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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Marudeeswarar Temple
| image = T. Edaiyar5.JPG
| alt =
| caption =
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in [[Tamil Nadu]]
| coordinates = {{coord|11|53|35|N|79|20|12|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| other_names =
| proper_name =
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| district = [[Viluppuram district|Viluppuram]]
| locale =
| elevation_m =
| deity = Marudeeswarar([[Shiva]])
| festivals=
| architecture = [[Dravidian architecture]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator =
| website =
}}

'''Marudeeswarar Temple''' (மருதீஸ்வரர் கோயில்)<ref name="ta.wikipedia.org">[[:ta:இடையாறு மருதீசர் கோயில்]]</ref> (also called '''Idayatrunathar Temple''') is a [[Hindu temple]] dedicated to the deity [[Shiva]], located in [[T. Edaiyar]], a village in [[Viluppuram district]] in the [[South India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. Shiva is worshipped as Marudeeswarar, and is represented by the ''[[lingam]]''. His consort [[Parvati]] is depicted as Gnanambigai. The temple is located on the Southern banks of [[Thenpennai River]] on the Thirukoilur - Thiruvennainallur road. The presiding deity is revered in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical work, the ''[[Tevaram]]'', written by Tamil saint poets known as the [[nayanmars]] and classified as ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]''.

The temple complex covers an area of one acre and all its shrines are enclosed with concentric rectangular walls. The temple has a number of shrines, with those of Marudeeswarar and his consort Gnanambigai being the most prominent.

The temple has three daily rituals at various times from 6:00 a.m. to 8:30 p.m., and four yearly festivals on its calendar. Thayar Aaratu festival during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil month]] of ''Thai'' (January - February) is the most prominent festival celebrated in the temple.

The original complex is believed to have been built by [[Cholas]], while the present masonry structure was built during the 16th century. In modern times, the temple is maintained and administered by the [[Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department]] of the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]].

==Legend and history==
[[File:T. Edaiyar1.JPG|250px|thumb|left|The central shrine as viewed from the first precinct]]
As per Hindu legend, sage Sukhabrahmma was overhearing the Sivarahasya, the secret that Shiva was telling his wife [[Parvathi]] in [[Kailasa]]. Shiva cursed the sage for the offence. The sage prayed to Shiva to propitiate his sins - Shiva was pleased by the devotion and gave him a boon that he would be born as sage [[Vyasa]] in his next birth. It is believed that sage Vyasa resided in this place and worshipped Shiva to relieve off his curse. As per another legend, sage [[Agastya]] installed and worshipped a Linga, which is called Agastya Linga. Another legend indicates that [[Somaskanda]] depiction is usually indicated with child Skanda (Muruga) depicted between Shiva and Parvathi. This temple has Bala Vinayaga in place of Skanda in the Somaskanda image.<ref name=dinamalar/>

The original complex is believed to have been built by [[Cholas]], while the present masonry structure was built during the 16th century. There are inscriptions from later [[Chola]] emperors like [[Rajaraja Chola I]] (985–1014), [[Kulothunga Chola I]] (1070–1120) and [[Rajendra Chola III]] (1246–1279). There are inscriptions from [[Pandya]] kings like [[Maravarman Sundara Pandyan]] (1216–1238), Maarvarman Vikrama Pandiyan and Maravarman Veerpandiyan. The contributions of the kings of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]] like [[Achyuta Raya]], [[Sadasiva Raya]] (1542–1570) and Rama Deva are also found in the inscriptions.<ref>{{cite web|title=Idaiyaaru|url=http://www.thevaaram.org/thirumurai_1/koil_view.php?koil_idField=34|publisher=Thevaaram.org|year=2011|accessdate=14 March 2016}}</ref>

==Architecture==
{{Multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center
|align=right
| total_width = 350
| width1 = 3264 | height1 = 2448
| width2 = 3264 | height2 = 2448
|direction=horizontal
|image1=T. Edaiyar6.JPG
|image2=T. Edaiyar2.JPG
|footer=The shrines of the temple
}}
Marundeeswarar temple is located on the Southern banks of [[Thenpennai River]] on the Thirukoilur - Thiruvennainallur road in a village called [[T. Edaiyar]], around {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Thiruvennainallur]]. The temple has a three-tiered [[gopuram]], the gateway tower and all the shrines of the temple are enclosed in concentric rectangular granite walls. The central shrine is approached through the gateway tower, a flag post, a mukha mandapa and an Ardha mandapa, all of which are axial to the sanctum. The central shrine houses the image of Marundeeswarar in the form of [[Lingam]]. The shrine of Irulneeki Thayar (also called Anthaga Nivarini), facing West is located in a shrine behind sanctum. The central shrine is approached through a Mahamandapam and Arthamandapam. As in other Shiva temples in Tamil Nadu, the shrines of [[Vinayaka]], [[Murugan]], [[Navagraha]], Chandekeswara and [[Durga]] are located around the precinct of the main shrine. There is a shrine of Agastheeswarar in the second precinct in the southeastern direction. The shrine of Gnanambigai is on the South Western corner of the temple facing East. The temple is so designed that the Sun rays fall directly on the image of Lingam during two days of April.<ref name=dinamalar/> The temple tree, Maruda maram, is located in the second precinct.<ref name=Saiva4>{{cite book|title=Saiva Encyclopaedia volume 4 - Thirumurai Thalangal|editor-last=Dr. R.|editor-first=Selvaganapathy|publisher=Saint Sekkizhaar Human Resource Development Charitable Trust|location=Chennai, India|year=2013|pages=70–1}}</ref>

==Religious importance and festivals==
[[File:T. Edaiyar3.JPG|200px|left|thumb|The Agasteeswarar shrine within the temple]]
[[Campantar|Tirugnana Sambandar]], a 7th-century Tamil ''Saivite'' poet, venerated Idaiyatreeswarar in ten verses in ''[[Tevaram]]'', compiled as the ''[[Tirumurai|First Tirumurai]]''. [[Sundarar]], an 8th-century nayanmar, also venerated Idaiyatreeswarar in 10 verses in ''Tevaram'', compiled as the ''Fifth Tirumurai''. As the temple is revered in ''Tevaram'', it is classified as ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]'', one of the 275 temples that find mention in the Saiva canon.<ref name=R/>

The temple priests perform the ''[[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]]'' (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. The temple rituals are performed three times a day; ''Kalasanthi'' at 8:00 a.m., ''Uchikalam'' at 12:00 a.m. and ''Sayarakshai'' at 6:00 p.m. Each ritual comprises four steps: ''[[abhisheka]]'' (sacred bath), ''alangaram'' (decoration), ''[[Naivedhya|naivethanam]]'' (food offering) and ''deepa aradanai'' (waving of lamps) for Marundeeswarar and Gnanambigai. There are weekly rituals like ''{{lang|te-Latn|somavaram}}'' (Monday) and ''{{lang|te-Latn|sukravaram}}'' (Friday), fortnightly rituals like ''[[pradosha]]m'', and monthly festivals like ''[[amavasya|amavasai]]'' (new moon day), ''kiruthigai'', ''[[pournami (festival)|pournami]]'' (full moon day) and ''sathurthi''. The Thayar Aaratu festival during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil month]] of ''Thai'' (January - February) is the most important festivals of the temple.<ref name=dinamalar>{{cite web|title=Sri Marundeesar temple|url=https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=238|publisher=[[Dinamalar]]|year=2014|access-date=24 November 2015}}</ref><ref name=R>{{cite book|title=An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY2lZpy.TVA_BOK_0006115|last=R.|first=Dr. Vijayalakshmy|
publisher=International Institute of Tamil Studies| location=Chennai|year=2001|edition=1st|pages=146–7}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Kripapureeswarar Temple]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Maruntheeswarar Temple, T.Idayar}}

{{Famous Shiva temples|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]
[[Category:Shiva temples in Viluppuram district]]

Marundeeswarar Temple, T. Edayar - Revision history

DessieIqj504: put up new place