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{{Infobox person
|name = Matsuki Miyazaki
|image =
|image_size =
|caption =
|birth_date = January 10, 1900
|birth_place = [[Yatsushiro, Kumamoto]]
|death_date = {{d-da|June 14, 1972|January 10, 1900}}
|known_for = Studies on War and Leprosy (1948), Segregationalist of leprosy control, Foundation of a leper institution in India and death from an airplane accident
|occupation = Physician, Director of [[Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium]] (1934 - 1958)
|nationality = Japan
}}

{{nihongo|'''Matsuki Miyazaki'''|宮崎松記|Miyazaki Matsuki|extra=January 10, 1900 – June 14, 1972}} was a Japanese medical doctor, the director of the Kyushu Sanatorium ([[Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium]]) (1934–1958) in Kumamoto, Japan. He studied war and leprosy and found that stress was a great factor in the development of [[leprosy]]. He later established a leprosy center belonging to Japan Leprosy Mission of Asia, in [[India]]. He died in the [[Japan Airlines Flight 471]] airplane accident in 1972.

== Life ==

=== Early life ===
He was born in [[Yatsushiro]] City, Kumamoto Prefecture in 1900. He was interested in leprosy when he was a Fifth Higher School student. He visited the neighboring Kaishun Byoin, a leprosy hospital which [[Hannah Riddell]] established. After studying at the Medical Faculty, [[Kyoto University|Kyoto Imperial University]], he became a chief surgeon at the Osaka Red Cross Hospital. In 1934, he was named the director of the Kyushu Leprosarium. (Later, renamed [[Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium]])

=== Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium ===
He had been the director for difficult years between 1934 and 1958, since there were great and constant changes in the treatment and life of leprosy patients in the sanatorium. He invited a branch of the National Hansen's Disease Research Institute to his sanatorium (1955–1957), and activated research works for many medical doctors.

Concerning the segregation policy, he testified before the Upper House that all patients be hospitalized, and during the history of the Kikuchi Keifuen, the hospitalized patients became the maximum number at his resignation. He has been criticized for his stubborn segregation policy.

=== Japan Leprosy Mission of Asia in India (Jalma Center) ===
In 1959, he traveled to [[India]] to study the leprosy situation there. In 1964, he established a leprosy center of Japan Leprosy Mission of Asia, in Agra, India(Jalma Center) and assumed the post of the first director. It was established for the purpose of cooperative basic research of leprosy among Asian nations. Following his death in 1972, Mitsugu Nishiura served as the second director of the Center. In 1976, this center was transferred to the Indian Government.

== His Studies on War and Leprosy ==
He made intensive studies on war and leprosy. In 1937, he demanded the Army and Navy authorities that those who developed leprosy during service should receive increased pension (treatment same as those who developed [[tuberculosis]] during service). It was realized in 1940.

He read an invited paper in 1947 at a Japanese leprosy congress, and published it.<ref>war and leprosy. Miyazaki M. Repura 17,1-7,1948</ref> Studying patients with leprosy in his sanatorium who had developed while serving for the Army and Navy of Japan; he discussed various factors such as the kinds of stress, the duration of the draft and the development of symptoms, and concluded that one of the incentives was enormous stress.

== Tatsudaryo Incident (Kurokami Primary School Incident) ==
For the children born of patients, there was a small facility called Tatsudaryo, and he endeavoured so that the pupils would attend a normal primary school. Because of [[leprosy stigma]], social disturbances including strikes of schooling occurred. Although he worked in order to reduce leprosy stigma, this incident reminded people that [[leprosy stigma]] was still deep-rooted at that time.

== References ==
* Thank you, Grandfather in India. In memory of Matsuki Miyazaki. 1992. (In Japanese)
* Hyakunen no Seisou. On 100 years of presence. Kikuchi Keifuen. 2009. (In Japanese)

== Footnotes ==
<references/>

== External links ==
* [http://sanchai-documents.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2009-01-23 Present leprosy center, Agra]
* [http://www.kumamotokokufu-h.ed.jp/kumamoto/shoukai/rekisi/matuki.html 宮崎松記　熊本国府高校]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110522144922/http://kyushu.yomiuri.co.jp/magazine/katari/0704/kt_704_070414.htm 宮崎松記解説]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Miyazaki, Matsuki}}
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:Japanese leprologists]]
[[Category:Kyoto University alumni]]
[[Category:Aftermath of war]]
[[Category:People from Yatsushiro, Kumamoto]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in India]]
[[Category:Japanese leper hospital administrators]]

Matsuki Miyazaki - Revision history

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