Mirza Ghulam Murtaza - Revision history

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	{{Infobox noble\|type		{{Infobox noble\|type
	\| name = Ghulam Murtaza		\| name = Ghulam Murtaza

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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 23 October 2022
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	{{Infobox noble\|type		{{Infobox noble\|type
	\| name = Ghulam Murtaza		\| name = Ghulam Murtaza
	\| title = [[Mirza\|''Mīrzā'']]<br>[[Rais\|''Raʾīs-i Qādiyān'']]		\| title = [[Mirza (noble)\|''Mīrzā'']]<br>[[Rais\|''Raʾīs-i Qādiyān'']]
	\| image = ~~Tomb of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Murtaza.jpg~~		\| image =
	\| caption = Tomb of Mirza Ghulam Murtaza at Qadian.		\| caption = Tomb of Mirza Ghulam Murtaza at Qadian.
	\| alt =		\| alt =
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	'''Mirza Ghulam Murtaza''' ({{lang-ur\|{{Nastaliq\|مرزا غلام مرتضى}}}}) (c.1791 – June 1876) was an Indian [[Nobility\|nobleman]], chief, military officer and physician, best known for being the father of [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]], the founder of the [[Ahmadiyya movement]]. He belonged to a family of landed ~~aristocracy~~ within the [[Mughal Empire]] that lost most of its estate to the [[Sikh Kingdom]] during the late 18th century and only a fraction of which – including [[Qadian]], the family's ancestral seat – he was able to regain from it.{{sfn\|Khan\|2015\|pp=22–23}}		'''Mirza Ghulam Murtaza''' ({{lang-ur\|{{Nastaliq\|مرزا غلام مرتضى}}}}) (c.1791 – June 1876) was an Indian [[Nobility\|nobleman]], chief, military officer and physician, best known for being the father of [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]], the founder of the [[Ahmadiyya movement]]. He belonged to a family of landed nobility within the [[Mughal Empire]] that lost most of its estate to the [[Sikh Kingdom]] during the late 18th century and only a fraction of which – including [[Qadian]], the family's ancestral seat – he was able to regain from it.{{sfn\|Khan\|2015\|pp=22–23}}

	Ghulam Murtaza was mentioned in some detail by [[Lepel Griffin\|Sir Lepel Griffin]] in ''The Panjab Chiefs'' (1865), a survey of the [[Punjab]]’s aristocracy, as a man of "considerable local influence".<ref>Sir Lepel H. Griffin (1865), [http://apnaorg.com/books/punjab-chiefs/ ''The Panjab Chiefs''], Online: apnaorg.com. pp.381-2</ref> He was married to Chiragh Bibi and had three surviving children.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=33}}		Ghulam Murtaza was mentioned in some detail by [[Lepel Griffin\|Sir Lepel Griffin]] in ''The Panjab Chiefs'' (1865), a survey of the [[Punjab]]’s aristocracy, as a man of "considerable local influence".<ref>Sir Lepel H. Griffin (1865), [http://apnaorg.com/books/punjab-chiefs/ ''The Panjab Chiefs''], Online: apnaorg.com. pp.381-2</ref> He was married to Chiragh Bibi and had three surviving children.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=33}}

	==Chief of Qadian==		==Chief of Qadian==
	Mirza Ghulam Murtaza was the son of Mirza Atta Muhammad, the chieftain (''[[Rais\|Raʾīs]]'') of the fortified village of [[Qadian]]. His predecessors had originally exercised authority over a large semi-independent territory of some sixty square miles{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=14}} comprising over seventy villages neighbouring Qadian{{sfn\|Khan\|2015\|p=22}} and had quasi-familial ties with the [[Mughal emperors]]. Atta Muhammad was entitled to a seat at the [[Durbar (court)\|Durbars]] (courts) of the Mughal emperor.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=13}} His grandfather, [[Mirza Faiz Muhammad]] was conferred the title of ''Azādud Daulah'' (Strong Arm of the Government) by the emperor [[Farrukhsiyar]] and the rank of ''Haft Hazārī'' enabling him to keep a regular force of 7,000 soldiers.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=9}}		Mirza Ghulam Murtaza was the son of Mirza Atta Muhammad, the chieftain (''[[Rais\|Raʾīs]]'') of the fortified village of [[Qadian]]. His predecessors had originally exercised authority over a large semi-independent territory of some sixty square miles{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=14}} comprising over seventy villages neighbouring Qadian{{sfn\|Khan\|2015\|p=22}} and had quasi-familial ties with the [[Mughal emperors]]. Atta Muhammad was entitled to a seat at the [[Durbar (court)\|Durbars]] (courts) of the Mughal emperor.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=13}} His grandfather, [[Mirza Faiz Muhammad]] was conferred the title of ''Azādud Daulah'' (Strong Arm of the Government) by the emperor [[Farrukhsiyar]] and the rank of ''Haft Hazārī'' enabling him to keep a regular force of 7,000 soldiers.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=9}}

	With the insurgency of the [[Misl\|Sikh Confederacy]], however, during the 18th century, the decline of the Mughals, and lacking any practical support from [[Old Delhi\|Delhi]], the family saw a steady loss of its estate until, by the time of Atta Muhammad's death, Qadian, the last remaining stronghold, had also come under the control of the Sikhs and merged within the [[Sikh Empire]]. The family was expelled and lived in a nearby village for sixteen years until, in 1818, Ghulam Murtaza was allowed by [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] to return to Qadian in exchange for military support. This he did by joining, alongside his brothers, Ranjit Singh's army and engaging in campaigns in several places. In 1834–5, a further five villages out of his ancestral estate were returned to him by Ranjit Singh.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=13–14}} During the [[Anglo-Sikh wars (disambiguation)\|Anglo-Sikh wars]], the family remained loyal to the Sikhs.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}} The wars ended, however, with a British victory resulting in the dissolution of the Sikh Empire and bringing the [[Punjab Province (British India)\|Punjab under British control in 1849]]. During the last days of the Sikh rule an abortive effort was made by some Sikhs to kill Ghulam Murtaza and his brother Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin in Basrawan near Qadian where the two had been confined by them, but they were eventually rescued by their younger brother Mirza Ghulam Haidar.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=15}}		With the insurgency of the [[Misl\|Sikh Confederacy]], however, during the 18th century, the decline of the Mughals, and lacking any practical support from [[Old Delhi\|Delhi]], the family saw a steady loss of its estate until, by the time of Atta Muhammad's death, Qadian, the last remaining stronghold, had also come under the control of the Sikhs and merged within the [[Sikh Empire]]. The family was expelled and lived in a nearby village for sixteen years until, in 1818, Ghulam Murtaza was allowed by [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] to return to Qadian in exchange for military support. This he did by joining, alongside his brothers, Ranjit Singh's army and engaging in campaigns in several places. In 1834–5, a further five villages out of his ancestral estate were returned to him by Ranjit Singh.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=13–14}} During the [[Anglo-Sikh wars (disambiguation)\|Anglo-Sikh wars]], the family remained loyal to the Sikhs.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}} The wars ended, however, with a British victory resulting in the dissolution of the Sikh Empire and bringing the [[Punjab Province (British India)\|Punjab under British control in 1849]]. During the last days of the Sikh rule an abortive effort was made by some Sikhs to kill Ghulam Murtaza and his brother Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin in Basrawan near Qadian where the two had been confined by them, but they were eventually rescued by their younger brother Mirza Ghulam Haidar.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=15}}

	Although the Punjab remained relatively peaceful during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], Muslims of the region joined the Sikhs and the Muslim tribesmen of [[Kohat]] in providing military support to the British.{{sfn\|Hardy\|1972\|p=67}} During the conflict, Ghulam Murtaza and his brother also supported the British by supplying horses and enlisting fifty [[Sowars]] (mounted troopers) in the British forces at their own expense.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=17–20}} Ghulam Ahmad and later Ahmadi authors viewed support for British rule during this period as a more favourable option for Muslims of the Punjab in contrast to the Sikh rule that preceded it.{{sfn\|Geaves\|2018\|pp=28–9}}{{sfn\|Lavan\|1974\|pp=23–4}}		Although the Punjab remained relatively peaceful during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], Muslims of the region joined the Sikhs and the Muslim tribesmen of [[Kohat]] in providing military support to the British.{{sfn\|Hardy\|1972\|p=67}} During the conflict, Ghulam Murtaza and his brother also supported the British by supplying horses and enlisting fifty [[Sowars]] (mounted troopers) in the British forces at their own expense.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}}{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=17–20}} Ghulam Ahmad and later Ahmadi authors viewed support for British rule during this period as a more favourable option for Muslims of the Punjab in contrast to the Sikh rule that preceded it.{{sfn\|Geaves\|2018\|pp=28–9}}{{sfn\|Lavan\|1974\|pp=23–4}}

	~~Subsequently,~~ Ghulam Murtaza spent much of his time and fortune trying to regain his properties through litigation in the Colonial courts but to no avail.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=23}} The British accepted his claim over Qadian and some neighboring villages, but expropriated the rest of the family's ancestral estates.{{sfn\|Griffin\|Massy\|1890\|p=50}}{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=14}} Various British generals commended, through letters, the role of Ghulam Murtaza and his brother in helping put down the rebellion{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}} and the British Government granted him an annual pension of 700 rupees.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=14}}{{sfn\|Friedmann\|2003\|p=2}}		Ghulam Murtaza spent much of his time and fortune trying to regain his properties through litigation in the Colonial courts but to no avail.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=23}} The British accepted his claim over Qadian and some neighboring villages, but expropriated the rest of the family's ancestral estates.{{sfn\|Griffin\|Massy\|1890\|p=50}}{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=14}} Various British generals commended, through letters, the role of Ghulam Murtaza and his brother in helping put down the rebellion{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}} and the British Government granted him an annual pension of 700 rupees.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=14}}{{sfn\|Friedmann\|2003\|p=2}}

	==Military career==		==Military career==
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	\| laterwork=		\| laterwork=
	}}		}}
	Ghulam Murtaza fought in several places including [[Kashmir]], [[Peshawar]] and [[Multan]].{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=13–16}} Ranjit Singh annexed Kashmir in 1819 following the [[Battle of Shopian]] and his forces took [[Peshawar]] in 1823 at the [[Battle of Nowshera]],{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=13–14}} though Ghulam Murtaza's role in these battles is unclear. In the reign of [[Sher Singh]], he was in the army command structure. In 1841, with a general he was sent to [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh\|Mandi]] and the [[Kullu Valley]]. In 1843, he was the commander of an infantry regiment which was sent to Peshawar. He also fought in [[Hazara, Pakistan\|Hazara]] in 1848 and was successful in putting down a rebellion. He also sent his men under his brother's command and quickly gained a good reputation as an able chief and commander.		Ghulam Murtaza fought in several places including [[Kashmir]], [[Peshawar]] and [[Multan]].{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=13–16}} Ranjit Singh annexed Kashmir in 1819 following the [[Battle of Shopian]] and his forces took [[Peshawar]] in 1823 at the [[Battle of Nowshera]],{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=13–14}} though Ghulam Murtaza's role in these battles is unclear. In the reign of [[Sher Singh]], he was in the army command structure. In 1841, with a general he was sent to [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh\|Mandi]] and the [[Kullu Valley]]. In 1843, he was the commander of an infantry regiment which was sent to Peshawar. He also fought in [[Hazara, Pakistan\|Hazara]] in 1848 and was successful in putting down a rebellion. He also sent his men under his brother's command and quickly gained a good reputation as an able chief and commander.

	==Family and personal life==		==Family and personal life==
	Mirza Ghulam Murtaza's ancestors shared tribal affiliation with the [[Mughal Emperors\|Mughal rulers]] of the Indian subcontinent. He had four brothers: Mirza Ghulam Muhammad; Mirza Ghulam Mustafa; Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin; and Mirza Ghulam Haidar. He was married to Chiragh Bibi, the sister of Mirza Jami'at Baig of Aima, a village in [[Hoshiarpur district\|Hoshiarpur]]. They had six or seven children (exact count unsure) several of whom died in infancy. The names of the surviving children were: Murad Begum (daughter); Mirza Ghulam Qadir (son); and Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (son). Ghulam Ahmad was born a twin with a sister named Jannat who died a few days after birth.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=33}}		Mirza Ghulam Murtaza's ancestors shared tribal affiliation with the [[Mughal Emperors\|Mughal rulers]] of the Indian subcontinent. He had four brothers: Mirza Ghulam Muhammad; Mirza Ghulam Mustafa; Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin; and Mirza Ghulam Haidar. He was married to Chiragh Bibi, the sister of Mirza Jami'at Baig of Aima, a village in [[Hoshiarpur district\|Hoshiarpur]]. They had six or seven children (exact count unsure) several of whom died in infancy. The names of the surviving children were: Murad Begum (daughter); Mirza Ghulam Qadir (son); and Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (son). Ghulam Ahmad was born a twin with a sister named Jannat who died a few days after birth.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=33}}

	Ghulam Murtaza was also a notable [[physician]], having studied medicine at [[Baghbanpura]] and [[Delhi]],{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=20}} but accepted no payment for his medical treatments.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}} He once declined an offer of an award comprising the rents of two villages by the chief of [[Batala]] in return for his medical services on the grounds that the two villages once belonged to his ancestral estate and could not be accepted in this way.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=18}} He was also a poet using as his ''[[~~nom de plume~~]]'' (''[[takhallus]]'') the name ''Tahsin''.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=22}} In his last days he built the [[Aqsa Mosque, Qadian\|Aqsa mosque]] which was oversized at the time and directed in his will that he be buried in a corner of its courtyard where his grave can still be found today.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=22–24}}		Ghulam Murtaza was also a notable [[physician]], having studied medicine at [[Baghbanpura]] and [[Delhi]],{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|p=20}} but accepted no payment for his medical treatments.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=15}} He once declined an offer of an award comprising the rents of two villages by the chief of [[Batala]] in return for his medical services on the grounds that the two villages once belonged to his ancestral estate and could not be accepted in this way.{{sfn\|Adamson\|1989\|p=18}} He was also a poet using as his [[pen name]] (''[[takhallus]]'') the name ''Tahsin''.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=22}} In his last days he built the [[Aqsa Mosque, Qadian\|Aqsa mosque]] which was oversized at the time and directed in his will that he be buried in a corner of its courtyard where his grave can still be found today.{{sfn\|Dard\|2008\|pp=22–24}}

	==See also==		==See also==
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	}}		}}

	[[Category:Indian Muslims]]		[[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]]
	[[Category:1876 deaths]]		[[Category:1876 deaths]]
	[[Category:Family of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]]		[[Category:Family of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]]

->Sirius86: punctuation

2021-10-01T22:59:36Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox noble|type
| name = Ghulam Murtaza
| title = [[Mirza|''Mīrzā'']]<br>[[Rais|''Raʾīs-i Qādiyān'']]
| image = Tomb of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Murtaza.jpg
| caption = Tomb of Mirza Ghulam Murtaza at Qadian.
| alt =
| CoA =
| more = no
| succession = Landed gentry
| reign =
| reign-type =
| predecessor = Mirza Atta Muhammad
| successor = Mirza Ghulam Qadir
| suc-type =
| spouse = Chiragh Bibi
| spouse-type =
| issue = Murad Begum<br>Ghulam Qadir<br>[[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad|Ghulam Ahmad]]
| issue-link =
| issue-pipe =
| full name =
| native_name =
| styles =
| titles =
| noble family = [[Barlas]]
| house-type =
| father = Mirza Atta Muhammad
| mother =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =c. 1791
| birth_place =
| death_date = June 1876
| death_place =
| burial_date =
| burial_place = [[Qadian]], Punjab, India
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
| occupation = [[Rais]], [[physician]], [[military personnel]]
| memorials =
| website = 
| module =
}}

'''Mirza Ghulam Murtaza''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|مرزا غلام مرتضى}}}}) (c.1791 – June 1876) was an Indian [[Nobility|nobleman]], chief, military officer and physician, best known for being the father of [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]], the founder of the [[Ahmadiyya movement]]. He belonged to a family of landed aristocracy within the [[Mughal Empire]] that lost most of its estate to the [[Sikh Kingdom]] during the late 18th century and only a fraction of which – including [[Qadian]], the family's ancestral seat – he was able to regain from it.{{sfn|Khan|2015|pp=22–23}}

Ghulam Murtaza was mentioned in some detail by [[Lepel Griffin|Sir Lepel Griffin]] in ''The Panjab Chiefs'' (1865), a survey of the [[Punjab]]’s aristocracy, as a man of "considerable local influence".<ref>Sir Lepel H. Griffin (1865), [http://apnaorg.com/books/punjab-chiefs/ ''The Panjab Chiefs''], Online: apnaorg.com. pp.381-2</ref> He was married to Chiragh Bibi and had three surviving children.{{sfn|Dard|2008|p=33}}

==Chief of Qadian==
Mirza Ghulam Murtaza was the son of Mirza Atta Muhammad, the chieftain (''[[Rais|Raʾīs]]'') of the fortified village of [[Qadian]]. His predecessors had originally exercised authority over a large semi-independent territory of some sixty square miles{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=14}} comprising over seventy villages neighbouring Qadian{{sfn|Khan|2015|p=22}} and had quasi-familial ties with the [[Mughal emperors]]. Atta Muhammad was entitled to a seat at the [[Durbar (court)|Durbars]] (courts) of the Mughal emperor.{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=13}} His grandfather, [[Mirza Faiz Muhammad]] was conferred the title of ''Azādud Daulah'' (Strong Arm of the Government) by the emperor [[Farrukhsiyar]] and the rank of ''Haft Hazārī'' enabling him to keep a regular force of 7,000 soldiers.{{sfn|Dard|2008|p=9}}

With the insurgency of the [[Misl|Sikh Confederacy]], however, during the 18th century, the decline of the Mughals, and lacking any practical support from [[Old Delhi|Delhi]], the family saw a steady loss of its estate until, by the time of Atta Muhammad's death, Qadian, the last remaining stronghold, had also come under the control of the Sikhs and merged within the [[Sikh Empire]]. The family was expelled and lived in a nearby village for sixteen years until, in 1818, Ghulam Murtaza was allowed by [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] to return to Qadian in exchange for military support. This he did by joining, alongside his brothers, Ranjit Singh's army and engaging in campaigns in several places. In 1834–5, a further five villages out of his ancestral estate were returned to him by Ranjit Singh.{{sfn|Dard|2008|pp=13–14}} During the [[Anglo-Sikh wars (disambiguation)|Anglo-Sikh wars]], the family remained loyal to the Sikhs.{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=15}} The wars ended, however, with a British victory resulting in the dissolution of the Sikh Empire and bringing the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab under British control in 1849]]. During the last days of the Sikh rule an abortive effort was made by some Sikhs to kill Ghulam Murtaza and his brother Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin in Basrawan near Qadian where the two had been confined by them, but they were eventually rescued by their younger brother Mirza Ghulam Haidar.{{sfn|Dard|2008|p=15}}

Although the Punjab remained relatively peaceful during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], Muslims of the region joined the Sikhs and the Muslim tribesmen of [[Kohat]] in providing military support to the British.{{sfn|Hardy|1972|p=67}} During the conflict, Ghulam Murtaza and his brother also supported the British by supplying horses and enlisting fifty [[Sowars]] (mounted troopers) in the British forces at their own expense.{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=15}}{{sfn|Dard|2008|pp=17–20}} Ghulam Ahmad and later Ahmadi authors viewed support for British rule during this period as a more favourable option for Muslims of the Punjab in contrast to the Sikh rule that preceded it.{{sfn|Geaves|2018|pp=28–9}}{{sfn|Lavan|1974|pp=23–4}}

Subsequently, Ghulam Murtaza spent much of his time and fortune trying to regain his properties through litigation in the Colonial courts but to no avail.{{sfn|Dard|2008|p=23}} The British accepted his claim over Qadian and some neighboring villages, but expropriated the rest of the family's ancestral estates.{{sfn|Griffin|Massy|1890|p=50}}{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=14}} Various British generals commended, through letters, the role of Ghulam Murtaza and his brother in helping put down the rebellion{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=15}} and the British Government granted him an annual pension of 700 rupees.{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=14}}{{sfn|Friedmann|2003|p=2}}

==Military career==
{{Infobox military person
| name = Mirza Ghulam Murtaza
| image=
| caption =
| birth_date=
| death_date=
| birth_place=
| death_place=
| placeofburial=
| nickname=
| allegiance=
*[[File:Sikh Empire flag.svg|25px]][[Sikh Empire]]
| branch=[[Sikh Khalsa Army|Sikh Army]]
| serviceyears= between 1818 and 1849
| rank= [[Commander]]
| commands=
| unit=
| battles=
| awards=
| laterwork=
}}
Ghulam Murtaza fought in several places including [[Kashmir]], [[Peshawar]] and [[Multan]].{{sfn|Dard|2008|pp=13–16}} Ranjit Singh annexed Kashmir in 1819 following the [[Battle of Shopian]] and his forces took [[Peshawar]] in 1823 at the [[Battle of Nowshera]],{{sfn|Dard|2008|pp=13–14}} though Ghulam Murtaza's role in these battles is unclear. In the reign of [[Sher Singh]], he was in the army command structure. In 1841, with a general he was sent to [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]] and the [[Kullu Valley]]. In 1843, he was the commander of an infantry regiment which was sent to Peshawar. He also fought in [[Hazara, Pakistan|Hazara]] in 1848 and was successful in putting down a rebellion. He also sent his men under his brother's command and quickly gained a good reputation as an able chief and commander.

==Family and personal life==
Mirza Ghulam Murtaza's ancestors shared tribal affiliation with the [[Mughal Emperors|Mughal rulers]] of the Indian subcontinent. He had four brothers: Mirza Ghulam Muhammad; Mirza Ghulam Mustafa; Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin; and Mirza Ghulam Haidar. He was married to Chiragh Bibi, the sister of Mirza Jami'at Baig of Aima, a village in [[Hoshiarpur district|Hoshiarpur]]. They had six or seven children (exact count unsure) several of whom died in infancy. The names of the surviving children were: Murad Begum (daughter); Mirza Ghulam Qadir (son); and Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (son). Ghulam Ahmad was born a twin with a sister named Jannat who died a few days after birth.{{sfn|Dard|2008|p=33}}

Ghulam Murtaza was also a notable [[physician]], having studied medicine at [[Baghbanpura]] and [[Delhi]],{{sfn|Dard|2008|p=20}} but accepted no payment for his medical treatments.{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=15}} He once declined an offer of an award comprising the rents of two villages by the chief of [[Batala]] in return for his medical services on the grounds that the two villages once belonged to his ancestral estate and could not be accepted in this way.{{sfn|Adamson|1989|p=18}} He was also a poet using as his ''[[nom de plume]]'' (''[[takhallus]]'') the name ''Tahsin''.{{sfn|Dard|2008|pp=22}} In his last days he built the [[Aqsa Mosque, Qadian|Aqsa mosque]] which was oversized at the time and directed in his will that he be buried in a corner of its courtyard where his grave can still be found today.{{sfn|Dard|2008|pp=22–24}}

==See also==
*[[Mirza Hadi Baig]]
*[[Mirza Faiz Muhammad]]
*[[Mirza Gul Muhammad]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{Cite book
|last = Adamson
|first = Iain
|author-link =
|year = 1989
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian
|publisher = Elite International Publications
|place =
|isbn = 1-85372-294-4
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_3swAAAAYAAJ
}}
* {{Cite book
|last = Dard
|first = A.R.
|author-link =
|year = 2008
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = Life of Ahmad: Founder of the Ahmadiyya Movement
|publisher = Islam International
|place = Tilford
|isbn = 978-1-85372-977-5
|url = https://www.alislam.org/library/books/Life-of-Ahmad-20080411MN.pdf
}}
* {{Cite book
|last = Friedmann
|first = Yohanan
|author-link =
|year = 2003
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|place = Oxford
|isbn = 0-19-566252-0
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rv8EAAAACAAJ&q=Prophecy+Continuous
}}
* {{Cite book
|last = Geaves
|first = Ron
|author-link = Ron Geaves
|year = 2018
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = Islam and Britain: Muslim Mission in an Age of Empire
|publisher = Bloomsbury Publishing
|place = London
|isbn = 978-1-4742-7173-8
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mMA2DwAAQBAJ
}}
* {{Cite book
|last1 = Griffin
|first1 = Lepel H.
|last2 = Massy
|first2 = Charles Francis
|author-link =
|year = 1890
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = The Panjab Chiefs
|publisher = Civil and Military Gazette Press
|place = Lahore
|isbn =
|url =https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206739
}}
* {{Cite book
|last = Hardy
|first = Peter
|author-link =
|year = 1972
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = The Muslims of British India
|publisher = cambridge University Press
|place = London
|isbn = 978-0-253-01529-7
|url =
}}
* {{Cite book
|last = Khan
|first = Adil Hussain
|author-link =
|year = 2015
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia
|publisher = Indiana University Press
|place = Bloomington
|isbn = 978-0-253-01529-7
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=C2DxBwAAQBAJ
}}
* {{Cite book
|last = Lavan
|first = Spencer
|author-link = Spencer Lavan
|year = 1974
|editor-last =
|editor-first =
|title = The Ahmadiyah movement: a history and perspective
|publisher = Manohar Book Service
|place = Delhi
|isbn =9780883864555
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5q1WAAAAMAAJ
}}

[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:1876 deaths]]
[[Category:Family of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]]
[[Category:Indian generals]]
[[Category:Indian military medical officers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian medical doctors]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Punjab, India]]