https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Mirza_Muhammad_HakimMirza Muhammad Hakim - Revision history2026-09-01T14:39:03ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mirza_Muhammad_Hakim&diff=154179&oldid=previmported>Narky Blert: Link to DAB page repaired2021-04-04T07:15:29Z<p>Link to DAB page repaired</p>
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{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Mirza Muhammad Hakim<br />
|title=[[Shahzada (title)|Shahzada]] of [[Mughal Empire]]| birth_name = 29 April 1553<br />
| birth_place = [[Kabul]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br>(now [[Afghanistan]])<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1585|10|10|1553|4|29|df=yes}}<br />
| death_place =<br />
| burial_place=<br />
| spouse = Daughter of Sulaiman Shah Mirza of [[Badakhshan]]<br />
| issue = Afrasiyab Mirza<br>Qaiqubad Mirza<br>Kabuli Begum<br />
| house = [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]]<br />
| father = [[Humayun]]<br />
| mother = [[Mah Chuchak Begum]]<br />
|religion=[[Sunni Islam]]}}<br />
'''[[Shah#Shahzada|Shahzada]] Mirza Muhammad Hakim''' (29 April 1553 – 10 October 1585{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}), sometimes known simply as '''Mirza Hakim''', short: '''[[Mirza]]''', was the second son of [[Mughal emperor]] [[Humayun]]. He ruled [[Kabul]] in [[Afghanistan]], and often conflicted with his elder brother emperor [[Akbar]]. Mirza Hakim later on mended ways with Emperor Akbar. He is the son of [[Mah Chuchak Begum]]. He is known for writing [[Tajdar-e-Haram]] (King of the Sanctuary).{{citation needed|date=April 2018}}<br />
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==Invasion of Kafiristan==<br />
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Per ''Tabakat-i-Akbari'' of [[Nizamuddin Ahmad]], [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Akbar]] had dispatched Hakim, who was a staunch adherent of the missionary-minded [[Naqshbandi]] [[Sufism|Sufi]] order, against the infidels of Katwar in 1582.<ref name=Pellat>{{cite book|title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume IV|editor1=C. E. Bosworth|editor1-link=C. E. Bosworth |editor2=E. Van Donzel|editor3=Bernard Lewis|editor3-link=Bernard Lewis|editor4=Charles Pellat|editor4-link=Charles Pellat|page=409|publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]]}}</ref> Hakim was a semi-independent governor of Kabul.<ref name="Ğihād">{{cite journal|journal=Israel Oriental Studies|volume=10|page=153|publisher=[[Tel Aviv University]]|author=C. E. Bosworth|author-link=C. E. Bosworth|title=Ğihād in Afghanistan and Muslim India}}</ref> The ''Sifat-nama-yi Darviš Muhammad Hān-i Ğāzī'' of [[Qadi|Kadi]] Muhammad Salim who accompanied the expedition mentions its details.<ref name=Pellat/> The ''Sifat-nama'' gives Muhammad Hakim the epithet of ''[[Dervish|Darviš]] Khan Gazi''.<ref name="Ğihād"/><br />
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Muhammad Darvish's religious crusade fought its way from [[Laghman Province|Laghman]] to [[Alishang]], and is stated to have conquered and converted 66 valleys to Islam. After conquering Tajau and Nijrau valleys in Panjshir area, the crusaders established a fort at Islamabad at confluence of Alishang and [[Alingar River|Alingar]] rivers. They continued the raid up to Alishang and made their last effort against the non-Muslims of [[Alingar District|Alingar]], fighting up to Mangu, the modern border between [[Pashayi languages|Pashai]] and [[Askunu language|Ashkun-speaking]] areas.<ref>{{cite book|title=Gates of Peristan: history, religion and society in the Hindu Kush|publisher=Istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente|author=Alberto M. Cacopardo, Augusto S. Cacopardo|page=32}}</ref><br />
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==Rebellion==<br />
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''Akhlaq-i-Hakimi'' written by his secretary confirmed the commitment of Kabul's kingdom to the supremacy of Islam and Muslims, unlike the court of Akbar which inched towards tolerating difference and protection of people of all faiths. He also swore fealty to [[Babur]] while Akbar had embraced [[Humayun]]. By presenting himself as a contrast to Akbar, he became a focus of anti-Akbar rebels who requested him to invade and dethrone Akbar in 1566 and 1581. His invasion however met with little success as only a few north Indians supported him.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2vhbDSXbbksC&pg=PA138|title=The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504-1719|publisher= Cambridge University Press|author=Munis D. Faruqui|date=27 August 2012|page=138|isbn=9781107022171}}</ref><br />
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Hakim made a plea to Akbar's Central Asian officers to not help him occupy Kabul and instead attack the Indians in the Mughal army. His efforts however failed and Kabul was occupied. Hakim was defeated in 1582 and his prime minister [[Khwaja]] Hasan Naqshbandi was exiled by Akbar. After his death in 1585 due to alcohol poisoning, Akbar had his sons expelled to India and ended his princely appanage.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2vhbDSXbbksC&pg=PA137|title=The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504-1719|publisher= Cambridge University Press|author=Munis D. Faruqui|date=27 August 2012|pages=137, 139|isbn=9781107022171}}</ref><br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mirza Muhammad Hakim}}<br />
[[Category:1553 births]]<br />
[[Category:1585 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Mughal princes]]<br />
[[Category:Akbar]]</div>imported>Narky Blert