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Ajay Kumar: Created page with "{{short description|Representative of the Indian people in the lower house of the Indian Parliament}} {{distinguish|Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha}} {{Use Indian English|da..."

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Created page with "{{short description|Representative of the Indian people in the lower house of the Indian Parliament}} {{distinguish|Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha}} {{Use Indian English|da..."

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{{short description|Representative of the Indian people in the lower house of the Indian Parliament}}
{{distinguish|Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Member of Parliament
| body =
| native_name =
| flag = Flag of India.svg
| flagsize = 38px
| flagborder =
| flagcaption = [[Flag of India]]
| insignia = Emblem of India.svg
| insigniasize = 27px
| insigniacaption = [[Emblem of India]]
| image = New Delhi government block 03-2016 img3.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = [[Lok Sabha]], the meeting place of the members.
| incumbent = [[17th Lok Sabha]]
| incumbentsince = 23 May 2019
| type =
| status = Active
| department =
| style =
| member_of = [[Lok Sabha]]
| reports_to = [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha|Speaker]]
| residence =
| seat = [[Parliament of India]]
| nominator =
| appointer =
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength = 5 years; renewable
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument = Article 81 of [[Constitution of India]]
| precursor =
| formation = 26 January 1950
| first = 17 April 1952
| last =
| abolished =
| succession =
| abbreviation = MP
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary = {{INRConvert|200833}}<br/>(excl. allowances)<ref name="Salaries, allowances and facilities to Members">{{cite news|title=Salaries, allowances and facilities to Members|publisher=[[Lok Sabha]] website|access-date=15 August 2016|url=http://164.100.47.192/loksabha/writereaddata/Updates/EventLSS_635627139100708482_English%20FACILITIES64p.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823110733/http://164.100.47.192/loksabha/writereaddata/Updates/EventLSS_635627139100708482_English%20FACILITIES64p.pdf|archive-date=23 August 2016}}</ref>
| website = {{url|http://loksabha.nic.in/}}
}}
{{Politics of India}}
A '''Member of Parliament in [[Lok Sabha]]''' ([[abbreviated]]: '''MP''') is the representative of the [[India]]n people in the [[Lok Sabha]]; the lower house of the [[Parliament of India]]. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct [[Elections in India|elections]] on the basis of the [[Universal suffrage|adult suffrage]]. Parliament of India is [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] with two houses; [[Rajya Sabha]] ([[upper house]] i.e. Council of States) and the [[Lok Sabha]] ([[lower house]] i.e. House of the People). The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and [[States and union territories of India|states]] and up to 20 members to represent the [[Union territory|union territories]] (both chosen by [[Elections in India|direct elections]]). Between 1952 and 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the [[Anglo-Indian]] community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the [[Prime Minister of India]].<ref name="Lok Sabha">{{cite news|title=Lok Sabha|publisher=[[Lok Sabha]]|access-date=16 July 2016|url=http://loksabha.nic.in/}}</ref><ref name="Lok Sabha, House of people">{{cite news|title=Lok Sabha, House of people|publisher=[[Parliament of India]]|access-date=16 July 2016|url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/introls.htm}}</ref><ref name="Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)">{{cite news|title=Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)|publisher=elections.in|access-date=16 July 2016|url=http://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/member-of-parliament.html}}</ref>

==History==
The first instance of member of parliament equivalent in India dates back to 9 December 1946, the day [[Constituent Assembly of India]] was formed with the purpose of drafting a [[Indian Constitution|constitution for India]]. As opposed to be elected on the basis of [[universal suffrage|adult suffrage]], the Constituent Assembly of India consisted of indirectly elected representatives and were not categorised between [[Rajya Sabha]] and [[Lok Sabha]]. [[Muslim]]s and [[Sikh]]s were given special representation as [[Minority group|minorities]]. The Constituent Assembly of India took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days to draft the constitution for [[History of the Republic of India|independent India]] and was dissolved in 1949.<ref name="History of Indian Parliament Elections (Lok Sabha)">{{cite news|title=History of Indian Parliament Elections (Lok Sabha)|publisher=factly.in|access-date=19 August 2016|url=https://factly.in/history-indian-elections/}}</ref>

On 26 January 1950, the [[Constitution of India|Indian constitution]] came into force and the [[Indian general election, 1951–52|first general elections]] (under the new constitution) were held in 1951-1952.<ref name="Our Parliament">{{cite news|title=Our Parliament|publisher=[[Parliament of India]] website|access-date=19 August 2016|url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/p1.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517025653/http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/p1.html|archive-date=17 May 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[1st Lok Sabha]] was constituted on 17 April 1952 and had 489 [[Electoral district|constituencies]], thereby first set of elected members of parliament of [[Lok Sabha]] in India.<ref name="1951 election">{{cite news|title=1951 election |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] website |access-date=19 August 2016 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191615/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF |archive-date=8 October 2014 }}</ref><ref name="Statistical Report On General Elections, 1951">{{cite news|title=Statistical Report On General Elections, 1951 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] website |access-date=20 August 2016 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404203355/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF |archive-date=4 April 2014 }}</ref>

==Eligibility criteria==
A person must satisfy all following conditions to be qualified to become a member of parliament of the Lok Sabha;
* Must be a citizen of India.
* Must not be less than 25 years of age.
* Must be a voter for any [[parliamentary constituency]] in India.
* Candidate of a recognised [[List of political parties in India|political party]] needs one proposer from his constituency for his nomination.
* An [[independent candidate]] needs ten proposers.
* Candidates are required to make a security deposit of {{INRConvert|25000}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Contesting for Elections |url=https://eci.gov.in/faqs/elections/contesting-for-elections/faqs-contesting-for-elections-r4/ |website=Election Commission of India |language=en-IN}}</ref>

==Disqualification grounds==
A person would be ineligible for being a Member of the Lok Sabha if the person;
* Holds any office of profit under the [[Government of India]] (other than an office permitted by Parliament of India by law).
* Is of unsound mind.
* Is an [[Insolvency|insolvent]].
* Has ceased to be a [[citizen of India]].
* Is so disqualified by any law made by the Indian parliament.
* Is so disqualified on the ground of [[defection]].
* Has been [[convicted]], among other things, for promoting enmity between different groups.
* Has been convicted for offence of [[bribery]].
* Has been punished for preaching and practising social crimes such as [[untouchability]], [[dowry]], or [[Sati (practice)|sati]].
* Has been convicted for an offence and sentenced to imprisonment of more than two years.
* Has been dismissed for corruption or for disloyalty to the state (in case of a government servant).<ref name="Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)"/><ref name="The Indian Parliament"/>

==Term==
The term of a member of parliament of Lok Sabha (dissolved) is five years from the date appointment for its first meeting. During a [[state of emergency]], the term however can be extended by the [[Parliament of India]] by law for a period not exceeding one year at a time. After the state of emergency ends, the extension cannot exceed beyond a period of six months.<ref name="Lok Sabha term">{{cite news|title=Lok Sabha term|publisher=[[Government of India]] website|access-date=16 July 2016|url=https://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/lok-sabha}}</ref>

==Responsibilities of members of parliament==
Broad responsibilities of the members of parliament of Lok Sabha are;
* [[Legislative]] responsibility: To pass [[Law of India|Laws of India]] in the Lok Sabha.
* [[Separation of powers#India|Oversight]] responsibility: To ensure that the executive (i.e. government) performs its duties satisfactorily.
*Representative responsibility: To represent the views and aspirations of the people of their constituency in the Parliament of India (Lok Sabha).
* [[Power of the purse]] responsibility: To approve and oversee the revenues and expenditures proposed by the government.
* The [[Union Council of Ministers]], who are also members of parliament have an additional responsibility of the executive as compared to those who are not in the Council of Ministers.<ref name="The Indian Parliament">{{cite news|title=The Indian Parliament|publisher=prsindia.org|access-date=16 July 2016|url=http://www.prsindia.org/parliamenttrack/about-parliament/the-indian-parliament-198/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610045012/http://www.prsindia.org/parliamenttrack/about-parliament/the-indian-parliament-198|archive-date=10 June 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Salary, allowances and entitlements==
India paid {{INRConvert|176|c|lk=on|year=2015}} to its 543 Lok Sabha members in salaries and expenses over 2015, or just over {{INRConvert|2.7|l|lk=on|year=2015}} per month per member of parliament in including pensions to dependents of ex MPs .<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/data/government-spends-rs-27-lakh-a-month-per-mp/article7699415.ece MP pay jumped to 2.7 lakh per month in 2015]</ref> The Salary, allowances and pension of Member of the Lok Sabha is governed by the Members of Parliament Act, 1954. The act is in pursuance to the constitutional provisions where article 106 of the [[Constitution of India]] provides that the members of either House of Parliament shall be entitled to receive such salaries and allowances as may from time to time be determined by [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] by law.

The rules governing salaries, allowances and facilities such as medical, housing, telephone facilities, daily allowance etc... is looked after by a joint committee of both the houses ([[Lok Sabha]] and the [[Rajya Sabha]]). The committee is constituted from time to time after consultation with the Government of India.<ref name="Salaries, allowances and facilities to Members"/>

==Strength==
[[File:House of the People, India, 2014.svg|thumb|Seat distribution of 545 members of parliament in the [[16th Lok Sabha]]]]
[[File:Wahlkreise in Indien.svg|thumb|The map of 543 [[Lok Sabha]] constituencies in which elections are conducted for the current 17th Lok Sabha]]
Article 81 of the [[Constitution of India]] 1949 has specified maximum strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha to be 552. The number of members of parliament is distributed among the [[States and union territories of India|States]] in such a way that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each State and the population of the State is, so far as practicable, the same for all States.<ref name="Lok Sabha: House of the People">{{cite news|title=Lok Sabha: House of the People|publisher=[[Parliament of India]] website|access-date=30 August 2016|url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/introls.htm}}</ref> Out of the maximum permitted strength,
*Not more than 530 members to be chosen by direct [[Elections in India#History of Lok Sabha elections|election]] from territorial constituencies in the Indian [[States and union territories of India#States|states]].
*Not more than 20 members to represent the [[States and union territories of India#Union territories|union territories]], chosen in such manner as [[Parliament of India]] may by law provide.
*Total permitted maximum strength of '''550''' members.<ref name="Lok Sabha"/><ref name="Lok Sabha, House of people"/>
{{Quote
|quote = ''"Strength of Member of Parliament in Lok Sabha as defined in Article 81 of the Constitution of India"'',
:'''(1)''' Subject to the provisions of article 331, the House of the People shall consist of
::(a) not more than 530 (five hundred and thirty members) chosen by direct election from territorial constituencies in the States, and
::(b) not more than 20 (twenty members) to represent the Union territories, chosen in such manner as Parliament may by law provide.
:'''(2)''' For the purposes of sub-clause (a) of clause (1),
::(a) there shall be allotted to each State a number of seats in the House of the People in such manner that the ratio between that number and the population of the State is, so far as practicable, the same for all States; and
::(b) each State shall be divided into territorial constituencies in such manner that the ratio between the population of each constituency and the number of seats allotted to it is, so far as practicable, the same throughout the State:
::(Provided that the provisions of sub-clause (a) of this clause shall not be applicable for the purpose of allotment of seats in the House of the People to any State so long as the population of that State does not exceed six millions.)
:'''(3)''' In this article, the expression “population” means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published:
:(Provided that the reference in this clause to the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published shall, until the relevant figures for the first census taken after the year 2016 have been published).
::(i) for the purposes of sub-clause (a) of clause (2) and the proviso to that clause, as a reference to the 1971 census; and
::(ii) for the purposes of sub-clause (b) of clause (2) as a reference to the 2001 census.
|author = Ministry of Law and Justice
|source = ''[[Constitution of India]]'' (Part V—The Union.—Article 81.)<ref name="Article 81 (page 39 & 40)">{{cite news|title=Article 81 (page 39 & 40)|publisher=[[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Ministry of Law and Justice]]|access-date=16 Jul 2016|url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-4March2016.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416084719/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-4March2016.pdf|archive-date=2016-04-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}

===Members of the Lok Sabha===
{{main article|List of members of the 17th Lok Sabha}}
Members of the lower house of the Indian Parliament ([[Lok Sabha]]) were elected in the [[2019 Indian general election|Indian general election, 2019]] held in April–May 2019. The total strength of the [[17th Lok Sabha]] is 544, against the then-approved strength of 552.<ref>{{cite web|title=Notification by Election Commission|url=http://www.pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2014/mar/d2014030501.pdf|access-date=15 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630221007/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2014/mar/d2014030501.pdf|archive-date=30 June 2014}}</ref>

===Number of constituencies: 1951-2019===
The following is a list of the number of constituencies in the Lok Sabha in each election year, beginning in 1951. The numbers '''do not''' include two seats from the [[Anglo-Indian]] community, to which individuals were nominated by the President of India.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! #!![[Lok Sabha]] !! Date !! Constituencies
|-
| 1 || [[1st Lok Sabha]] || Apr 1951 || 488
|-
| 2 || [[2nd Lok Sabha]] || Apr 1957 || 494
|-
| 3 || [[3rd Lok Sabha]] || Apr 1962 || 494
|-
| 4 || [[4th Lok Sabha]] || Mar 1967 || 520
|-
| 5 || [[5th Lok Sabha]] || Mar 1971 || 518
|-
| 6 || [[6th Lok Sabha]] || Mar 1977 || 542
|-
| 7 || [[7th Lok Sabha]] || Jan 1980 || 542
|-
| 8 || [[8th Lok Sabha]] || Dec 1984 || 541
|-
| 9 || [[9th Lok Sabha]] || Dec 1989 || 529
|-
| 10 || [[10th Lok Sabha]] || Jun 1991 || 534
|-
| 11 || [[11th Lok Sabha]] || May 1996 || 543
|-
| 12 || [[12th Lok Sabha]] || Mar 1998 || 543
|-
| 13 || [[13th Lok Sabha]] || Oct 1999 || 543
|-
| 14 || [[14th Lok Sabha]] || May 2004 || 543
|-
| 15 || [[15th Lok Sabha]] || May 2009 || 543
|-
| 16 || [[16th Lok Sabha]] || May 2014 || 543
|-
| 17 || [[17th Lok Sabha]] || May 2019 || 543
|}

===Anglo-Indian reservation===
{{main|Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Lok Sabha}}
In January 2020, the Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Parliament and [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|State Legislatures]] of India was discontinued by the 126th Constitutional Amendment Bill of 2019, when enacted as [[One Hundred and Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India#:~:text=The One Hundred and Fourth,Lok Sabha and State Legislative|104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anglo Indian Representation To Lok Sabha, State Assemblies Done Away; SC-ST Reservation Extended For 10 Years: Constitution (104th Amendment) Act To Come Into Force On 25th Jan|url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/215637.pdf|access-date=25 January 2020|website=egazette.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/government/anglo-indian-mps.html|title=Anglo Indian Members of Parliament (MPs) of India - Powers, Salary, Eligibility, Term|website=www.elections.in|access-date=8 September 2020}}</ref> As a result the maximum permitted strength of the Lok Sabha was reduced from 552 to 550.

==See also==
*[[List of members of the 17th Lok Sabha]]
* [[Constitution of India]]
* [[Parliament of India]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{portal bar|India|Politics}}

{{Government of India}}
{{Legislatures of India}}
{{National bicameral legislatures}}
{{National lower houses}}
{{Parliament of India}}

[[Category:Members of the Parliament of India| ]]

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha - Revision history

CleanupBot: Robot: Replacing encoded entity with character

Subhamaykarjee at 09:37, 22 February 2026

Ajay Kumar: Created page with "{{short description|Representative of the Indian people in the lower house of the Indian Parliament}} {{distinguish|Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha}} {{Use Indian English|da..."