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{{About|the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India|its namesake district|Mau district|other uses|Mau (disambiguation){{!}}Mau}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mau
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|25|56|30|N|83|33|40|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mau district|Mau]]
| established_title =
| established_date = 1989
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Municipal Council
| governing_body = Mohammad Tayyab Palki (Chairman)
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 20
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name='Census Info'/>
| elevation_m = 63
| population = 278745
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name='Census Info'>{{cite web|url=https://citypopulation.de/en/india/uttarpradesh/mau/0946206000__mau/|title=Uttar Pradesh (India): State, Major Agglomerations & Cities – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=citypopulation.de|access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Urdu]]
| demographics1_title2 = Regional
| demographics1_info2 = [[Bhojpuri language| Bhojpuri]]| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 275101
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +0547
| registration_plate = UP-54
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 978 (as of 2011) [[female|♀]]/[[male|♂]]
| website = {{URL|www.mau.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Mau''', also now known as '''Maunath Bhanjan''', is an industrial town and the headquarter of the [[Mau district]]. It is located in the eastern part of [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. The town is known for its [[saree]] industry which is a traditional business and centuries old art of the people of this city; says, Pallavi Mishra.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/up-s-silk-saree-sector-gets-a-raw-deal-105062901045_1.html|title=UP's silk saree sector gets a raw deal|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=29 June 2005|agency=Press Trust of India}}</ref>

==History==
From historical and archaeological point of views, Mau is one of the oldest places in the region. Ancient cultural and archaeological remains have been found at multiple places in the area giving enough evidence of long history of human habitat in the area. The known archaeological history of Mau is about 1500 years old, when the entire area was covered under thick dense forest. The nuts who used to live along [[Tamsa river]], are considered to be the oldest inhabitants and the ruler of the area.<ref name="mau.nic.in">{{Cite web|url=https://mau.nic.in/about-district/history/|title=History | District Mau, Uttar Pradesh Government | India}}</ref>

As per the records on official webpage of the district, in 1028 A.D. [[Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud|King Syed Shalar Masood Ghazi]] came with a huge army to conquer the area but he went back to [[Afghanistan]], leaving few of his people in the area. A Sufi saint Baba Malik Tahir and his brother Malik Qasim were part of the remaining group. There are places like Malik Tahir Pura and Qasim Pura in the name of these two saints in Mau city. The tomb of Malik Tahir is also present in Malik Tahir Pura and locally known as Mazaar Malik Tahir Baba.<ref name="mau.nic.in"/>

Around 1540-1545, [[Sher Shah Suri]], the famous emperor who defeated [[Humayun]], during his reign visited Kolhuvavan (Madhuban) to meet the great Sufi saint Syed Ahmad Wadva.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-10/lucknow/31046000_1_doharighat-mukhtar-ansari-bsp-ticket |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130913042857/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-10/lucknow/31046000_1_doharighat-mukhtar-ansari-bsp-ticket |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-09-13 |title=Sufi saint's abode now Uttar Pradesh don's den |date=2012-02-10 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2015-10-05}}</ref> Mahvani, one of the daughters of Sher Shah had settled permanently near the dargah of Syed Wadva. The area also finds place in the historical book of [[Ziya'-Ud-Din Barani|Ziyaudeen Barni]] with a description that the great [[Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]] passed through Mau on his way to [[Allahabad]]. Since time immortal, labourer and artisans who were the original inhabitants of this land has kept the fine saree art work alive and despite a gradual decline of the handloom industry in the eastern Uttar Pradesh, the saree industry of Mau still remains the last bastion of handicraft in the area otherwise an industrially thriving region till the end of last century. It is also believed that one of [[Shah Jahan]]'s daughter, [[Jahanara Begum]] had also settled in that area where she built a mosque. The original structure of the mosque is not surviving anymore but place is known as Shahi Qatra and there is a Shahi Mosque in that locality reminding of its past glory.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Sufi-saints-abode-now-dons-den/articleshow/11830609.cms|title = Sufi saint's abode now don's den | Lucknow News - Times of India}}</ref>
[[File:Thakur Bariasan Dev Ji.jpg|thumb]]

During the Indian freedom struggle, the people of Mau had given full support to the movement, and [[Mahatma Gandhi]] had also made a visit to Doharighat region of the district in 1939.<ref name="mau.nic.in"/>

In 1932, [[Azamgarh]] was made independent district, Mau region was a part of it until 1988 when the current area of Mau district was carved out of [[Azamgarh]] on 19 November 1988 to make Mau a separate district in which the then [[Ministry of Power (India)|Union Minister of State of India (Power)]] [[Kalpnath Rai]] played a pivotal role. He is also credited to start an array of developmental activities in the city including new Railway Station and a stadium.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/in-mau-a-complex-tapestry-of-caste-and-religion/article2879547.ece|title = In Mau, a complex tapestry of caste and religion|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 10 February 2012|last1 = Kumar|first1 = Vinay}}</ref>

== Economy ==
Mau is industrial town of eastern UP. After demise of textile industry of Banaras and Mubarakpur, Mau stands as one of the last bastion of textile hubs of UP. A 1998–99 survey of Ministry of Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) puts number of powerlooms at 58,381.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smetimes.in/smetimes/in-depth/2013/Jun/26/gi-tag-varanasi-mau-bhadohi-leading-in-up629606.html |title=GI Tag: Varanasi-Mau-Bhadohi leading in UP |publisher=Smetimes.in |access-date=2015-10-05}}</ref>

There are speculations that this huge industry will benefit if GI is awarded to Mau as well as if clusters (of powerlooms, resembling modern industry) are encouraged. But as of date only one cluster has been identified as Palki Industries Pvt. Ltd. with 4100 units as per MSME survey of 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/Mau%2012..12.12.pdf |title=Government of India : Ministry of MSME : District Industrial Profile of Mau District |publisher=Dcmsme.gov.in |access-date=2015-10-05}}</ref>
Mau also contains three small industrial areas in Tajopur, Shahadatpura and Ghosi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mau.nic.in/Economy/industrial.html |title=An Official Site of District MAU |publisher=Mau.nic.in |access-date=2015-10-05}}</ref>

== Transportation ==
[[File:Mau Bus station.jpg|thumb|alt=a building at night|Bus station of Mau at night]]

==Education==
===Intermediate college===
DAV inter college .
Noomani inter college .
Jeevan ram inter college

===Islamic seminaries===
*[https://jamiaislamiafaizeaam.com/ Al - Jameatul Islamia Faiz-E-Aam]
*[[Jamia Miftahul Uloom]]
*[[Darul Uloom Mau]]
*[[Al-Jamiatul Asaria Darul Hadees]]
*[[Jamia Alia Arabia]]
*[[Hafeez Classes is the best English Spoken Classes, Manager of Danish Hafeez]]

== Weather ==
{{Weather box
|location = Mau
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan high C = 23
|Feb high C = 26
|Mar high C = 33
|Apr high C = 39
|May high C = 42
|Jun high C = 40
|Jul high C = 34
|Aug high C = 33
|Sep high C = 33
|Oct high C = 33
|Nov high C = 29
|Dec high C = 25
|Jan low C = 9
|Feb low C = 11
|Mar low C = 16
|Apr low C = 22
|May low C = 26
|Jun low C = 28
|Jul low C = 26
|Aug low C = 26
|Sep low C = 24
|Oct low C = 20
|Nov low C = 14
|Dec low C = 10
|Jan precipitation mm = 12
|Feb precipitation mm = 18
|Mar precipitation mm = 9
|Apr precipitation mm = 0
|May precipitation mm = 0
|Jun precipitation mm = 96
|Jul precipitation mm = 144
|Aug precipitation mm = 162
|Sep precipitation mm = 201
|Oct precipitation mm = 24
|Nov precipitation mm = 3
|Dec precipitation mm = 6
|source = [Mau Weather]
|date = June 2012
}}

== Demographics ==
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Mau city<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/801200-maunath-bhanjan-uttar-pradesh.html|website=Census 2011|access-date=1 June 2017|title=Maunath Bhanjan Nagar Palika Parishad City Population Census 2011-2021 | Uttar Pradesh}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|56.76}}
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|42.98}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism|Jains]]|pink|0.02}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhists]]|blue|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Others†|black|0.21}}
|caption=Distribution of religions 
†Includes [[Sikh]]s (0.001%), [[Christians]] (<0.001%).
|Founder=Bipul Singh Yadav}}
As per the census of 2011, Mau had a population of 278,745 of which 142,967 are males while 135,778 are females. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 42216 which is 15.15% of total population of Mau. Female Sex Ratio is of 950 against state average of 912 and Child Sex Ratio in Mau is around 952 compared to Uttar Pradesh state average of 902. Literacy rate of Mau city is 77.13% which is higher than the state average of 67.68%. Male literacy is around 82.37% while female literacy rate is 71.60%.

Mau is a Nagar Palika Parishad city and it is divided into 36 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. Mau Nagar Palika Parishad has total administration over 41,078 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Nagar Palika Parishad limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/default.aspx |title=Census of India: Primary Census Abstract |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2015-10-05}}</ref>

In 2001 census, Mau had a population of 1,853,997 of which males were 933,523 and remaining 920,474 were females with the population density of 1087 people per km2.

There are 978 Females for every 1000 Male and child sex ratio of girls is 946 per 1000 boys in Mau, Which is above the national average of 940.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://mau.nic.in/AboutDistrict/population.html |title=An Official Site of District MAU |publisher=Mau.nic.in |access-date=2015-10-05}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Kalpnath Rai]]
*[[Fiza Ibn-e-Faizi]]
*[[Atul Kumar Anjaan]]
*[[Laxmi Narayan Mishra]]
*[[Shyam Narayan Pandey]]
*[[Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri]]
*[[Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami]]
*[[Habib Al-Rahman Al-Azmi]]
*[[Habibur Rahman Nomani]]
*[[Saeed-ur-Rahman Azmi Nadvi]]
*[[Salim Ansari]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120401223559/http://mau.nic.in/default.htm District Website of MAU NATH BHANJAN]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 # Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)]

{{Mau district}}
{{Azamgarh division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Mau| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Mau district]]
[[Category:Cities in Uttar Pradesh]]

Mau, Uttar Pradesh - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article