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{{Infobox country
|native_name =
|conventional_long_name = Maukhari Empire
|common_name = Maukhari Empire
|era = [[Middle Kingdoms of India|Classical India]]
|status =
|event_start =
|year_start = {{circa|550 CE}}
|date_start =
|event1 =
|date_event1 =
|event_end =
|year_end = {{circa|606 CE}}
|date_end =
|p1 = Gupta Empire
|flag_p1 =
|p2 =
|flag_p2 =
|s1 = Later Guptas
|s2 = Vardhana dynasty
|flag_s1 =
|image_flag =
|flag_type =
|image_coat =
|image_map = South Asia historical AD590 EN.svg
|image_map_caption = Maukharis and their contemporaries in India
|capital = [[Kannauj]]
|common_languages = [[Sanskrit]]
|religion = [[Hinduism]]<br>[[Buddhism]]
|government_type = Monarchy
|leader1 = Yagna Varman
|year_leader1 =
|leader2 = Isana Varman
|year_leader2 =
|leader3 =
|year_leader3 =
|title_leader = [[Maharaja]]dhirajas
|legislature =
}}
[[File:East-Hem 600ad.jpg|thumb|The Maukharis at their height along with their contemporaries in ancient India]][[File:Maukharis of Kanauj. Isanavarman. Circa AD 535-553.jpg|thumb|260px|<center>Coin of King Iśanavarman of the Maukhari of [[Kannauj]], successors of the Guptas in the Gangetic region. Circa 535-553 CE. The ruler faces to the left, whereas in Gupta coinage the ruler faces to the right. This is possibly a symbol of antagonism and rivalry, as also seen on [[:File:Toramana_coin_in_Western_Gupta_style.jpg|some similar coins]] of [[Toramana]].<ref name="RST">{{cite book |last1=Tripathi |first1=Rama S. |title=History of Kanauj: To the Moslem Conquest |date=1989 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |isbn=9788120804043 |page=45 Note 1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Tnh2QjGhMQC&pg=PA45 |language=en}}</ref></center>]]
{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}
The '''Maukhari dynasty''' was a post-[[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] royal [[India]]n dynasty that controlled vast areas of [[Northern India]] for over six generations. They earlier served as vassals of the [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]] and later by [[Harsha|Harsha's]] Vardhana dynasty. The Maukharis established their independence at [[Kannauj]], during the mid 6th century. The dynasty ruled over much of [[Uttar Pradesh]] and [[Magadha]]. Around 606 CE, a large area of their empire was reconquered by the [[Later Guptas]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/659350/Maukhari-dynasty |title=Maukhari dynasty (Indian dynasty) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia |publisher=Britannica.com |access-date=2013-01-26}}</ref> According to Huien Tssng, the territory may have been lost to King [[Shashanka]] of Gauda, who declared independence circa 600 AD.<ref>{{cite document |last1=Reza |first1=Mohammad Habib |last2=Bandyopadhyay |first2=S. |last3=Mowla |first3=Azizul |title=Traces of Buddhist architecture in Gupta and post-Gupta Bengal: evidence from inscriptions and literature |url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Traces-of-Buddhist-architecture-in-Gupta-and-from-Reza-Bandyopadhyay/01d8436b3f6853868af264136c93701e27033394 |publisher=[[Journal of Eurasian Studies]]|s2cid=163998400 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Dasgupta |first1=Biplab |title=European Trade and Colonial Conquest, Volume 1 |year=2005 |isbn=9781843310280 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ou82_lNAJsMC&pg=PA15 |access-date=25 April 2020}}</ref>

==Religion==
The Maukharis were staunch Hindus. They tried to enforce and maintain the [[Caste system in India|traditional social order]] among the people. [[Hinduism]] received state support, but [[Buddhism]] also managed to remain as a prominent religion.<ref name="Lal"/>

==Army==
The Maukhari army consisted of elephants, cavalry and infantry. Ishanavarman in all probability would have taken much pains to reorganize the army and make it strong and worthy. The Maukhari strategy mainly focused on deploying elephant corps to crush the enemy armies. They were used against the [[Alchon Huns|Hunas]] and the [[Later Gupta dynasty|Later Gupta]] armies.<ref name="Lal">{{cite web |last1=Lal |first1=Avantika |title=World History Encyclopedia: Maukhari Dynasty |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Maukhari_Dynasty/ |website=[[World History Encyclopedia]] }}</ref>

==Administration==
[[Kannauj]], the Maukhari capital, grew in prosperity and importance and as a great cosmopolitan town. After the demise of the Maukharis, it even became the capital of [[Harsha]]. Hence, the city of [[Kanyakubja]] was largely contested by imperial powers.<ref name=Sen>Sen, S.N., 2013, A Textbook of Medieval Indian History, Delhi: Primus Books, {{ISBN|9789380607344}}</ref>{{rp|20}}<ref name="Lal"/><ref name="RST 215">{{cite book |last1=Tripathi |first1=Rama S. |title=History of Kanauj: To the Moslem Conquest |date=1989 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |isbn=9788120804043 |page=215|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Tnh2QjGhMQC&pg=PA45 |language=en}}</ref>

The first three Maukhari kings are mentioned in the inscriptions as [[Maharaja]], but their successors assumed more pompous titles showing the increase in power. Ishanavarman was the first Maukhari ruler to adopt the title Maharajadhiraja.<ref name="Lal"/>

==Literature==
The Maukhari kings were patrons of poets and writers and many literary works were composed during their reign.<ref name="Lal"/>

== Rulers ==

The known Maukhari rulers of ''madhya-desha'' include:{{sfn|Ronald M. Davidson|2012|p=34-35}}

* [[Harivarman|Hari-varman]]<ref>Documented by the Shankarpur copper-plate inscription: see '''SIDDHAM: the asia inscriptions database''': https://siddham.network/inscription/in00067/</ref>
* Aditya-varman
* Ishvara-varman (Iśvaravarman)
* [[Ishanavarman|Ishana-varman]] (Iśanavarman), r. c. 550-560 CE
* Sharva-varman (Śarvavarman), r. c. 560-575 CE
* Avanti-varman, r. c. 575-600 CE
* [[Grahavarman|Graha-varman]], r. c. 600-605 CE

The [[Barabar Caves]] inscriptions attest the existence of another Maukhari branch. This branch ruled as feudatories, probably that of the [[Later Guptas]]. The known rulers of this branch include:<ref>{{cite book |author=Bindeshwari Prasad Sinha |author-link=Bindeshwari Prasad Sinha |title=Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450-1200 A.D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V3KDaZY85wYC&pg=PA109 |year=1977 |publisher=Abhinav |pages=109–110 |oclc=464639312}}</ref>

* ''Nrpa Shri'' Yajna-varman
* ''Nrpa Samantachudamani Shri'' Shardula-varman
* Ananta-varman

==Inscriptions==
<gallery>
File:6th century Asirgarh seal inscription, Sarvavarman, Hindu Maukhari dynasty, Sanskrit.jpg|Asirgarh seal inscription of Sarvavarman, Maukhari dynasty, 6th century .
File:Lomas_Rishi_entrance_inscription.jpg|[[Lomas Rishi]] cave inscription of Anantavarman
File:Barabar_Nagarjuni_Caves,_Anantavarman_Inscription_Sanskrit.jpg|[[Gopika Cave Inscription]] of Anantavarman
File:5th_or_6th_century_Vadathika_Cave_Inscription,_Sanskrit,_Shaivism,_Anantavarman,_Gupta_script,_Ancient_Om_symbol_2.jpg|[[Vadathika Cave Inscription]] of Anantavarman
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Megasthenes]]
*[[List of Hindu Empires and Dynasties]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
{{ref begin}}
* {{cite book |author=Ronald M. Davidson |title=Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nwyeIyWTlEMC |isbn=9780231501026 }}
{{ref end}}

== External links ==
*Joseph Schwartzberg. [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/ The Historical Atlas of South Asia]. Map of the “[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=063 Age of Pusyabhutis & Calukyans, c. A.D. 550-700]”. (Pg 26).

[[Category:Empires and kingdoms of India]]
[[Category:Dynasties of India]]
[[Category:Former empires in Asia]]
[[Category:States and territories established in the 6th century]]
[[Category:Historical Hindu empires]]

Maukhari dynasty - Revision history

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