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imported>Cewbot: Fix broken anchor: 2019-12-05 #India ASATs→Anti-satellite weapon#Indian ASATs

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Fix broken anchor: 2019-12-05 #India ASATs→Anti-satellite weapon#Indian ASATs

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{{short description|India earth-observing satellite}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = Microsat-R
| image =
| image_caption =

| mission_type = Earth Observation
| operator = {{flagicon|India}} [[DRDO]]<ref name = TH_DRDO/>
| website =
| COSPAR_ID = 2019-006A
| SATCAT =
| mission_duration =

| spacecraft_bus =
| manufacturer = [[DRDO]]<ref name = TH_DRDO/>
| dry_mass =
| launch_mass = {{convert|740|kg}}
| power =

| launch_date = 24 January 2019
| launch_rocket = [[PSLV-C44]]
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota)]]
| launch_contractor = Indian Space Research Organization
| entered_service =

| disposal_type = Destroyed in Orbit by [[Anti-satellite weapon|ASAT]] (suspected)
| deactivated =
| destroyed = 27 March 2019

| orbit_epoch =
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]] at 274 km altitude
| orbit_periapsis =
| orbit_apoapsis =
| orbit_inclination =
| orbit_period =
| orbit_longitude =
| orbit_slot =
| apsis =

| trans_band =
| trans_frequency =
| trans_bandwidth =
| trans_capacity =
| trans_coverage =
| trans_TWTA =
| trans_EIRP =
| trans_HPBW =
}}

'''Microsat-R''' was claimed to be an earth observing satellite manufactured by [[DRDO]]<ref name = TH_DRDO>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isros-first-mission-of-2019-to-put-military-satellite-microsat-r-in-space/article26072511.ece |title= ISRO's first mission of 2019 to put military satellite Microsat-R in space|work=thehindu |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> and launched by [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] on 24 January 2019 for military use.<ref name="lm">{{Cite news |url=https://www.livemint.com/science/news/pslv-c44-carrying-india-s-military-satellite-microsat-r-and-students-payload-k-1548354446203.html |title=PSLV-C44, carrying India's experimental satellite Microsat-R and students' payload Kalamsat, lifts off |date=January 25, 2019 |work=livemint.com |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> Satellite served as a target for ASAT test on 27 March 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020|title=Mission Shakti Ebook (Anti-Satellite Missile)|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/publcations-document/ASAT_book_English.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420163854/https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/publcations-document/ASAT_book_English.pdf|archive-date=20 April 2021|access-date=20 April 2021}}</ref>

== Launch ==

Microsat-R, along with KalamsatV2 as piggy-back, was launched on 24 January 2019<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/pslv-c44-military-satellite-microsatr-kalamsat-launch-1438832-2019-01-25 |title=PSLV-C44 carrying India's military satellite Microsat-R, students' payload Kalamsat, launched |date=January 25, 2019 |work=India Today |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> at 23:37 hrs from [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|First Launch Pad]] of Satish Dhawan Space Centre. The launch marks the 46th flight of [[PSLV]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/update/25-jan-2019/pslv-c44-successfully-launched-microsat-r-and-kalamsat-v2|title=PSLV-C44 successfully launched Microsat-R and Kalamsat-V2 - ISRO|website=www.isro.gov.in|access-date=2019-02-18}}</ref> After 13 minutes 26 seconds in flight, Microsat-R was injected at targeted altitude of about 277.2 km. This was the first flight of a new variant of PSLV called PSLV-DL with two strap-ons, each carrying 12.2-tonne of solid propellant.<ref name="toi">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isros-pslv-c-44-places-military-satellite-microsat-r-in-orbit/articleshow/67679340.cms |title=Isro's PSLV C-44 successfully places military satellite Microsat-R |last=Tejonmayam |first=U |date=January 25, 2019 |work=Times of India |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref>

== Anti-satellite test ==
Microsat-R served as target for [[Anti-satellite weapon#Indian ASATs|Indian ASAT experiment]] on March 27, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/nation/2019/03/28/drdo-top-secret-asat-mission-project-xsv1-onmanorama-exclusive.html|title=Onmanorama Exclusive {{!}} DRDO's top secret A-SAT mission codenamed 'Project XSV-1'|website=OnManorama|language=en|access-date=2019-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/nation/2019/03/27/mission-shakti-drdo-asat-missile-hit-microsat-r-isro.html|title=Explained Mission Shakti {{!}} What is A-SAT and how it hit Microsat-R in 168 secs|website=OnManorama|language=en|access-date=2019-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Foust |first1=Jeff |title=India Tests Anti-Satellite Weapon |url=https://www.space.com/india-tests-anti-satellite-weapon.html |work=Space.com |date=27 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> The impact generated more than 400 pieces of orbital debris with 24 having apogee higher than [[ISS]] orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/04/02/709032198/nasa-debris-from-indias-anti-satellite-test-raised-threat-to-space-station|title=NASA: Debris From India's Anti-Satellite Test Raised Threat To Space Station|website=NPR.org|language=en|access-date=2019-04-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orbitaldebris.jsc.nasa.gov/quarterly-news/pdfs/odqnv23i3.pdf|title=NASA's Orbital Debris Quarterly News Volume 23, Issue 3|date=2 August 2019|access-date=4 August 2019}}</ref> According to initial assessment by DRDO some of the debris (depending on size and trajectory) should re-enter in 45 days.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-satellite-idUSKCN1R91DM|title=India says space debris from anti-satellite test to 'vanish' in 45...|date=2019-03-28|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-03-28|language=en}}</ref> A spokesperson from [[NASA]] disagreed, saying the debris could last for years because the [[solar minimum]] had contracted the atmosphere that would otherwise cause the debris to reenter.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=03&month=04&year=2019|title=SOLAR MINIMUM IS A TERRIBLE TIME TO BLOW UP A SATELLITE|work=spaceweather.com|date=2019-04-03|access-date=2019-04-03|language=en}}</ref> Analysis from a leading space trajectory and environment simulation company AGI has also came to same conclusion that few debris fragments will take more than a year to come down and other debris fragments might pose a risk to other satellites and ISS and these results were also presented in the 35th Space Symposium at Colorado Springs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYRHmEF1Azo|title=Indian ASAT Forensics - April 9, 2019 Update}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Microsat (ISRO)]]
*[[Kosmos 149]]
*[[Kosmos 320]]
*[[SLATS]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.isro.gov.in/launcher/pslv-c44}}

{{PSLV}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{Orbital launches in 2019}}

[[Category:Earth observation satellites of India]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by India in 2019]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by PSLV rockets]]
[[Category:January 2019 events in India]]
[[Category:Intentionally destroyed artificial satellites]]

Microsat-R - Revision history

Wleness: minor added page per standard format and corrected details as per guidelines

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imported>Cewbot: Fix broken anchor: 2019-12-05 #India ASATs→Anti-satellite weapon#Indian ASATs