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{{Short description|Sultan of Ghazni (r. 1041–1050)}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name=Shahāb-ud-Dawla Mawdūd
|title=Sultan (Deputy)
|succession=[[Sultan]] of the [[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid Empire]]
|image=Maw'dudGhaznavidCoin.jpg
|caption= [[Gold dinar]] minted with names of Shahāb-ud-Dawla Mawdūd and caliph [[Al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Baghdad)|al-Qa'im]] (432-440 AH/1041-1048 AD)
|reign=1041–1050
|coronation=
|predecessor=[[Muhammad of Ghazni]]
|successor=[[Mas'ud II of Ghazni|Mas'ud II]]
|spouse =
|issue=[[Mas'ud II of Ghazni|Mas'ud II]]
|royal house=[[Ghaznavids]]
|father=[[Mas'ud I of Ghazni|Mas'ud I]]
|mother=
|birth_date=
|birth_place=[[Ghazni]]
|death_date=1050
|death_place=[[Ghazni]]
|place of burial=[[Ghazni]]
|religion=[[Sunni Islam]]
}}
'''Shahāb-ud-Dawla Mawdūd''' ({{lang-fa|شهاب‌الدوله مودود}}; died 1050), known as '''Mawdud of Ghazni''' ({{lang|fa|مودود غزنوی}}), was a [[sultan]] of the [[Ghaznavids]] from 1041-50. He seized the throne of the sultanate from his uncle, [[Muhammad of Ghazni]], in revenge for the murder of his father, [[Mas'ud I of Ghazni]]. His brother Majdud in [[Lahore]] did not recognize him as sultan, but his sudden death paved the way for Mawdud to exercise control over the eastern portion of the Ghaznavid Empire.

Mawdud inherited an empire whose entire western half was overrun by the [[Seljuk Empire]] and was battling to continue existing. During his reign the further reaches of the Indian conquests and vassal states also broke away. Mawdud was able to hold on to his Afghan realms and Indus valley territories while pushing north into [[Central Asia]] and stabilizing his western front with the Seljuqs.

[[Keikavus]], author of the ''[[Qabus nama]]'', was a guest at Mawdud's court for seven to eight years.<ref>C.E. Bosworth, ''The Later Ghaznavids'', 35.</ref>

== Biography ==

===Early life===
In 1038, Mawdud was declared by his father as the heir of the Empire. Furthermore, Mawdud helped his father during his campaigns against the Seljuqs and the [[Kara-Khanid Khanate]]. However, Mas'ud was eventually defeated by the Seljuqs at the [[Battle of Dandanaqan]] in 1040, and chose to leave [[Greater Khorasan]] for [[India]], but was taken captive by his own soldiers, and replaced with his brother Muhammad, who had him killed.

===Reign===
Mawdud, who was at [[Balkh]] during that time with his father's ''[[vizier]]'' [[Ahmad Shirazi]], then invaded the domains of Muhammad, and then avenged his father by defeating and killing him at [[Jalalabad]] in 1041. Mawdud, now ruling over all of the Ghaznavid Empire except [[Lahore]], which was under the control of his rebellious brother Majdud, then appointed Ahmad Shirazi as his vizier, while [[Abu Sahl Zawzani]] was appointed as his chief secretary. In 1042, Mawdud invaded the territories of the Seljuqs and briefly occupied Balkh and [[Herat]]. This greatly increased the fame of Mawdud and made the Karakhanid ruler [[Böritigin]] acknowledge him as his suzerain.{{sfn|Bosworth|1968|p=52}} In 1043, Ahmad Shirazi fell out of favor and was replaced with [[Abd al-Razzaq Maymandi]] as Mawdud's vizier. During the same time, a rebellion in [[Sistan]] was quelled by Mawdud's military slave [[Toghrul of Ghazna|Toghrul]].<ref>C.E. Bosworth, ''The Later Ghaznavids'', 29.</ref>

In 1043/4, Mawdud invaded [[Tukharistan]] but was repelled by the Seljuq prince [[Alp Arslan]]. Furthermore, Mawdud also sent soldiers to Sistan in order to exert his authority over the ruler of the region, the [[Nasrid dynasty (Sistan)|Nasrid]] [[Abu'l-Fadl Nasr]]. However, these actions were fruitless, and Sistan soon became a Seljuq vassal state, and thus the Ghaznavid borders were limited to [[Lashkar Gah|Bost]].{{sfn|Bosworth}} During the same time, Majdud died, and Mawdud used the opportunity to capture Lahore. However, a combined army of three [[Hindu]] princes, who had captured many cities from the Ghaznavids, then besieged Lahore, but were defeated. Mawdud then invaded [[Multan]] and repelled the [[Isma'ilism|Ismailis]] who lived in the region.

In ca. 1050, Mawdud, with the aid of Böritigin and an army sent by the former [[Kakuyids|Karkuyid]] ruler [[Garshasp I]] re-invaded Khorasan; Böritigin and his commander Qashgha invaded [[Khwarezm]] and [[Termez]], but Mawdud died and thus the invasion failed. The Seljuqs then extended their rule as far as [[Vakhsh, Tajikistan|Vakhsh]] and appointed a certain Abu 'Ali ibn Shadhan as the governor of their new conquests.{{sfn|Bosworth|1968|p=53}} After this, Böritigin seems to have stopped recognizing the Ghaznavids as his suzerain. Mawdud was succeeded by his son, [[Mas'ud II of Ghazna|Mas'ud II]].

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs | year = 1975 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = Frye | editor-first = R. N. | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | chapter = The early Ghaznavids | pages = 162–198 | isbn = 0-521-20093-8 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=hvx9jq_2L3EC&q=the+cambridge+history+of+iran+4}}
*{{cite encyclopedia | last = Bosworth | first = C. E | title = The Later Ghaznavids: Splendour and Decay: The Dynasty in Afghanistan and Northern India 1040-1186 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YhHVPQAACAAJ&q=The+Later+Ghaznavids | year = 1995 | isbn = 9788121505772 | access-date = 9 May 2014}}
* {{cite book | title = History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume III: The Crossroads of Civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750. | year = 1996 | publisher = UNESCO | location = Paris | last = Davidovich | first = E. A. | chapter = The Karakhanids | pages = 119–145 | isbn = 92-3-103211-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lodSckjlNuMC&q=false}}
* {{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol periods | year = 1968 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = Frye | editor-first = R. N. | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | chapter = The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217) | pages = 1–202 | isbn = 0-521-06936-X | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=16yHq5v3QZAC&pg=PA1}}
* {{cite encyclopedia | article = AḤMAD ŠĪRĀZĪ | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ahmad-b-22 | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 6 | pages = 660–661 | location = London et al. | year = 1984 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia | article = MAWDUD B. MASʿUD | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mawdud-b-masud | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica | location = London et al. }}

{| align=center border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="background: #f9f9f9; text-align:center; border:1px solid #aaa;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:95%"
|-
|width="30%" align="center"|Preceded by:<br>'''[[Muhammad of Ghazni|Muhammad]]'''
|width="40%" align="center"|'''[[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid]] Ruler'''<br>1041–1050
|width="30%" align="center"|Followed by:<br>'''[[Mas'ud II of Ghazna|Ma'sud II]]'''
|}

{{Ghaznavid sultans}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ghaznavi, Mawdud}}
[[Category:1050 deaths]]
[[Category:Ghaznavid rulers]]
[[Category:Medieval India]]
[[Category:11th-century rulers in Asia]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

Mawdud of Ghazni - Revision history

>RandomCanadian: Rollback edit(s) by TrueImperial (talk): WP:BANREVERT (sock) (from contribs) (RW 16.1)

imported>Tom.Reding: +{{Authority control}} (1 ID from Wikidata), WP:GenFixes on