[Constituent Assembly of Egypt|Constituent Assembly]] in 2012, which was responsible for drafting a new constitution.<ref>{{cite news|title=Constituent Assembly|url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/en/LastPage.aspx?Category_ID=1255|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Egypt State Information Service}}</ref> In July 2012, Beshr was named as the deputy rapporteur of the assembly's government committee.<ref name=almasry>{{cite news|author=Ahmed Almasry|title=Constituent Assembly committee heads named, Islamists dominate|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/constituent-assembly-committee-heads-named-islamists-dominate|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Egypt Independent|date=2 July 2012|agency=Almasry Alyoum}}</ref> On 4 September 2012, Beshr was appointed governor of [[Menoufia]].<ref name=baki1113>{{cite journal|author=Mohamed Abdel Baky|title=Meet the new governors|journal=Al Ahram Weekly|date=6–12 September 2012|volume=1113|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2012/1113/eg3.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106063724/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2012/1113/eg3.htm|archive-date=6 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=President Morsi Appoints Ten New Provincial Governors Across Egypt|url=http://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=30276|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Ikhwan Web|date=5 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Eric Tragger|title=What Every American Should Know About Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood – Lecture|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/22012013-what-every-american-should-know-about-egypts-muslim-brotherhood-lecture/|accessdate=3 February 2013|work=Eurasia Review|date=22 January 2013|agency=Foreign Policy Research Institute|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124212133/http://www.eurasiareview.com/22012013-what-every-american-should-know-about-egypts-muslim-brotherhood-lecture/|archive-date=24 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

He was appointed minister of state for local development in a reshuffle to the cabinet headed by [[Hisham Qandil]] on 5 January 2013.<ref name=fouly>{{cite news|author=Mahmoud Fouly|title=Egypt's 10-minister cabinet reshuffle meets with opposition dissatisfaction|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-01/07/c_132084440.htm|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Xinhua|date=6 January 2013|location=Cairo|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127032951/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-01/07/c_132084440.htm|archivedate=27 November 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He replaced [[Ahmed Abdeen]] as minister.<ref>{{cite news|title=Egypt's new ministers sworn in|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-01/06/c_132084283.htm|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Xinhua|date=6 January 2013|location=Cairo}}</ref> Beshr is one of the eight members of [[Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)|the Freedom and Justice Party]] serving in the cabinet.<ref name=fouly/> He and other FJP members in the cabinet resigned from office on 4 July 2013 following [[2013 coup in Egypt|the 2013 coup]] in Egypt.<ref>{{cite news|title=Egypt Brotherhood ministers present official resignations|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/75724/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-Brotherhood-ministers-present-official-resig.aspx|accessdate=18 July 2013|newspaper=Ahram Online|date=4 July 2013}}</ref> His term officially ended on 17 July 2013 when an interim government was formed.<ref name=abi16jul>{{cite news|author=Abigail Hauslohner|title=Interim Egyptian cabinet sworn in|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/deadly-clashes-erupt-in-cairo-after-us-diplomats-visit/2013/07/16/8fef7e1c-edff-11e2-9008-61e94a7ea20d_story.html|accessdate=16 July 2013|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=16 July 2013|location=Cairo}}</ref>

==Arrest==
Beshr was arrested by the Egyptian forces in 1999.<ref name=iweb7/> After tried in military court, he was sentenced to three years in prison due to being a member of the Brotherhood.<ref name=iweb7>{{cite news|title=Dr. Mohamed Ali Bishr, Life Full of Achievements|url=http://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=2674|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Ikhwan Web|date=14 January 2007}}</ref><ref name=dnewsegeypt>{{cite news|author=Khalil Al Anani|title=The Muslim Brotherhood’s Internal Elections|url=http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2008/06/03-muslim-brotherhood-alanani|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Daily News Egypt|date=3 June 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ministerial portfolios|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Print/951.aspx|accessdate=3 February 2013|newspaper=Weekly Ahram|date=9 January 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111002547/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Print/951.aspx|archivedate=11 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He was freed on 8 October 2002.<ref name=ikhwanmisr/> In 2006, he was detained again together with forty other Brotherhood's supporters due to similar reasons.<ref name=baki1113/>

==Personal life==
Beshr is married and has three children.<ref name=iweb7/>

==References==
{{Reflist|33em}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beshr, Mohammed Ali}}
[[Category:20th-century Egyptian engineers]]
[[Category:21st-century Egyptian engineers]]
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Colorado State University alumni]]
[[Category:Egyptian academics]]
[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members]]
[[Category:Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt) politicians]]
[[Category:Local Development ministers of Egypt]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Egypt)]]
[[Category:Members of the Egyptian Constituent Assembly of 2012]]
[[Category:Qandil Cabinet]]

Mohammed Ali Beshr - Revision history

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