https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Max_Arthur_MacauliffeMax Arthur Macauliffe - Revision history2026-08-21T07:41:20ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Max_Arthur_Macauliffe&diff=431879&oldid=prevAvijitDas2003: Max Arthur Macauliffe2023-05-29T02:57:46Z<p>Max Arthur Macauliffe</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|British administrator, prolific scholar and author}}<br />
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{{EngvarB|date=January 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Max Arthur MacAuliffe<br />
| image = Max Arthur Macauliffe Portrait.jpg<br />
| alt = Max Arthur Macauliffe Portrait<br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = 11 September 1838<ref name="DIB-bio">{{cite web |last1=Foley |first1=Tadhg |title=Macauliffe, Max |url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/macauliffe-max-a5558 |website=Dictionary of Irish Biography |publisher=Royal Irish Academy |access-date=9 September 2021}}</ref><br />
| birth_place = Glenmore, Monagea, [[County Limerick]], [[Ireland]]<ref name="DIB-bio" /><br />
| death_date = 15 March 1913<br />
| death_place = [[West Kensington]], [[London]] [[United Kingdom]]<br />
| other_names = <br />
| known_for = *English translator of the Sikh Scriptures and historian of Sikhism<br />
*Prominent [[List of writers on Sikhism|scholar of Sikhism]] of the early 20th century<br />
| children = <br />
| spouse = <br />
| parents = <br />
| predecessor = <br />
| successor = <br />
| image_size = 150px<br />
}}<br />
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'''Michael MacAuliffe''', also known as '''Max Arthur MacAuliffe''' (11 September 1838 − 15 March 1913) was a senior British administrator, prolific scholar and author. MacAuliffe is renowned for his partial translation of [[Sikh]] scripture [[Guru Granth Sahib]] and history into English.<ref>[http://www.mocavo.com/Studies-in-the-History-of-Religions-Presented-to-Crawford-Howell-Toy-by-Pupils-Colleagues-and-Friends/103921/180 "Studies in the History of Religions" Page 170, 1912]</ref><br />
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==Early life and education==<br />
MacAuliffe was born in Ireland at [[Newcastle West]], [[County Limerick]], on 10 September 1841. He was educated at Newcastle School, Limerick, and Springfield College. He attended [[Queen's College Galway]] between 1857 and 1863, being awarded junior scholarships in the Literary Division of the Arts Faculty for 1857–58, 1858–59, and 1859–60. He was awarded a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A. degree]] with first class honours in Modern Languages in 1860. He obtained a senior scholarship in Ancient Classics for 1860-1, and a senior scholarship in Modern Languages and History for 1861-62. He also served as Secretary of the college's [[Literary and Debating Society (NUI, Galway)|Literary and Debating Society]] for the 1860–61 session.<br />
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==Career==<br />
MacAuliffe entered the [[Indian Civil Service]] in 1862, and arrived in the [[Punjab region|Punjab]] in February 1864. He was appointed Deputy Commissioner of the Punjab in 1882, and a Divisional Judge in 1884. He retired from the Indian Civil Service in 1893.<br />
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MacAuliffe also wrote a rendition, English translation of the Sacred scriptures of the Sikh religion, the ''[[Guru Granth Sahib]]''. He also wrote ''The Sikh Religion: its Gurus, Sacred Writings and Authors'' (six volumes, Oxford University Press, 1909). He was assisted in his works by [[Pratap Singh Giani]], a Sikh scholar.[[File:Photograph of Max Arthur Macauliffe wearing a turban.jpg|thumb|Photograph of Max Arthur Macauliffe wearing a turban]]<br />
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MacAuliffe converted to [[Sikhism]] in the 1860s<ref>[http://www.nuigalway.ie/english/tadhg_foley.html University of Ireland] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207082413/http://www.nuigalway.ie/english/tadhg_foley.html |date=2012-02-07 }}</ref> and was even derided by his employers for having "turned a Sikh".<ref>{{cite web |title=The Limerick man unknown in Ireland but revered by millions worldwide |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/abroad/the-limerick-man-unknown-in-ireland-but-revered-by-millions-worldwide-1.4052622 |website=The Irish Times |access-date=13 September 2021}}</ref><br />
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His personal assistant remarked in his memoirs that on his death bed, MacAuliffe could be heard reciting the Sikh morning prayer, [[Japji Sahib]], ten minutes before he died.<ref name="SikhChic">[http://www.sikhchic.com/article-detail.php?id=207&cat=18 SikhChic]</ref><br />
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MacAuliffe is held in high esteem amongst Sikh communion, for his translation into English of the Sikh Scriptures, the [[Guru Granth Sahib]]. At a lecture at the annual session of the Lahore [[Singh Sabha]] Macauliffe proclaimed that the Guru Granth was matchless as a book of holy teachings.<ref name="SikhChic"/><br />
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He was awarded the degree of M.A. (honoris causa) by his alma mater in 1882. MacAuliffe died in the United Kingdom at his home in [[London]] on 15 March 1913.<br />
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==Publications==<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2020/03/the-sikh-religion-its-gurus-sacred.html The Sikh Religion Vol I (1909])<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2015/01/the-sikh-religion-its-gurus-sacred.html The Sikh Religion Vol II (1909)]<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2020/03/the-sikh-religion-its-gurus-sacred_1.html The Sikh Religion Vol III (1909)]<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2020/03/the-sikh-religion-its-gurus-sacred_13.html The Sikh Religion Vol IV (1909)]<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2020/03/the-sikh-religion-its-gurus-sacred_76.html The Sikh Religion Vol V (1909)]<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2020/03/the-sikh-religion-its-gurus-sacred_59.html The Sikh Religion Vol VI (1909)]<br />
* [https://sikhdigitallibrary.blogspot.com/2018/12/translation-of-japji-m-macauliffe.html Translation of the Japji - M. Macauliffe]<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
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* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/skh/tsr1/index.htm The Sikh Religion, Volume 1]<br />
* [http://www.sikhfoundation.org/sikh-punjabi-language-studies/max-arthur-macauliffe-first-western-gateway-to-study-of-sikhism/ Max Arthur Macauliffe : First Western Gateway To Study of Sikhism]<br />
* [http://www.sikhchic.com/history/max_arthur_macauliffe_he_introduced_sikhi_to_the_englishspeaking_west Max Arthur Macauliffe – He Introduced Sikhi to the English-Speaking West]<br />
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Max Arthur Macauliffe}}<br />
* {{Librivox author |id=5907}}<br />
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{{Modern Sikh writers}}<br />
{{Sikhism}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Macauliffe, Max Arthur}}<br />
[[Category:1841 births]]<br />
[[Category:1913 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:British people in colonial India]]<br />
[[Category:People from Newcastle West]]<br />
[[Category:Converts to Sikhism]]<br />
[[Category:Irish Sikhs]]<br />
[[Category:Sikh writers]]</div>AvijitDas2003