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{{short description|1933 Malayalam movie}}
{{About|the 1933 film adaptation of [[Malayalam]] novel|other uses|Marthanda Varma (disambiguation)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Marthanda Varma
| image = MARTHANDA VARMA 1933.jpeg
| image_size =
| caption =
| native_name = {{Infobox name module|ml|മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ}}
| director = [[P.V. Rao|P. V. Rao]]
| producer = R. Sunder Raj
| writer = P. V. Rao (screenplay)
| based_on = {{Based on|''[[Marthandavarma (novel)|Marthandavarma]]''|[[C. V. Raman Pillai]]}}
| starring = Jaidev<br />A. V. P. Menon<br />Devaki<br />Padmini
| cinematography = Pandurang E. Naik
| editing =
| distributor = Shri Rajeshwari Films
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1933|05|12|[[Trivandrum]]}}
| runtime = 118 mins.
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Silent film]] with [[intertitle]]s in [[English language|English]] and [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Marthanda Varma''''' is a 1933 black and white Indian [[silent film]] directed by [[P.V. Rao|P. V. Rao]], based on the [[Marthandavarma (novel)|1891 Malayalam novel]] by [[C. V. Raman Pillai]]. This was the first film based on [[Malayalam literature]] and the next film of the [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam film industry]] after ''[[Vigathakumaran]]''.<ref name=filmref1 group=""/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/old-is-gold-marthanda-varma-1931/article4350814.ece |title=Old is Gold: Marthanda Varma, 1931 |author=B. Vijayakumar |work=The Hindu |date=27 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427022036/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/old-is-gold-marthanda-varma-1931/article4350814.ece |archive-date=27 April 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Plot==
Based on the novel ''[[Marthandavarma (novel)|Marthandavarma]]'', the film recounts the adventures of the crown Prince, Marthandavarma on how he eliminates his arch rivals one by one, so as to ascend to the throne of [[Kingdom of Travancore]].<ref name=histref3 group=""/>

==Cast==
[[File:Marthanda Varma (1933).webm |right|Marthanda Varma Film]]
A short list of artists who acted in the movie<ref name=castref1 group=""/>
* [[Jaidev]]
* Andi<ref name=histref1 group=""/><ref name=castref2 group=""/>
* A. V. P. Menon
* V. Naik
* [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]
* Devaki
* V. C. Kutty
* S. V. Nath
* Sundaram Iyer
* A. P. Padmanabha Menon
* Pattammal
* Pious
* Sunder Raj<ref name=histref1 group=""/><ref name=castref2 group=""/>
* Kesava Menon<ref name=castref2 group=""/>
* Thilakam<ref name=castref2 group=""/>

The casting credits of the above artists variably contradict in the sources. The character Marthanda Varma is attributed to the actor Jaidev in [[IMDb]], whereas in Weblokam ([[Malayalam]] [[:hi:वेबदुनिया|Webdunia]]), the same character is attributed to actor Andi, who is referred to as a [[Tamil people|Tamil]] from [[Thalassery]]. The possibility of the name Jaidev being the screen alias of Andi conflicts with the information in [http://www.cinidiary.com Cini Diary], where both the names are listed separately under the artist credits of the movie.

Weblokam further states that Tamil actresses Pattamal and Devaki Bhai donned the roles of Subadra and Sulaikha respectively, of which the former's character credit brings up another contradiction as Cini Diary states Pattamal is Padmini or rather Pattamal's screen alias is Padmini, who is attributed to the character Parukutty in IMDb.

The producer R. Sunder Raj has done<ref name=histref1 group=""/> the role of Bheeram Khan, whereas A. V. P. Menon and V. Naik did the roles<ref name=castref3 group=""/> of Anantha Padmanaban and Padmanabhan Thampi, respectively.

==Crew==
A short list of crew behind the film<ref name=castref1 group=""/>
* Producer - R. Sunder Raj
* Screenplay, Direction – [[P.V. Rao|P. V. Rao]]
* Cinematography – Pandurang E. Naik

==Production==
The film was produced by R. Sunder Raj under the banner of Shri Rajeswari Films and production of the film was started in 1931,<ref name=histref2 group=""/> during which the producer ignored the queries regarding the copyright of the novel related to adapting it to the film.<ref name=histref1 group=""/>

The film had title cards in English and Malayalam, some of which were taken from the original text. A few of the title cards and actions make reference to the [[Swadeshi movement]]. The film also featured with a seven-minute actual newsreel footage of temple procession of the late Sri. Chithira Thirunal Maharaja of Travancore.<ref name=histref3 group=""/>

==Release==
The movie was released through Shri Rajeswari Films in 1933 at Capitol theatre,<ref name=releaseref1 group=""/> Thiruvananthapuram of [[Travancore|Thiruvithaankoor]]. The movie ran into copyright problems during its release with the publishers of the novel in that period, Kamalalaya Book Depot<ref name=disputeref1 group=""/> and was withdrawn from screenings after its opening day, following a court order marking the first copyright case<ref name=disputeref2 group=""/> in the Indian film industry and literature publishing of Kerala. The print of film was under the custody of Kamalalaya Book Depot until 1974, when the National Film Archive of India negotiated and acquired the same.<ref name=histref4 group=""/>

Apparently, this film also contain the first lip kiss of Indian Cinema.<ref name=lipkiss group=""/>

A print of film, which is the only silent film of south India fully available as of now is preserved<ref name=filmpreserve group=""/> at the [[National Film Archive of India]] (NFAI), [[Pune]]. The film was reportedly shown at the 1994 Film Festival of Kerala.<ref name=releaseref2 group=""/> In 2011, this film was screened at the "Filka" International film festival in Thiruvananthapuram.

==See also==
* ''[[Marthandavarma (novel)|Marthandavarma]]'', a novel by [[C. V. Raman Pillai]]

==References==
{{Reflist|group=""|refs=
<ref name=filmpreserve>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/10/18/stories/13181282.htm
| title = Mylapore and movies
| first = Randor
| last = Guy
| date = 18 October 2001
| publisher = THE HINDU
| work = Reflections/Reminiscences
| location = Chennai
}}
</ref>
<ref name=castref1>
{{cite web
| url = http://nfaipune.nic.in/asp_files/searchLang&titledetallname.asp?srno=15
| title = Documentation
| publisher = National Film Archive of India
| work = Search on Cinema
| location = Pune
| access-date = 30 January 2009
}}</ref>
<ref name=castref2>
{{cite web
|url = http://cinidiary.com/cinema1928_m1.php?searchcin=&cyear=1930&Search=Search
|title = മലയാള സിനിമ ഇതുവരെ (1928-50)
|publisher = Cini Diary
|work = മലയാളസിനിമ ചരിത്രം [Malayalacinema History]
|language = Malayalam
|trans-title = Malayala cinema till here (1928-50)
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110708154642/http://cinidiary.com/cinema1928_m1.php?searchcin=&cyear=1930&Search=Search
|archive-date = 8 July 2011
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref>
<ref name=castref3>
{{cite web
| url = https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0213861/plotsummary
| title = Plot Summary for Martanda Varma (1933)
| first = Sujit R
| last = Varma
| publisher = Internet Movie DataBase
| work = Martanda Varma (1933)
| location =
}}</ref>
<ref name=histref1>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.weblokam.com/cinema/memories/2000_11/memor1.htm
|title=മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ
|publisher=Webdunia
|work=മറക്കില്ലൊരിക്കലും [will never forget]
|language=Malayalam
|trans-title=Marthandavarma
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209111325/http://www.weblokam.com/cinema/memories/2000_11/memor1.htm
|archive-date=9 February 2013
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
<ref name=histref2>
{{cite web
|url = http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/malayalamcinemamore.htm
|title = Introduction
|publisher = Public Relations Development – Government of Kerala
|work = Malayalam Cinema
|location = Thiruvananthapuram
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140412153224/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/malayalamcinemamore.htm
|archive-date = 12 April 2014
|df = dmy-all
}}
</ref>
<ref name=histref3>
{{cite journal
| last = P.K
| first = Nair
| year = 1999
| title = In the Age of Silence - Beginnings of Cinema in India
| journal = Screening the Past
| volume =
| issue = 6
| series = Re-runs
| location = Australia
| url = http://www.latrobe.edu.au/screeningthepast/reruns/rr0499/PUdrr6.htm
| archive-url = http://www.screeningthepast.com/issue-6-classics-re-runs/in-the-age-of-silence-beginnings-of-cinema-in-india/
| archive-date= Nov 8, 2011
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
<ref name=histref4>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.kalakeralam.com/cinema/history.htm
| title = History of Malayalam Film
| publisher = Kalakeralam.com
| work = The Rhythm of Arts - Cinema
| location = Alappuzha
}}
</ref>
<ref name=disputeref1>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/12/12/stories/2009121254940700.htm
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604123145/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/12/12/stories/2009121254940700.htm
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 4 June 2011
| title = Houseful!
| first = Geethika
| last = Sudip
| date = 12 December 2009
| work = [[The Hindu]]
| location = Thiruvananthapuram
}}
</ref>
<ref name=lipkiss>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.tamilcreation.com/forum/showthread.php?85621-Do-you-know-First-Lip-Kiss-on-Indian-screen-was-in-Malayalam(1931)
| title = First Lip Kiss
| first = Film
| last = Archives.
| date = 12 May 2011
| publisher = tamilcreation.com
}}
</ref>
<ref name=disputeref2>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.india-seminar.com/2009/598/598_bindu_menon_m.htm
| title = Romancing history and historicizing romance
| first = Bindu Menon
| last = M
|date= June 2009

| work = Circuits of Cinema: a symposium on Indian cinema in the 1940s and '50s
| publisher = Seminar: Web Edition
| location = New Delhi
}}
</ref>
<ref name=filmref1>
{{cite web
|url = http://www.keralahistory.ac.in/malayalacinema.htm
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100711051935/http://www.keralahistory.ac.in/malayalacinema.htm
|url-status = dead
|archive-date = 2010-07-11
|title = Malayalam Cinema -The Pageant and the Parade
|first = K.V.
|last = Ramankutty
|year = 1999
|work = Essays on the Cultural Formation of Kerala literature, Art, Architecture, Music, Theatre, Cinema
|publisher = KCHR Publications
}}
</ref>
<ref name= releaseref1>{{cite web
|url = http://www.corporationoftrivandrum.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=165&Itemid=18&limitstart=15
|title = ചലച്ചിത്ര ചരിത്രം
|work = About City - ചലച്ചിത്ര രംഗം [About City – Movie Scene]
|publisher = Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation
|location = Thiruvananthapuram
|page = 16
|language = Malayalam
|trans-title = Movie History
|access-date = 18 January 2011
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110725202032/http://www.corporationoftrivandrum.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=165&Itemid=18&limitstart=15
|archive-date = 25 July 2011
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
<ref name=releaseref2>
{{cite book
|last= Kasbekar
|first= Asha
|title= Pop culture India : media, arts and lifestyle
|edition= Illustrated Hardcover
|series= Popular Culture in the Contemporary World
|year= 2006
|publisher= ABC-CLIO
|location= USA
|language=
|isbn= 978-1-85109-636-7
|page=233
|chapter=Cinema
}}
</ref>
}}

==External links==
*http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=2
*{{IMDb title|00213861|title=Martanda Varma}}

{{Marthandavarma (novel)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marthanda Varma (Film)}}
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:1930s Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Indian silent films]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]
[[Category:Films based on historical novels]]

Marthanda Varma (film) - Revision history

imported>KungfuPanda2008: /* Cast */