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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Large 18-century astronomical instruments in India}}<br />
{{italic title}}{{One source|date=September 2023}}[[File:Jantar Mantar, New Delhi (Misra Yantra).jpg|300px|thumb|right|Mishra Yantra at Jantar Mantar, New Delhi]]<br />
'''Mishra Yantra''' is an instrument in [[Jantar Mantar]] constructed between 1724 and 1730. A total of five Jantar mantars were constructed across North India in [[Jaipur]], [[Delhi–Mumbai Expressway|Delhi]], [[Ujjain]], [[Varanasi]], and [[Mathura]]. They are one of the four [[Astronomy|astronomical]] [[Scientific instrument|instrument]]s of the [[Jantar Mantar (Delhi)|Jantar Mantar]] [[observatory]] located in [[New Delhi, India]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sharma |first=Virendra Nath |year=1994 |title=Míshra Yantra of the Delhi observatory |journal=Indian Journal of History of Science |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=477–487 |issn=0019-5235 }}</ref> Each instrument at Jantar Mantar are architecturally constructed based on mathematical observations, and help calculate celestial objects and time. The ''Mishra Yantra (mixed instrument)'', is a compilation of five different instruments).{{refn|group=note|The four instruments of Jantar Mantar are Samrat Yantra (a large [[sundial]] for calculating time), Jay Prakash Yantra (2 [[Lens (optics)#Types of simple lenses|concave]] [[hemispherical]] structures, used to ascertain the position of Sun and other heavenly bodies), Ram Yantra (two large [[cylindrical]] structures with open top, used to measure the altitude of stars based on the [[latitude]] and the [[longitude]] on the earth). }}<br />
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== Historical and cultural importance ==<br />
The Mishra (composite) Yantra is composed of five instruments. This Yantra is one of the special instruments in Delhi observatory. It is believed to have been constructed by Maharaja Madho Singh (1751–68), the son of Maharaja [[Sawai Jai Singh|Sawai Jai Singh II]]. The five yantras are the Dakshinottar Bhitti, Samrat Yantra (a smaller version of the large sundial, attached to Mishra Yantra, in two halves), Niyat Chakra, Kark Rashivalaya, and the Western Quadrant.<br />
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The Dakshinottar Bhitti was built in the Jaipur, Ujjain, Varanasi and Mathura observatories. It is a modified version of the Portable Meridian Dial present in [[Greeks|Greek]], [[Arab (etymology)|Arabic]], [[Hindu]] and [[Ethnic groups in Europe|Europe]]an systems. The Dakshinottar Bhitti of the Mishra Yantra is in the form of a graduated semicircle located on the eastern wall.<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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== References ==<br />
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[[Category:Archaeoastronomy]]</div>AMARENDRA NATH ROY