https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=MashafiMashafi - Revision history2026-10-21T20:57:38ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mashafi&diff=516669&oldid=prevEmilBarraza at 17:26, 26 February 20262026-02-26T17:26:46Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Indian Urdu poet (1751–1844)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] --><br />
| name = Mashafi<br />
| image = File:Mushafi-ghulam-hamdani.png<br />
| imagesize =<br />
| caption =<br />
| pseudonym = <br />
| birth_name = Ghulam Ali Hamdani<br />
| birth_date = 1751<br />
| birth_place = [[Amroha]], [[Mughal Empire]]<ref>Petievich, Carla. "Rekhti: Impersonating the feminine in Urdu poetry." (2001): 75-90.</ref><ref>Fatihi, A. R. "Semantic Space in Lesbian Lingo of REkhti."</ref> (present-day India)<br />
| death_date = 1844 (aged 93)<br />
| death_place = [[Lucknow]]<br />
| occupation = [[Urdu poet]]<br />
| period = [[Mughal era]]<br />
| genre = [[Ghazal]]<br />
| subject = [[Love]], [[philosophy]]<br />
| movement =<br />
| signature =<br />
| website =<br />
| footnotes =<br />
}}<br />
'''Ghulam Ali Hamdani'''{{Efn|{{langx|ur|غلام علی ہمدانی|Ghulām ʿAlī Hamdānī}}}} (1751&ndash;1844), commonly known by the {{Transliteration|ur|[[takhallus]]}} '''Mashafi''',{{Efn|{{langx|ur|مصحفی|translit=Maṣḥafī}}}} was an [[Urdu]] [[ghazal]] poet.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and poetics|date=26 August 2012|publisher=Princeton University Press|page=1499|isbn=978-0691154916|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=MJVlZjIe5o8C&q=Ghulam+Hamdani+Mushafi&pg=PA1499}}</ref><br />
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== Works ==<br />
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Before his time, the language known as Hindi, Hindavi, Dehlavi, Dakhini, Lahori or Rekhta was commonly known as the ''Zaban-i-Ordu'',<ref>Maldonado Garcia, Maria Isabel. "The Urdu language reforms." Studies 26 (2011): 97.</ref> and commonly in local literature and speech, ''Lashkari Zaban'' or Lashkari.<ref>{{cite book|title=Speaking Like a State: Language and Nationalism in Pakistan|author=Alyssa Ayres|date=23 July 2009|page=19|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=9780521519311}}</ref> Mashafi was the first person to simply shorten the later name to ''[[Urdu]]''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Marathwada Under the Nizams|author=P.V. Kate|year=1987|page=136|publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=9788170990178|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tjndiykddsIC&q=Ghulam+Hamdani+Mushafi&pg=PA136 }}</ref> He migrated to [[Lucknow]] during the reign of [[Asaf-ud-Daula]]. According to one source, his ghazals are full of [[pathos]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Lucnow: the last phase of an oriental culture|date=12 May 1994|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=255|isbn=9780195633757|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NgcWAQAAMAAJ&q=Ghulam+Hamdani+Mushafi }}</ref><br />
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He wrote ''Tazkira E Hindi'' in [[Persian language]] which demonstrates his skill in that tongue.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-15 |title=Tazkira-e-Hindi by Mushafi Ghulam Hamdani {{!}} Rekhta |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/tazkira-e-hindi-mushafi-ghulam-hamdani-ebooks |access-date=2022-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015101456/https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/tazkira-e-hindi-mushafi-ghulam-hamdani-ebooks |archive-date=15 October 2022 }}</ref> He also wrote in [[Hindustani language|Hindavi]]:<br />
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{{cquote|''مصحفی'' ''فارسی کو طاق پہ رکھ'' <br />
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''اب ہے اشعار ہندوی کا رواج''<ref>{{Cite web |title=مصحفی غلام ہمدانی - شعر |url=https://www.rekhta.org/couplets/mushafii-faarsii-ko-taaq-pe-rakh-mushafi-ghulam-hamdani-couplets?lang=ur |access-date=2022-10-15 |website=Rekhta |language=ur}}</ref><br />
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''Mashafi farsi ko taq pe rakh''<br />
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''Ab hai ashaar- e-Hindavi ka rivaj''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-15 |title=A Historical Perspective of Urdu {{!}} National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language |url=https://www.urducouncil.nic.in/council/historical-perspective-urdu |access-date=2022-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015162643/https://www.urducouncil.nic.in/council/historical-perspective-urdu |archive-date=15 October 2022 }}</ref><br />
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There are ten extant collections of his poems, but it is believed that he allowed others for a fee to publish his poems under their own authorship.<ref>{{cite book|title=Muslim Attitudes towards British Rule…|author=Mujib Ashraf|year=1982|publisher=University of Michigan|page=203|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=smZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Ghulam+Hamdani+Mushafi }}</ref> His personal life lacked discipline and his poetry reflects a level of sensuality.<ref>{{cite book|title=Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide|author=Abdul Jamil Khan|year=2006|page=189|isbn=9780875864389|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=nH1HBxdA1UIC&q=Ghulam+Hamdani+Mushafi&pg=PA189 }}</ref> He excelled in lyrics but also composed odes and romances.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Literature Vol.1|year=1946|publisher=Philosophical Library|page=570|isbn=9780802215581 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=u1IGAQAAIAAJ&q=Ghulam+Hamdani+Mushafi }}</ref><br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[List of Urdu poets]]<br />
* [[Rekhta]]<br />
* [[Ghazal]]<br />
* [[Masud Sa'd Salman]]<br />
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== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mushafi}}<br />
[[Category:Poets from the Mughal Empire]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu-language Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:1751 births]]<br />
[[Category:1824 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:People from Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Lucknow]]<br />
[[Category:18th-century Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from Uttar Pradesh]]</div>EmilBarraza