Midnapore Sadar (community development block) - Revision history

82.132.231.155: updated lead also and updated info

2024-08-17T01:55:24Z

updated lead also and updated info

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:25, 17 August 2024
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	===Red corridor===		===Red corridor===
	106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being part of the [[Far-left politics\|left wing extremism]] activities, constitutes the [[Red corridor]]. In West Bengal the districts of Pashim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there ~~has~~ been no reported incidents of [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)\|Maoist]] related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/red-corridor-to-be-redrawn/article8894304.ece \|title = Red Corridor to be redrawn \|last = Singh\|first= Vijayita \| publisher= The Hindu, 25 July 2016 \| access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref> In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.<ref>{{cite web\|url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf\|title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur\|work = May 2011. Page 271\|publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal\|access-date = 31 July 2016\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf\|archive-date = 29 March 2017\|url-status = dead}}</ref>		106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being part of the [[Far-left politics\|left wing extremism]] activities, constitutes the [[Red corridor]]. In West Bengal the districts of Pashim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there had been no reported incidents of [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)\|Maoist]]-related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/red-corridor-to-be-redrawn/article8894304.ece \|title = Red Corridor to be redrawn \|last = Singh\|first= Vijayita \| publisher= The Hindu, 25 July 2016 \| access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref> In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.<ref>{{cite web\|url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf\|title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur\|work = May 2011. Page 271\|publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal\|access-date = 31 July 2016\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf\|archive-date = 29 March 2017\|url-status = dead}}</ref>

	[[Operation Lalgarh\|Lalgarh movement]], which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.<ref name=frontline>{{Cite news\| url = http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261412900.htm \| title = Lalgarh Battle \|magazine = Frontline\|date= 17 July 2009 \|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of [[Central Reserve Police Force\|CRPF]] and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election\|2011 state assembly elections]] and change of government in West Bengal. The death of [[Kishenji]], the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)\|Maoist]] commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.<ref name=frontline/><ref>{{Cite news\| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kishenjis-death-a-serious-blow-to-maoist-movement/article2657105.ece\| title = Kishenji's death a serious blow to Maoist movement \|newspaper = The Hindu\|date= 25 November 2011\|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref>		[[Operation Lalgarh\|Lalgarh movement]], which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.<ref name=frontline>{{Cite news\| url = http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261412900.htm \| title = Lalgarh Battle \|magazine = Frontline\|date= 17 July 2009 \|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of [[Central Reserve Police Force\|CRPF]] and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election\|2011 state assembly elections]] and change of government in West Bengal. The death of [[Kishenji]], the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)\|Maoist]] commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.<ref name=frontline/><ref>{{Cite news\| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kishenjis-death-a-serious-blow-to-maoist-movement/article2657105.ece\| title = Kishenji's death a serious blow to Maoist movement \|newspaper = The Hindu\|date= 25 November 2011\|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref>
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	{{bar box		{{bar box
	\|title=Religion in Medinipur Sadar CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>		\|title=Religion in Medinipur Sadar CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
	\|titlebar=#FCD116		\|titlebar=#FCD116
	\|left1=		\|left1=
	\|float=left		\|float=left
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	The Kharagpur-Adra line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD block and there is a station at Midnapore (outside the CD block).<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/kharagpur-adra-passenger-58601-kgp-to-adra/5528/167/956 \|title = 58601 Kharagpur-Adra Passenger \|work= Time Table \|publisher= indiarailinfo \| access-date = 25 July 2016}}</ref>		The Kharagpur-Adra line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD block and there is a station at Midnapore (outside the CD block).<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/kharagpur-adra-passenger-58601-kgp-to-adra/5528/167/956 \|title = 58601 Kharagpur-Adra Passenger \|work= Time Table \|publisher= indiarailinfo \| access-date = 25 July 2016}}</ref>

	[[National Highway 14 (India)\|National Highway 14]], (old numbering [[National Highway 60 (India)(old numbering)\|NH 60]]), running from [[Morgram]] to [[Kharagpur]], passes through this CD block.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf\|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways\|publisher=[[Department of Road Transport and Highways]]\|access-date=5 August 2016\|location=New Delhi\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201124738/https://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf\|archive-date=1 February 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		[[National Highway 14 (India)\|National Highway 14]], (old numbering [[National Highway 60 (India, old numbering)\|NH 60]]), running from [[Morgram]] to [[Kharagpur]], passes through this CD block.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf\|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways\|publisher=[[Department of Road Transport and Highways]]\|access-date=5 August 2016\|location=New Delhi\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201124738/https://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf\|archive-date=1 February 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	==Education==		==Education==

WikiDwarf: Added religion and language data

2023-06-05T13:16:46Z

Added religion and language data

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:46, 5 June 2023
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	\| image_caption =		\| image_caption =
	\| pushpin_map = ~~India West Bengal~~		\| image_map = Medinipur Sadar in Paschim Medinipur (West Bengal).svg
			\| pushpin_map =
	\| pushpin_label_position = right		\| pushpin_label_position = right
	\| pushpin_map_alt =		\| pushpin_map_alt =
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	===Language and religion===		===Language and religion===
	According to the ''District Census Handbook, Paschim Medinipur, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.5% of the population of Paschim Medinipur district, followed by [[Santali language\|Santali]] (4.6%), [[Hindi]] (1.4%), [[Kurmali language\|Kurmali Thar]] (0.7%), [[Urdu]] (0.6%), [[Telugu language\|Telugu]] (0.6%), [[Odia language\|Odia]] (0.4%), [[Mundari language\|Mundari]] (0.2%), [[Koda language\|Koda/ Kora]] (0.1%), [[Munda languages\|Munda]] (0.1%) and [[Nepali language\|Nepali]] (0.1%). There were people, forming lesser proportion of population, having other languages as mother-tongue. People with other mother-tongues formed 0.7% of the population.<ref>{{cite web\| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf\|title = District Census Handbook Paschim Medinipur, Series 20, Part XII A , 2011 census\|work = page 52: Mother tongue\| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal \| access-date = 10 September 2020}}</ref>

	There is a Tribal presence in many of the CD blocks of the district. [[Santali language\|Santali]] is spoken by 55.93% of the tribal population of the district. The [[Bhumij]], forming 11.16% of the tribal population, and the [[Munda people\|Mundas]], forming 6.10% of the tribal population, speak [[Mundari language\|Mundari]]. Other small groups include Koras and Mahalis. The [[Lodha people\|Lodhas]], forming 3.85% of the tribal population, the only primitive tribe in the district, speak [[Lodhi language\|Lodhi]].<ref>{{cite web \|url= http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \|title= District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur \|work= Page 217 Scheduled Tribe Community \|publisher= Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 \|access-date= 25 July 2016 \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf \|archive-date= 29 March 2017 \|url-status= dead }}</ref>

	According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.latestlaws.com/bare-acts/state-acts-rules/west-bengal-state-laws/west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/\|title = West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 \|publisher= Latest Laws.com\| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://advocatetanmoy.com/2018/06/26/the-west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/ \|title = The West Bengal Official Language Act 1961\|publisher= Advocate Tanmoy Law Library \| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.wbja.nic.in/wbja_adm/files/The%20Bengal%20Official%20Language%20Act,%201961_1.pdf \|title = The West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961\| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/official-language-status-for-urdu-in-some-west-bengal-areas/article3274293.ece \|title = Official status for Urdu in some West Bengal Areas \|publisher= The Hindu, 2 April 2012 \| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref>

	The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/multi-lingual-bengal/cid/358751 \|title = Multilingual Bengal \|publisher= The Telegraph, 11 December 2012 \| access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/kamtapuri-rajbanshi-make-it-to-list-of-official-languages-in-bengal/1263116 \|title = Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to the list of official languages in Bengal \|publisher= Outlook, 28 February 2015 \| access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref> However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level.

	{{bar box		{{bar box
	\|title=Religion in ~~Midnapore~~ CD block		\|title=Religion in Medinipur Sadar CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
	\|titlebar=#~~ddd~~		\|titlebar=#FCD116
	\|left1=		\|left1=
	\|float=~~right~~		\|float=left
	\|bars=		\|bars=
	{{bar percent\|[[~~Hindu~~]]\|~~Orange~~\|71.74}}		{{bar percent\|[[Hinduism in West Bengal\|Hinduism]]\|darkorange\|71.74}}
	{{bar percent\|[[~~Muslim~~]]\|~~Green~~\|25.58}}		{{bar percent\|[[Islam in West Bengal\|Islam]]\|green\|25.58}}
	{{bar percent\|~~Others~~\|~~Yellow~~\|2.68}}		{{bar percent\|Other <small>(tribal religion)</small>\|maroon\|2.44}}
			{{bar percent\|Other or not stated\|black\|0.24}}
	}}		}}
	In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 137,527 and formed 71.74% of the population in Midnapore CD block. Muslims numbered 49,039 and formed 25.58% of the population. Others numbered 5,139 and formed 2.68% of the ~~population’~~<ref name=~~censusreligion2011~~>{{~~cite~~ web\| url = ~~http~~://~~www.~~censusindia.gov.in/~~2011census~~/c-01.~~html \|title = C1 Population by Religious Community~~ \| ~~work~~= ~~West Bengal~~ \|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India ~~\| access-date = 29 July 2016~~}}</ref> Others also include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html \|title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table \| work= West Bengal \|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India \| access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Christians and other religious communities.<ref name=~~censusreligion2011~~/>
			In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 137,527 and formed 71.74% of the population in Midnapore CD block. Muslims numbered 49,039 and formed 25.58% of the population. Others numbered 5,139 and formed 2.68% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web \|date=2011 \|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal \|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS \|website=censusindia.gov.in \|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> Others also include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html \|title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table \| work= West Bengal \|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India \| access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Christians and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 72.95%, Muslims 23.66% and tribal religions 3.26% of the population respectively.<ref name=censusreligion2001>{{cite web\| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21481/download/24613/PC01_C01_19.xls\|title = Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal \|publisher = [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] \|date=2001}}</ref>

			{{Pie chart
			\|caption = Languages of Medinipur Sadar CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
			\|label1 = [[Bengali language\|Bengali]] \|value1 = 88.69 \|color1 = orchid
			\|label2 = [[Santali language\|Santali]] \|value2 = 10.59 \|color2 = darkturquoise
			\|label3 = Others \|value3 = 0.72 \|color3 = grey
			}}

			At the time of the 2011 census, 88.69% of the population spoke [[Bengali language\|Bengali]] and 10.59% [[Santali language\|Santali]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web \|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal \|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX \|website=www.censusindia.gov.in \|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

	==BPL families==		==BPL families==

->Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 33 templates: hyphenate params (32×);

2021-01-11T00:28:20Z

Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 33 templates: hyphenate params (32×);

New page

{{other uses|Midnapore (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Midnapore Sadar
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.422|N|87.328|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Paschim Medinipur district|Paschim Medinipur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Federalism in India|Federal democracy]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 323.64
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 53
| population_total = 191,705
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 721102 (Vidyasagar University) 721130 (Pathra) 721150 (Panchkhuri)
| area_code = 03221
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-34
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 70.48%
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Medinipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Medinipur]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Medinipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Medinipur]], [[Kharagpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kharagpur]]
| website = {{URL|paschimmedinipur.gov.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Midnapore Sadar''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Medinipur Sadar subdivision]] of [[Paschim Medinipur district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==History==

===Red corridor===
106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being part of the [[Far-left politics|left wing extremism]] activities, constitutes the [[Red corridor]]. In West Bengal the districts of Pashim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there has been no reported incidents of [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/red-corridor-to-be-redrawn/article8894304.ece |title = Red Corridor to be redrawn |last = Singh|first= Vijayita | publisher= The Hindu, 25 July 2016 | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref> In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf|title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur|work = May 2011. Page 271|publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal|access-date = 31 July 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf|archive-date = 29 March 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref>

[[Operation Lalgarh|Lalgarh movement]], which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.<ref name=frontline>{{Cite news| url = http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261412900.htm | title = Lalgarh Battle |magazine = Frontline|date= 17 July 2009 |access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of [[Central Reserve Police Force|CRPF]] and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011 state assembly elections]] and change of government in West Bengal. The death of [[Kishenji]], the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.<ref name=frontline/><ref>{{Cite news| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kishenjis-death-a-serious-blow-to-maoist-movement/article2657105.ece| title = Kishenji's death a serious blow to Maoist movement |newspaper = The Hindu|date= 25 November 2011|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref>

From 2009 Maoist violence had rapidly spread across eleven western CD blocks of the district: Binpur I, Binpur II, Salboni, Grahbeta II, Jamboni, Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Gopiballavpur I, Gopiballavpur II, Sankrail and Nayagram.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf|title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur|work = May 2011. Page 271|publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal|access-date = 8 January 2017|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf|archive-date = 29 March 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref>

==Geography==

In Midnapore Sadar CD block 55% of the cultivated area has [[alluvium|alluvial]] soil and 45% has [[laterite|lateritic]] soil. Midnapore Sadar CD block is drought prone.<ref name="geography">{{cite web |url= http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf |title= District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur |work= page 26 (Predominant Soil), pages 265- 268 (Identification of Flood prone areas, Names of drought prone blocks) |publisher= Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date= 2 January 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf |archive-date= 29 March 2017 |url-status= dead }}</ref>

Midnapore is located at {{coord|22.422|N|87.328|E|format=dms|}}.

Midnapore Sadar CD block is bounded by [[Salboni (community development block)|Salboni]] and [[Keshpur (community development block)|Keshpur]] CD blocks in the north, [[Kharagpur II]] CD block in the east, [[Kharagpur I]] and [[Jhargram (community development block)|Jhargram]] CD blocks in the south and [[Binpur I]] CD block in the west.

Midnapore Sadar CD block has an area of 323.64 km2. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 9 [[gram panchayat]]s, 129 gram sansads (village councils), 271 [[mouza]]s and 232 inhabited villages. [[Midnapore#Police station|Medinipur]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 7 September 2020}}</ref> The headquarters of this CD block is at Barapathar Cantonment.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur | work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref>

Midnapore Sadar CD block had a forest cover of 5,940 hectares, against a total geographical area of 33,300 hectares in 2005-06.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Midnapore Sadar block/ panchayat samiti are:Bonpura, Chandra, Dherua, Kankabati (Tantigeria), Monidaha, Panchkhuri I, Panchkhuri II, Pathra and Siromoni.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==

===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Midnapore CD block had a total population of 191,705, all of which were rural. There were 97,490 (51%) males and 94,215 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 25,920. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 37,445 (19.53%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 33,869 (17.67%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = CD block wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 3 May 2016}}</ref>

As per 2001 census, Midnapore Sadar block had a total population of 157,584, out of which 80,824 were males and 76,760 were females. Midnapore Sadar block registered a population growth of 26.77 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url =http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_15.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, (erstwhile) Medinipur District | access-date = 22 July 2016 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205819/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_15.htm|archive-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Midnapore CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Khasjangal Cantonment (4,080), Ramnagar (4,223), Panchkhuri (4,612), Hatihalka (5,371) and Bhabaninagar (4,225).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in Midnapore CD block include (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Pathra, Paschim Medinipur|Pathra]] (3,356), Banpura (3,544), Shiromani (2,619), Manidaha (2,438), Dherua (2,119), Chandra (675) and Kankabati (287).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Midnapore CD block was 116,837 (70.48% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 66,145 (78.43% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 50,702 (62.24% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 16.19%.<ref name=census2011/>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Paschim Medinipur district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Paschim Medinipur, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.5% of the population of Paschim Medinipur district, followed by [[Santali language|Santali]] (4.6%), [[Hindi]] (1.4%), [[Kurmali language|Kurmali Thar]] (0.7%), [[Urdu]] (0.6%), [[Telugu language|Telugu]] (0.6%), [[Odia language|Odia]] (0.4%), [[Mundari language|Mundari]] (0.2%), [[Koda language|Koda/ Kora]] (0.1%), [[Munda languages|Munda]] (0.1%) and [[Nepali language|Nepali]] (0.1%). There were people, forming lesser proportion of population, having other languages as mother-tongue. People with other mother-tongues formed 0.7% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Paschim Medinipur, Series 20, Part XII A , 2011 census|work = page 52: Mother tongue| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 10 September 2020}}</ref>

There is a Tribal presence in many of the CD blocks of the district. [[Santali language|Santali]] is spoken by 55.93% of the tribal population of the district. The [[Bhumij]], forming 11.16% of the tribal population, and the [[Munda people|Mundas]], forming 6.10% of the tribal population, speak [[Mundari language|Mundari]]. Other small groups include Koras and Mahalis. The [[Lodha people|Lodhas]], forming 3.85% of the tribal population, the only primitive tribe in the district, speak [[Lodhi language|Lodhi]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf |title= District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur |work= Page 217 Scheduled Tribe Community |publisher= Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date= 25 July 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf |archive-date= 29 March 2017 |url-status= dead }}</ref>

According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latestlaws.com/bare-acts/state-acts-rules/west-bengal-state-laws/west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/|title = West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 |publisher= Latest Laws.com| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://advocatetanmoy.com/2018/06/26/the-west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/ |title = The West Bengal Official Language Act 1961|publisher= Advocate Tanmoy Law Library | access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbja.nic.in/wbja_adm/files/The%20Bengal%20Official%20Language%20Act,%201961_1.pdf |title = The West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/official-language-status-for-urdu-in-some-west-bengal-areas/article3274293.ece |title = Official status for Urdu in some West Bengal Areas |publisher= The Hindu, 2 April 2012 | access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref>

The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/multi-lingual-bengal/cid/358751 |title = Multilingual Bengal |publisher= The Telegraph, 11 December 2012 | access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/kamtapuri-rajbanshi-make-it-to-list-of-official-languages-in-bengal/1263116 |title = Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to the list of official languages in Bengal |publisher= Outlook, 28 February 2015 | access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref> However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level.

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Midnapore CD block
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|71.74}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|Green|25.58}}
{{bar percent|Others|Yellow|2.68}}
}}
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 137,527 and formed 71.74% of the population in Midnapore CD block. Muslims numbered 49,039 and formed 25.58% of the population. Others numbered 5,139 and formed 2.68% of the population’<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Others also include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Christians and other religious communities.<ref name=censusreligion2011/>

==BPL families==
In Midnapore Sadar CD block 31.95% families were living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2007.<ref name=bpl>{{cite web|url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf|title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur|work = May 2011. Page 177|publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal|access-date = 8 January 2017|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf|archive-date = 29 March 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref>

According to the District [[Human Development Report]] of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%).<ref name=bpl/>

==Economy==
===Infrastructure===
243 or 90% of mouzas in Midnapore CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref>

226 mouzas in Midnapore Sadar CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 84 fertiliser depots, 35 seed stores and 37 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Agriculture===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture in Midnapore Sadar CD block'''
|value1 = 5.52
|label1 = Bargadars
|value2 = 30.79
|label2 = Patta holders
|value3 = 3.07
|label3 = Small farmers
|value4 = 20.85
|label4 = Marginal farmers
|value5 = 39.77
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Midnapore Sadar CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 5.52%, patta (document) holders 30.79%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 3.07%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 20.85% and agricultural labourers 39.77%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2005-06 the nett cropped area in Midnapore Sadar CD block was 17,700 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 9,927 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf |title= District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur |work= Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 |publisher= Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date= 2 January 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf |archive-date= 29 March 2017 |url-status= dead }}</ref> In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Midnapore Sadar CD block was 9,680 hectares, out of which 700 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 800 hectares by tank water, 4,830 hectares by deep tubewells, 2,400 hectares by shallow tube wells, 900 hectares by river lift irrigation, 40 hectares by open dug wells and 10 hectares by other methods.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, Midnapore Sadar CD block produced 85,138 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 36,128 hectares, 5,062 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 2,373 hectares, 921 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 302 hectares, 1,904 tonnes of wheat from 1,072 hectares and 8,691 tonnes of potatoes from 638 hectares. It also produced oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Midnapore Sadar CD block had offices of 21 commercial banks and 3 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Midnapore Sadar CD block has 2 ferry services and 8 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>

The Kharagpur-Adra line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD block and there is a station at Midnapore (outside the CD block).<ref>{{cite web| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/kharagpur-adra-passenger-58601-kgp-to-adra/5528/167/956 |title = 58601 Kharagpur-Adra Passenger |work= Time Table |publisher= indiarailinfo | access-date = 25 July 2016}}</ref>

[[National Highway 14 (India)|National Highway 14]], (old numbering [[National Highway 60 (India)(old numbering)|NH 60]]), running from [[Morgram]] to [[Kharagpur]], passes through this CD block.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways|publisher=[[Department of Road Transport and Highways]]|access-date=5 August 2016|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201124738/https://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013-14, Midnapore Sadar CD block had 118 primary schools with 12,078 students, 16 middle schools with 1,773 students, 1 high school with 2,998 students and 14 higher secondary schools with 32,153 students. Midnapore Sadar CD block had 366 institutions for special and non-formal education with 18,640 students.<ref name=handbook2014/>

The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Midnapore Sadar CD block out of the total 117 primary schools in 2008-2009, 68 had pucca buildings, 12 partially pucca, 1 kucha and 36 multiple type.<ref name=humandev2>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page: 60 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 31 July 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

[[Midnapore College]] and [[Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women's College]] is the general degree college in this block.

[[Vidyasagar University]] is also in this block.

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Midnapore Sadar CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 2 primary health centres with total 31 beds and 6 doctors. It had 25 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 4,382 patients were treated indoor and 102,243 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Chandra (Deypara) Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds at [[Chandra, Paschim Medinipur|Chandra]], is the major government medical facility in the Midnapore Sadar CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at Panchkuri (with 10 beds) and [[Pathra, Paschim Medinipur|Pathra]] (with 6 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 1 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 1 September 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

==External links==
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Midnapore}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Paschim Medinipur topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Paschim Medinipur district]]