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2021-06-20T20:57:54Z

Copying from Category:17th-century Indian women to Category:17th-century Indian people non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot

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{{self-contradictory|reason=death date given as both 1644 and 1645|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox royalty
|consort = yes
|name = Mihr-un-nissa Begum
|succession = [[Empress consort]] of the [[Mughal Empire]]<br />(de facto)
|predecessor =
|successor =
|reign = 7 November 1627 - 19 January 1628
|image =
|image_size =
|caption =
|spouse = [[Shahryar Mirza]]
|full name =
|issue = Arzani Begum
|house = [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]] ''(by marriage)''
|father = [[Sher Afgan]]
|mother = [[Nur Jahan]]
|birth_date = {{circa}} 1605
|birth_place =
|death_date =
|death_place = [[Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|place of burial = [[Tomb of Nur Jahan]], [[Lahore]], [[Pakistan]]
|religion = [[Islam]]
}}
'''Mihr-un-nissa Begum''' (born {{circa}} 1605), also known as '''Ladli Begum''', was the daughter of Empress [[Nur Jahan]] and her first husband [[Sher Afgan]] of the [[Mughal Empire]]. She was the wife of Prince [[Shahryar (Mughal prince)|Shahryar Mirza]], son of Emperor [[Jahangir]].

==Early life==
Mihr-un-nissa Begum<ref>{{cite book|first=Francisco|last=Pelsaert|title=De Geschriften van Francisco Pelsaert over Mughal Indië, 1627:Kroniek en Remonstrantie|publisher=Nijhoff|date=January 1, 1979|pages=134|isbn=978-9-024-72173-3}}</ref> was the daughter of Ali Quli Beg, who held the title [[Sher Afgan Khan]].<ref>{{cite book|first=S. R.|last=Sharma|title=Mughal Empire in India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material, Volume 2|publisher=Atlantoc Publishers & Dist|date=January 1, 1999|pages=341|isbn=978-8-171-56818-5}}</ref> Her mother was Mehr-un-nissa Khanum, daughter of [[Mirza Ghiyas Beg]], also known as Itimad-ud-daula. She was also the first cousin of Emperor [[Shah Jahan]]'s wife, Empress [[Mumtaz Mahal]], the daughter of Asaf Khan.<ref>{{cite book|first=Abraham|last=Eraly|title=Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals|url=https://archive.org/details/emperorspeacockt00eral|url-access=limited|publisher=Penguin Books India|year=2000|pages=[https://archive.org/details/emperorspeacockt00eral/page/n269 268]|isbn=978-0-141-00143-2}}</ref> After Sher Afgan's death in 1607, she and her mother were summoned to [[Agra]] by Jahangir to act as ladies-in-waiting to his step-mother, Empress [[Ruqaiya Sultan Begum]], the chief wife of the late Emperor [[Akbar]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Mohammad|last=Shujauddin|first2=Razia|last2=Shujauddin|title=The Life and Times of Noor Jahan|publisher=Caravan Book House|year=1967|pages=25}}</ref> In 1611, her mother married Emperor [[Jahangir]], and became known as Empress [[Nur Jahan]] Begum.{{cn|date=September 2020}}

In 1617, Nur Jahan planned to marry Mihr-un-nissa to Prince [[Khusrau Mirza]], Jahangir's eldest son, and to re-create him the heir apparent, in place of Prince Khurram Mirza (future Emperor Shah Jahan). However, Khusrau declined their offer, because he loved his wife, the daughter of [[Mirza Aziz Koka]], who had been with him through the long years of imprisonment and blindness.{{sfn|Nicoll|2009|p=104}}

==Marriage==
When Mihr-un-nissa was about sixteen,{{sfn|Nicoll|2009|p=118}} Jahangir asked her hand in marriage for his son Shahryar. On 22 December 1620, he sent one lakh rupees in cash and goods as a sachaq to [[Mirza Ghiyas Beg]]'s quarters, which were accompanied by most of the great Amirs. A large elaborate celebration was held at Ghiyas Beg's quarters. Jahangir, accompanied by the ladies of the imperial harem, also went to his quarters.{{sfn|Jahangir|Thackston|1999|p=353}}

The marriage took place on 23 April 1621 and was performed at Ghiyas Beg's house.{{sfn|Nicoll|2009|p=118}} Here again, Jahangir, accompanied by the ladies of the imperial harem, participated in the celebrations. After eight {{transl|hi|gharis}} had elapsed of Thursday night, the wedding took place under favorable auspices.{{sfn|Jahangir|Thackston|1999|p=361}}

Muhammad Sharif Mutamid Khan, who observed the events first hand, believed that Nur Jahan's manoeuvrings were jeopardising the security of the state.{{sfn|Nicoll|2009|p=119}} On 13 September 1623, Mihr-un-nissa gave birth to the couple's only child, a daughter {{sfn|Jahangir|Thackston|1999|p=406}} named Arzani Begum.<ref>{{cite book|author=Abū al-Faz̤l ibn Mubārak|title=The Ain i Akbari - Volume 1|publisher=Rouse|year=1873|pages=311}}</ref>
[[File:Grave of Nur Jahan.jpg|thumb|Marble cenotaphs of Mihr-un-nissa and her mother Nur Jahan Begum]]
When Jahangir died, on 28 October 1627, her husband Shahryar ascended the throne at Lahore, {{sfn|Jahangir|Thackston|1999|p=457}} as her mother Nur Jahan had desired. Shah Jahan ascended the throne on 19 January 1628, and on 23 January, he ordered the execution of Shahryar, Prince [[Daniyal Mirza]]'s sons Tahmuras Mirza and Hoshang Mirza, and Prince [[Khusrau Mirza]]'s sons [[Dawar|Dawar Bakhsh Mirza]], and Garshasp Mirza.{{sfn|Jahangir|Thackston|1999|p=460}}

==Last years==
Mihr-un-nissa was a young widow of twenty two when she settled with her mother at [[Lahore]]. The two of them lived a simple and austere life. Nur Jahan died in 1645, and was buried beside her husband, Jahangir, in a separate [[Tomb of Nur Jahan|mausoleum]], which she had build from the funds she received from Emperor Shah Jahan.<ref>{{cite book|first=JI|last=Mehta|title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|year=1986|pages=417|isbn=978-8-120-71015-3}}</ref> After her death, Mihr-un-nissa was buried beside her mother.{{sfn|Nicoll|2009|p=293}}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|author-link=Fergus Nicoll|last=Nicoll |first= Fergus |title=Shah Jahan: The Rise and Fall of the Mughal Emperor|publisher=Penguin Books India|year=2009|isbn=978-0-670-08303-9 }}
* {{cite book|first=Emperor |last=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama : memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Washington, D. C.: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1605 births]]
[[Category:Indian female royalty]]
[[Category:Mughal nobility]]
[[Category:Indian people of Pashtun descent]]
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
[[Category:Women of the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian people]]

Mihr-un-nissa Begum - Revision history

imported>Scorpions13256: Copying from Category:17th-century Indian women to Category:17th-century Indian people non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot