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</table>->Vif12vfhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mlechchha_dynasty&diff=164610&oldid=previmported>ShakespeareFan00 at 08:32, 24 August 20212021-08-24T08:32:12Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{about||the ancient pejorative term for foreign people in India|Mleccha}}<br />
{{use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}<br />
{{use Indian English|date=November 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox country<br />
|image_map = Kamarupa map.png <br />
|image_map_caption = Kamarupa Map<br />
| native_name = Mlechchha dynasty<br />
| conventional_long_name = Kamarupa Kingdom<br />
| common_name = Mlechchha dynasty<br />
| era = [[Middle kingdoms of India|Classical India]]<br />
| year_start = 650 CE<br />
| year_end = 900 CE<br />
| p1 = Varman dynasty<br />
| s1 = Pala dynasty (Kamarupa)<br />
| capital = Harruppesvar (present-day [[Tezpur]])<br />
| religion = [[Polytheism]]<br />
| government_type = Monarchy<br />
| leader1 = Salasthamba<br />
| year_leader1 = c. 650 - c. 670<br />
| leader2 = Harjjaravarman<br />
| year_leader2 = c. 815 – c. 832<br />
| leader3 = Tyagasimha<br />
| year_leader3 = c. 890 – c. 900<br />
| title_leader = Maharajadhiraja<br />
| demonym = <br />
| area_km2 = <br />
| area_rank = <br />
| GDP_PPP = <br />
| GDP_PPP_year = <br />
| HDI = <br />
| HDI_year = <br />
| today = <br />
}}<br />
{{Kamarupa}}<br />
{{Assam History}}<br />
[[File:Kamakhya_Guwahati.JPG|thumb|260px|right|<div style="text-align: center;">'' [[Kamakhya Temple]] is the central shrine of Kamarupa''<ref name="shin2010-mlecchas">{{harvcol|Shin|2010|p=8}}"Along with the inscriptional and literary evidence, the archaeological remains of the Kamakhya temple, which stands on top of the Nilacala, testify that the Mlecchas gave a significant impetus to construct or reconstruct the Kamakhya temple."</ref></div>]]<br />
<br />
The '''Mlechchha dynasty''' (c. 650 - 900) ruled [[Kamarupa]] from their capital at Harruppesvar in present-day [[Tezpur]], [[Assam]], after the fall of the [[Varman dynasty]].<ref>{{Harvcol|Sen|1999|p=P.304}}</ref> According to historical records, there were twenty one rulers in this dynasty, but the line is obscure and names of some intervening rulers are not known.<ref name=":0">{{Harvcol|Ray|1931|p=242}}</ref><br />
<br />
Like all other Kamarupa dynasties, a semi-mythical lineage from [[Narakasura]] was constructed to accord legitimacy to their rule.{{sfn|Shin|2011|pp=183}} The Mlechchha dynasty in Kamarupa was followed by the [[Pala dynasty (Kamarupa)|Pala kings]].<br />
<br />
== Sources ==<br />
Salasthambha is first mentioned in an inscription 175 years into the rule of the dynasty.<ref>{{harvcol|Sircar|1990|p=125}}</ref> <br />
<br />
The Hayunthal Copper Plates, dated to the middle of 9th Century CE, mentions multiple kings from the dynasty in a chronological fashion — Salastamba, Vijaya, Palaka, Kumara, Vajradeva, Harsavarman, Balavarman, [unnamed], Harjaravarman, and Vanamala.{{sfn|Sharma|1978|pp=89,93}} The Tejpur Copper Plates (since lost), roughly dated to the same spans, primarily chronicles Vanamala — other rulers like Pralambha, and Harjaravarman are mentioned.{{sfn|Sharma|1978|pp=89,93}} The Parbatiya Copper Plates, again roughly dated to the middle of 9th Century CE, chronicles Vanamala.{{sfn|Sharma|1978|pp=89,93}}<br />
<br />
==Origins and etymology==<br />
It is not clear how Salasthambha, the first of this dynasty, came to power.<ref>"(W)hen exactly Salasthambha occupied (the throne of Kamarupa) and under what circumstances cannot be determined in the present state of insufficient information." {{harvcol|Sircar|1990|p=122}} </ref> <br />
<br />
[[Suniti Kumar Chatterji]] as well [[Dineshchandra Sircar]] propose that Salastambha was a [[Bodo-Kachari peoples|Bodo-Kachari]] chief of [[Mech tribe|Mech]], which was later sanskritized to Mleccha;<ref>{{harvcol|Chatterji|1951|pp=97}}The distinct mention of Sala-stambha as being a lord of the Mlecchas, as in the Bargaon copper-plate of the 19th century, would appear to make it clear that he was a Bodo chief of the Mèch tribe (Sanskritised as Mlēccha), who followed Bhaskara-varman in assuming the rulership of Assam</ref><ref>{{Harvcol|Shin|2011|p=178}} According to D.C. Sircar, 'Mleccha' may be sanskritized form of tribal name 'mech'</ref> an inscription from the reign of a king from the later Pala dynasty claims him to be a ''mlecchādhināth'' (Lord of The Mlecchas).<ref>"Salasthambha is called ''mlecchādhinath'' or lord of the Mlecchas in Ratnapalal's grant of the first half of the 10th century." {{harvcol|Sircar|1990|p=124}}</ref> An illegible explanation of their's being called [[Mleccha|mlecchas]] was provided over the Hayunthal Plates, too.{{sfn|Sharma|1978|pp=89,93}} <br />
Symbolically, Mleccha designation could mean suppression of Vedic Brahmanical religion and the predominance of tantric vamacara practised by saivites and saktas. So, Ethnic identity of salastambha family could be same as Varmans but came to be known as mlecchas.{{sfn|Sharma|1978|p=35}} <br />
<br />
According to some historians, the remnant of the Mlechchha kingdom formed the later [[Kachari kingdom]].<ref>{{Harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1992|p=393}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Rulers==<br />
The grants of [[Ratna Pala|Ratnapala]] give the list of 21 kings from Salastambha to his line. <ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
* Salastamba (650-670)<br />
* Vijaya alias Vigrahastambha<br />
* Palaka<br />
* Kumara<br />
* Vajradeva<br />
* Harshadeva alias Harshavarman (725-745)<br />
* Balavarman II<br />
* Jivaraja<br />
* Digleswaravarman<br />
* Salambha<ref>Pralambha, read from the Tezpur plates, can be corrected to Salambha, in light of the Parbatiya plates, {{harv|Sarma|1978|p=105}}</ref><br />
* Harjjaravarman (815-832)<br />
* Vanamalavarmadeva (832-855)<br />
* Jayamala alias Virabahu (855-860)<br />
* Balavarman III (860-880)<br />
* Tyagasimha (890-900)<br />
<br />
<br />
==References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography ==<br />
{{refbegin|}}<br />
* {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wg6MDwAAQBAJ|last=Urban|first=Hugh |title=The Power of Tantra: Religion, Sexuality and the Politics of South Asian Studies|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2009|isbn=9780857715869}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Shin |first1=Jae-Eun |year=2010 |title=Yoni, Yoginis and Mahavidyas : Feminine Divinities from Early Medieval Kamarupa to Medieval Koch Behar |journal=Studies in History |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–29 |doi=10.1177/025764301002600101 |s2cid=155252564 }}<br />
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ECxUOSudNGYC|title=History of the Koch Kingdom, C. 1515-1615|last=Nath|first=D.|publisher=Mittal Publications|year=1989|isbn=9788170991090}}<br />
* {{citation |type=book |last=Baruah |first=S L |title=A Comprehensive History of Assam |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers |place=New Delhi |year=1986}}<br />
* {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39542|title=Dynastic History Of Northern India Vol. 1|last=Ray|first=H.C.|publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.|year=1931|location=New Delhi}}<br />
*{{Citation <br />
|last=Bhattacharjee <br />
|first=J. B.<br />
|contribution=The Kachari state formation |editor-last=Barpujari<br />
|editor-first=H. K.<br />
|title=The Comprehensive History of Assam<br />
|volume=2<br />
|pages=391–397<br />
|publisher=Assam Publication Board<br />
|place=Guwahati<br />
|year=1992<br />
}}<br />
* {{Citation<br />
|last=Sharma<br />
|first= M M<br />
|title=Inscriptions of Ancient Assam<br />
|place=Guwahati<br />
|year=1978<br />
|publisher=Gauhati University<br />
|url=https://archive.org/details/inscriptionsofancientassammmsharmagauhatiuniversity1978c<br />
}}<br />
* {{Citation<br />
|last=Sircar<br />
|first= D. C.<br />
|contribution=The Mlechchha Dynasty of Salasthambha<br />
|editor-last=Barpujari<br />
|editor-first=H. K.<br />
|title=The Comprehensive History of Assam<br />
|volume=1<br />
|place=Guwahati<br />
|year=1990<br />
|publisher=Assam Publication Board<br />
}}<br />
*{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.32096|title=Kirata-Jana-Krti|last=Chatterji|first=S.K|publisher=The Asiatic Society|year=1951|location=Calcutta}}<br />
*{{Cite journal|last=Shin|first=Jae Eun|date=2011|title=Changing Dynasties, Enduring Genealogy: A Critical Study on the Political Legitimation in Early Medieval Kāmarūpa|url=https://www.academia.edu/13609819|journal=Journal of Ancient Indian History|volume=27|pages=173–187}}<br />
*{{Cite book|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|last=Sen|first=S.N.|publisher=New Age International|year=1999|isbn=9788122411980}}{{refend}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Dynasties of India]]<br />
[[Category:People from Kamarupa]]</div>imported>ShakespeareFan00