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{{short description|American writer}}
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| name = Maryam Jameelah
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'''Maryam Jameelah''' (May 23, 1934 – October 31, 2012) was an American-Pakistani author of over thirty books on [[Islam]]ic culture and history and a prominent female voice for conservative Islam, known for her writings about [[Western world|the West]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefridaytimes.com/beta3/tft/article.php?issue=20121109&page=20 |title=Maryam Jameelah, 1934-2012 |publisher=Thefridaytimes.com |access-date=2013-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203151211/http://www.thefridaytimes.com/beta3/tft/article.php?issue=20121109&page=20 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Born '''Margret Marcus''' in [[New York City]] to a non-observant Jewish family, she explored [[Judaism]] and other faiths during her teens before converting to Islam in 1961 and emigrating to [[Pakistan]]. She was married to and had five children with Muhammad Yusuf Khan, a leader in the [[Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan|Jamaat-e-Islami]] political party, and resided in the city of [[Lahore]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Esposito|Voll|pp=54,58}}</ref><ref name = NYPL>{{cite web|url=http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/rbk/faids/jameelah.pdf|title=Maryam Jameelah Papers|publisher=Manuscripts and Archives Division, [[New York Public Library]]}}</ref>

==Biography==
Jameelah was born Margret Marcus in [[New Rochelle]], New York, to parents of German Jewish descent, and spent her early years in [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester]]. As a child, Marcus was psychologically and socially ill at ease with her surroundings, and her mother described her as bright, exceptionally bright, but also "very nervous, sensitive, high-strung, and demanding". Even while in school she was attracted to Asian and particularly Arab culture and history, and counter to the support for [[Israel]] among people around her, she generally sympathised with the plight of Arabs and Palestinians.<ref>{{Harvnb|Esposito|Voll|2001|pp=54–55}}</ref> Another source describes her interests as zigzagging from [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]] photographs, to "Palestinian suffering, then a Zionist youth group and, ultimately, fundamentalist Islam."<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/22/books/review/book-review-the-convert-by-deborah-baker.html?ref=books&pagewanted=print A New York Jewish Girl Becomes an Islamist], book review By LORRAINE ADAMS, 20 May 2011
</ref>

She entered the [[University of Rochester]] after high-school, but had to withdraw before classes began because of psychiatric problems. In Spring, 1953, she entered [[New York University]]. There she explored [[Reform Judaism]], [[Orthodox Judaism]], [[Ethical Culture]] and the [[Baháʼí Faith]], but found them unsatisfactory, especially in their support for [[Zionism]]. In the summer of 1953, she suffered another nervous breakdown and fell into despair and exhaustion. It was during this period that she returned to her study of Islam and read the [[Quran]]. She was also inspired by [[Muhammad Asad]]'s ''[[The Road to Mecca (book)|The Road to Mecca]]'', which recounted his journey and eventual conversion from Judaism to Islam. At NYU she took a course on Judaism's influence on Islam which was taught by [[Rabbi]] and scholar [[Abraham Katsch]], which ironically strengthened her attraction to Islam. However Marcus's health grew worse and she dropped out of the university in 1956 before graduation; from 1957 to 59 she was hospitalized for [[schizophrenia]].<ref name = NYPL/><ref>{{Harvnb|Esposito|Voll|2001|p=56}}</ref>

Returning home to [[White Plains, New York|White Plains]] in 1959, Marcus involved herself with various Islamic organizations, and began corresponding with Muslim leaders outside America, particularly [[Abul Ala Maududi|Maulana Abul Ala Maududi]],<ref name="NM94">{{cite book |last1=Naseem |first1=Mirza |title=Contribution of Maryam Jameelah to Islamic thought |page=94 |url=https://sg.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55467/9/09_chapter%203.pdf#page=17 |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref> a leader of [[Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan|Jamaat-e-Islami]] (Islamic Society) in Pakistan. Finally, on May 24, 1961, she converted to Islam and adopted the name ''Maryam Jameelah''. After accepting Mawlana Maududi's invitation she emigrated to Pakistan in 1962, where she initially resided with him and his family. In 1963, she married Muhammad Yusuf Khan, a member of Jamaat-e-Islami, becoming his second wife. She had five children: two boys and three girls (the first of whom died in infancy). Jameelah regards these years (1962–64) to be the formative period of her life during which she matured and began her life's work as a Muslim defender of conservative Islam.<ref name = NYPL/><ref>{{Harvnb|Esposito|Voll|2001|pp=56–57}}</ref>

==Writings==
Jameelah started writing her first novel, ''Ahmad Khalil: The Story of a Palestinian Refugee and His Family'' at the age of twelve; she illustrated her book with pencil sketches and color drawings. She also studied drawing in Fall 1952 at [[Art Students League of New York]], and exhibited her work at Baháʼí Center's [[Caravan of East and West]] art gallery. On her emigration to Pakistan she was told that drawings of animals and humans was un-Islamic by Maududi, and abandoned it in favor of writing.<ref name = NYPL/><ref>{{Harvnb|Esposito|Voll|2001|pp=55,57}}</ref> Her writings are supplemented by a number of audio and video tapes.<ref>{{Harvnb|Haddad|Smith|Moore|2006|p=149}}</ref>

Jameelah was a prolific author, offering a conservative defense of traditional Islamic values and culture. She was deeply critical of [[secularism]], [[materialism]] and [[modernization]], both in Western society, as well as in Islam. She regarded traditions such as [[veil]]ing, [[Polygamy in Islam|polygamy]], and gender segregation ([[purdah]]) to be ordained by the [[Quran]] and by the words of [[Muhammad]], and considered movements to change these customs to be a betrayal of Islamic teachings.<ref>{{Harvnb|Feener|2004|p=115}}</ref> Jameelah's books and articles have been translated into several languages including [[Urdu]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Esposito|Voll|2001|pp=54}}</ref> Her correspondence, manuscripts, bibliographies, chronologies, speeches, questionnaires, published articles, photographs, videocassettes, and artwork are included in the ''Humanities and Social Sciences Library'' collection of the [[New York Public Library]].<ref name = NYPL/> Jameelah's life is the subject of a book by the biographer [[Deborah Baker]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/22/books/review/book-review-the-convert-by-deborah-baker.html | work=The New York Times | first=Lorraine | last=Adams | title=Book Review - The Convert - By Deborah Baker | date=20 May 2011}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
;Books by Jameelah
*''A great Islamic movement in Turkey: Badee-u-Zaman Said Nursi''
*''A manifesto of the Islamic movement''
*''A select bibliography of Islamic books in English''
*''Ahmad Khalil: the biography of a Palestinian Arab refugee''
*''At home in Pakistan (1962-1989) : the tale of an American expatriate in her adopted country''
*''Correspondence between Abi-l-A'La Al-Maudoodi and Maryam Jameelah''<ref name="NM94"/>
*''Islam and Modernism''
*''Islam and orientalism''
*''Islam and the Muslim woman today''
*''Islam and our social habits : Islamic manners versus Western etiquette''
*''Islam and modern man : the prospects for an Islamic renaissance, the call of Islam to modern man''
*''Islam versus Ahl al-Kitab: past and present''
*''Islam versus the West''
*''Islamic culture in theory and practice''
*''Islam face to face with the current crisis''
*''Is Western civilization universal?''
*''Memoirs of childhood and youth in America (1945-1962) : the story of one Western convert's quest for truth''
*''Modern technology and the dehumanization of man ''
*''Shaikh Hassan alBanna & al Ikhwan al-Muslimun''
*''Shaikh Izz-ud-Din Al-Qassam Shaheed : a great Palestinian mujahid, (1882-1935) : his life and work''
*''Shehu Uthman dan Fodio, a great mujaddid of West Africa''
*''The Generation Gap - Its Causes and Consequences''
*''The Holy Prophet and his impact on my life''
*''The resurgence of Islam and our liberation from the colonial yoke''
*''Three Great Islamic Movements in the Arab World of the Recent Past''
*''Two great Mujahadin of the recent past and their struggle for freedom against foreign rule : Sayyid Ahmad Shahid; Imam Shamil: a great Mujahid of Russia''
*''Westernization and Human Welfare''
*''Western civilization condemned by itself; a comprehensive study of moral retrogression and its consequences''
*''Western imperialism menaces Muslims''
*''Why I embraced Islam''

;Biography
* ''The Convert: A Tale of Exile and Extremism'', [[Deborah Baker]], Macmillan, 2011.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |author1=Voll, John Obert |author2=Esposito, John L. |title=Makers of contemporary Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2001 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/makersofcontempo00john/page/54 54–67] |isbn=0-19-514127-X |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eBqEBOXrEJgC&pg=PA54 |chapter=Maryam Jameelah: Voice of conservative Islam |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/makersofcontempo00john/page/54 }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/rbk/faids/jameelah.pdf|title=Maryam Jameelah Papers|publisher=Manuscripts and Archives Division, [[New York Public Library]]}}
*{{cite book |editor-first=Feener|editor-last=R. Michael |title=Islam in World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives |author = Rozehnal, Robert|chapter= Debating orthodoxy, contesting tradition: Islam in contemporary South Asia| publisher=ABC-CLIO |location=Santa Barbara, Calif |year=2004 |isbn=1-57607-516-8 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zsjuQaGLRUkC}}
*{{cite book |author1=Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck |author2=Smith, Jane Bandy |author3=Moore, Kathleen Dean |title=Muslim women in America: the challenge of Islamic identity today |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2006 |isbn=0-19-517783-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/muslimwomeniname00hadd }}
*{{cite book |author=Baker, Deborah |title=The Convert, A Tale of Exile and Extremism |publisher=Graywolf Press |location=New York |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-55597-582-1 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-4HrCzUxM1QC&q=the+convert+baker&pg=PT2 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* http://www.jannah.org/sisters/jameelah.html

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jameelah, Maryum}}
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:American emigrants to Pakistan]]
[[Category:Converts to Islam]]
[[Category:American Muslims]]
[[Category:American people of German-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan politicians]]
[[Category:Jewish American writers]]
[[Category:New York University alumni]]
[[Category:Pakistani people of American-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Pakistani people of German-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Pakistani Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Writers from New Rochelle, New York]]
[[Category:People with schizophrenia]]
[[Category:Writers from Lahore]]

Maryam Jameelah - Revision history

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