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{{Short description|Hindu temple in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Marundeeswarar Temple
| image = marundeeswarar7.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Marundeeswarar Temple and Tank in the morning sunlight
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
| coordinates = {{coord|12|59|08|N|80|15|41|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| district =
| locale = [[Tiruvanmiyur]], [[Chennai]]
| elevation_m =
| deity = Marundeeswarar ([[Shiva]])
| festivals= Panguni Brahmmotsavam in March- April, Shivrathri in February–March<ref>{{cite web|title=Festivals of the temple|url=http://www.marundeeswarartemple.tnhrce.in/festival-marndesswar.html|year=2014|publisher=Marundeeswarar Temple administration|access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref>
| architecture = [[Tamil architecture]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| date_built =
| creator = [[Cholas]]
| website =
}}

'''Marundeeswarar Temple''' is a temple dedicated to Hindu deity [[Shiva]], located in [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Chennai]] adjacent to the beach of [[Bay of Bengal]]. It is one of the 275 ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]s'' where two of the most revered [[Nayanars]] ([[Saivite]] Saints), [[Appar]] and [[Campantar|Tirugnana Sambandar]], have glorified the temple with their verses during the 7th century CE. The temple has been widely expanded by [[Chola]] kings during the 11th century CE.<ref name="matters"/> The temple has two seven-tiered gateway towers, a huge tank, with the overall temple area covering 1 acre. The Marundeeswarar temple has been a place of curative worship for people with diseases.

The temple has six daily rituals at various times from [[5:30]] a.m. to 10 p.m., and twelve yearly festivals on its calendar. The present masonry structure was built during the [[Chola dynasty]] in the 9th century, while later expansions are attributed to Vijayanagar rulers. The temple is maintained and administered by the [[Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department]] of the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]. The latest consecration of the temple after renovation was performed during February 2020. The previous one was in May 2008.

== Legend ==
[[File:Thiruvanmiyur5.jpg|250px|left|thumb|Marundeeswarar shrine]]
Marundeeswarar is known so because he imparted sage [[Agastya]] on curative properties of various herbs and plants.<ref name="matters">[[#Hodgetts|Hodgetts 2008]], p.55</ref> Since then the Marundeeswarar temple has been a place of worship for people with diseases and various problems with their health.<ref name="ttdc"/> It is said that sage [[Valmiki]], who wrote ''[[Ramayana]]'', worshiped Shiva in the temple.<ref name="kamath"/> Since Valmiki was blessed here, the place was to be known as Thiruvalmikiyur, which is pronounced as 'Thiruvanmikiyur' in Tamil, the name gradually changed to Thiruvanmiyur.<ref name="V.">[[#V.|V. 2006]], p. 14</ref> There is a place present in Thiruvanmiyur called Valmiki Nagar in his honour. There is also a shrine for the sage on the Western side of the temple on what is presently called the East Coast Road (ECR).<ref name="V."/> The [[lingam]] for which [[Hanuman]] performed [[Puja (Hinduism)|pooja]], the lingam (Meenakshi Sundareswarar) that cured the curse of [[Indra]], the Lingam for which Saint [[Bharadwaja]] performed pooja are present here. [[Markandeya]]r performed a penance and prayed to Shiva here, [[Brahma]] conducted a festival here for Shiva. The presiding deity is also called Palvannanathar as [[Kamadhenu]], the sacred cow, is said to have performed oblation on the Sivalingam with her milk. As per another legend, Sun and Moon perform their worship practices daily during sunset on account of which the main shrine is believed to be facing west.<ref name=A>{{cite book|title=Temples of South India|first=Ambujam |last=Anantharaman|page=24|publisher=East West Books (Madras)|year=2006|isbn=978-81-88661-42-8}}</ref>

== History==
[[File:Marudheeshwarar kovil--Rajagopuram.jpg|thumb|250px|The temple's rajagopuram (main tower)]]
[[File:Marundeeshwarar Dwajasthambham.jpg|thumb|Dwajasthambham (sacred mast) near the western entrance of the temple]]
The road starting from Marundeeswarar temple, now called [[East Coast Road|ECR]] was an important route during the [[Chola]] period and was known as Vadagaperuvazhi, connecting the kingdom to places in [[Thanjavur]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name="ECR">{{cite news|title= 10 years of East Coast Road: Monumental neglect|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/article2979123.ece|work=The Hindu|date=10 Mar 2012|access-date = 2012-06-18 }}</ref> Inscriptions can be found in the shrine of Tripurasundari Amman dating back to the 11th century during the period of [[Rajendra Chola]].<ref name="kamath">[[#Kamath|Kamath 2002]], pp.40-41</ref><ref name="ECR"/> The origins and antiquity of this temple is corroborated by the inscriptions found in other temples in the city namely Kapaleeswarar Temple, Virupaksheeswarar Temple and [[Thiruvidandai]] which bear testimony to Tiruvanmiyur's existence. A new life has been put into this ancient worshipping place, first in the year 1903 and then in the 1970s. This temple along with the [[Kapaleeswarar Temple]] and the [[Thyagaraja Temple, Tiruvottiyur|Thiruvottiyur Thyagarajaswamy Temple]] form the famous Trinity Sea Shore temples of Thondai Mandalam.<ref name=A/>

== Architecture ==
[[File:Thiruvanmiyur2.jpg|250px|thumb|Temple tower]]
[[File:Goddess Tiripurasundari Sannathi.jpg|thumb|Shrine of presiding deity]]
The temple is believed to have partial feature of [[Pallava dynasty]] and partially with [[Chola art]]. The temple has two entrances, one from East Coast Road and the other from West Tank Street both adorned by 5-tiered ''[[gopuram]]'' (gateway tower).<ref name="ttdc">{{cite web|title=Tamil Nadu Tourism Newsletter March 2009|url=http://tamilnadutourism.org/pdf/NEWSLETTER-MARCH-2009.pdf|publisher=Tamil Nadu Tourism|page=2|date=Mar 2009|access-date=2012-06-18|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515202312/http://tamilnadutourism.org/pdf/NEWSLETTER-MARCH-2009.pdf|archive-date=2012-05-15}}</ref> The Entrance from the West Tank Street has got three gates whereas the entrance from the East Coast Road has only one gate. The temple occupies an area of about 1 acre – numerous images adorn the pillars of the temple, while stucco figures adorn the ''gopurams''.<ref name="ttdc"/> The ''mandapam'' (hall) housing the Somaskanda form of Shiva has 36 massive pillars adorned with carvings.<ref name="ttdc"/> Devasriyan mantapam inside the temple conducts Shaiva Sidhantha lectures every day between 7 pm and 8.30 pm.

The temple has smaller shrines for [[Ganesha]], [[Murugan]], there is a shine for 3 Ganeshas who control all three time periods, adjacent to this a vedagama padasalai is situated. The shiva linga is a swayambu (or a natural formation and not built like Kapaleeshwara temple at Mylapore). Hence pure cows milk alone is used for abhishekam. A Thirumurai mandapam has been set up in which ''[[Tirumurai]]'' are sung daily for the past 11 years. The shrine of Shiva, which has the idols of Shiva in his three forms, Tyagaraja, Marundeeswarar, and [[Nataraja]]. The last shrine is for Marundeeswarar's consort, Goddess [[Tripura Sundari]], who is actually Goddess [[Parvati]]. The ''[[samadhi]]'' of [[Pamban Swamigal]] is also found near the shrine.<ref name="V."/>

== Literary mention ==
The temple is reverred in the verses of ''[[Tevaram]]'', the 7th century saivite canonical work by the two saint poets namely, [[Appar]] and [[Sambandar]].<ref name="kumba"/>
{{Verse translation
|கரையு லாங்கட லிற்பொலி சங்கம்வெள் ளிப்பிவன்
றிரையு லாங்கழி மீனுக ளுந்திரு வான்மியூர்
உரையு லாம்பொரு ளாயுல காளுடை யீர்சொலீர்
வரையு லாமட மாதுட னாகிய மாண்பதே."
|Tiruvāṉmiyūr where the fish leap in the back water where the strong waves move about, taking from the sea which moves towards the shore the shining conches, and white oysters. Lord who rules over the world, being the meaning of the words please tell me about the dignity of having a beautiful lady who wanders in the mountain.<ref>{{cite web|title=Second Thirumurai|url=http://www.thevaaram.org/en/thirumurai_1/songview.php?thiru=2&Song_idField=2004&padhi=122+&button=Please+go|publisher=thevaaram.org|access-date = 2012-06-18 }}</ref>}}

Another verse explains the devotion towards the goddess of the temple as
{{Verse translation
|விரையார் கொன்றையினாய் விடமுண்ட மிடற்றினனே
உரையார் பல்புகழா யுமைநங்கையொர் பங்குடையாய்
திரையார் தெண்கடல்சூழ் திருவான்மி யூருறையும்
அரையா வுன்னையல்லா லடையாதென தாதரவே.
|Sivaṉ who wears koṉṟai flowers abundant in fragrance!
who has neck which consumed the poison!
who has many forms of fame which are spoken by devotees!
who has Umai;
a lady of distinction, as a half!
the King who dwells in tiruvāṉmiyūr, surrounded by the clear sea full of waves.
my love will not reach other gods except you.<ref>{{cite web|title=Third Thirumurai|url=http://www.thevaaram.org/en/thirumurai_1/songview.php?thiru=3&Song_idField=3055&padhi=126+&button=Please+go|publisher=thevaaram.org|access-date = 2012-06-18 }}</ref>}}

[[Arunagirinathar]] has visited this temple and has sung praises of Subramanya here.

==In News==
The builders of the [[East Coast Road|ECR]] ([[East Coast Road]]) had even considered demolition of the temple of Sage Valmiki lying opposite to the Marundeeswarar temple in order to complete the project (of building the ECR). The high court of Tamil Nadu then directed that the temple be in its place and not to disturb it.

The ''[[Kumbhabhishekham]]'' (coronation after renovation) of the temple was performed on 23 May 2008.<ref name="kumba"/> The construction of the ''Rajagopuram'' on the eastern side of temple started 45 years ago, but was completed only before the function following the Government issued orders for completing it at a cost of Rs 45 lakh.<ref name="kumba"/> Rs 1 crore was spent for improving infrastructure at the temple, which included construction of additional compound wall, Annadanakudam, office complex and amenities for devotees.<ref name="kumba">{{cite news|title='Kumbabhishekam' in progress at Sri Marundheeswarar Temple at Thiruvanmiyur on Friday|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/05/24/stories/2008052459590400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080526075726/http://www.hindu.com/2008/05/24/stories/2008052459590400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 May 2008|date=24 May 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date = 2012-06-18 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Heritage structures in Chennai]]

==Notes==
{{Portal|India|Hinduism}}
{{Reflist|20em}}

==References==
{{refbegin|20em}}
*{{Citation |last=Hodgetts|first=Jim Brayley|title=Madras Matters At Home in South India |year=2008|publisher=Hodgetts |isbn=978-1-4357-0887-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jTbDI2N2lL4C&q=marundeeswarar+temple&pg=PA56|ref=Hodgetts}}.
*{{Citation |last=Kamath|first=Rina |title=Chennai |year=2000|publisher=Orient Longman Limited | location =Chennai|isbn= 9788125013785|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bw2vDg2fTrMC&q=parthasarathy+temple+legend&pg=PA31|ref=Kamath}}.
*{{Citation |last=V. |first=Subburaj |title=Tourist Guide to Chennai|year=2006|publisher=Sura Books | location =Chennai|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy9ZtMmsZmQC&q=marundeeswarar+temple&pg=PA14|isbn=81-7478-040-8|ref=V.}}.
{{Refend}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071205081427/http://www.indiantemples.com/Tamilnadu/maruchen.html Website for temples of India]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071205081427/http://goppuradarisanam.blogspot.in/2017/10/marudeeswarar-temple-thiruvanmiyur.html Goppuradarisanam - Temple visits]

==Gallery==
{{Commons category}}
<gallery>
File:Tiruvanmiyurmarundeesartemple2.jpg|Temple tank near East gopura
File:Maruntheswara Temple Gopuram.jpg|West gopura
File:Lord Maruntheswara Sannathi.jpg|Shrine of goddess
File:Tiruvanmiyurmarundeesartemple3.jpg|Flagpost near West entrance
File:Tiruvanmiyurmarundeesartemple5.jpg|Front mandapa
File:Tiruvanmiyurmarundeesartemple6.jpg|Vimana of presiding deity
</gallery>

{{Chennai Topics}}
{{Places of worship in Chennai}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Chennai]]
[[Category:Shiva temples in Chennai district]]

Marundeeswarar Temple - Revision history

Ayurtreatservices: adding place