https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Mark_FernandesMark Fernandes - Revision history2026-10-22T20:38:07ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark_Fernandes&diff=516543&oldid=prevKatherinLesina4: new basic info nd citations2026-01-28T23:11:49Z<p>new basic info nd citations</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Indian independence activist (1926–1978)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Mark Agostinho Fernandes<br />
| image = Mark Agostinho Fernandes.png<br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1926|5|28|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Quetta]], [[Balochistan (region)|Balochistan]]<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1978|8|20|1926|5|28|df=yes}}<br />
| death_place = [[Panaji]], [[Goa]], India<br />
| occupation = Independence activist<br />
| known_for = [[Goa liberation movement]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Mark Agostinho Fernandes''' (28 May 1926 – 20 August 1978) was an Indian independence activist who participated in the [[Goa liberation movement]]. He was a prominent member of several nationalist organizations, including the [[National Congress (Goa)]] and the United Front of Goans.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86">{{Cite book |last=Shirodkar |first=Pandurang Purushottam |author-link=Pandurang Purushottam Shirodkar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISScyAEACAAJ |title=Who's Who of Freedom Fighters, Goa, Daman, and Diu |date=1986 |publisher=Goa Gazetteer Department, Government of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman, and Diu |volume=1 |pages=100}}</ref><br />
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== Early life ==<br />
Fernandes was born on 28 May 1926 in [[Quetta]], [[Balochistan (region)|Balochistan]]. He was the son of Anselmo Estevão Fernandes.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999">{{cite wikisource |editor-first1=Tanaji |editor-last1=Halarnkar |editor-link1=Tanaji Halarnkar |others= |title=Konkani Vishwakosh |trans-title=Konkani Encyclopaedia |wslink=Page:Konkani Viswakosh Vol2.pdf/923 |type= |edition= |series= |pages=923–924 |volume=2 |year=1999 |publisher=[[Goa University]] |location=Goa |language=gom |wslanguage=gom }}</ref> He received his education in Karachi, where he completed his Senior [[Cambridge]] exams.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /><br />
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In his early professional life, Fernandes worked for an oil corporation in [[Kuwait]]. However, he was eventually expelled by the Kuwaiti authorities for his activities in organizing the Kuwaiti Goan Workers' Union.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /><br />
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== Activism ==<br />
Following his expulsion from Kuwait, Fernandes moved to [[Mumbai|Bombay]] in 1946. In Bombay, he established the Young Pioneers Literary Club and became a member of the Goan Youth League (GYL) in 1951.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /> By 1951, he was also serving as the joint secretary of the Goan Youth League as well as the joint secretary of the United Front of Goans (UFG).<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /><br />
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Fernandes later joined the [[National Congress (Goa)]] (NCG). He worked under the leadership of [[Peter Alvares]] and was a member of the executive committee of the NCG in 1952.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><br />
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He was actively involved in [[Satyagraha]] actions against Portuguese colonial rule. On 15 August 1954, he led a group of 12 Satyagrahis into [[Goa]] via the border towns of Banda and Torshem (also known as Torshe or Terem) in [[Pernem]] taluka.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /> He was arrested alongside his associates at Naibag and taken to the Panaji police station.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><br />
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== Trial and imprisonment ==<br />
Fernandes was tried by the [[Territorial Military Tribunal]] (TMT) on 18 April 1955. He was sentenced to eight years of rigorous imprisonment, followed by two years of detention as a security measure. Additionally, his political rights were suspended for 15 years.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /><br />
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He was initially held at [[Aguada jail]] before being transferred to [[Reis Magos Fort|Reis Magos jail]] on 3 June 1955. He was eventually released on 16 October 1959.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /> Among his associates during this period were Anthony D'Souza, Alfred Afonso, S.S. Carvalho, Kanta Hegde Desai, Shashikant Narvekar, and Flaviano Dias.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><br />
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== Later life and death ==<br />
[[File:Key Figures in Goa Independence Mark Fernandes.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Fernandes at the [[Goa State Museum]]]]<br />
After his release, Fernandes worked in service.<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /> <br />
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Fernandes was killed in a freak accident in [[Panaji]] on 20 August 1978 when a bus lost control and killed him and [[Evágrio Jorge]]. Fernandes was a member of the [[Janata Party]] at the time of his death.<ref name="ToIDeath">{{Cite web |last=Panchal |first=Chinu |date=Sep 30, 1978 |title=Buses run amok in Goa, two prominent Goan leaders latest victims |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19780930-buses-run-amok-in-goa-two-prominent-goan-leaders-latest-victims-823041-2014-04-28 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=India Today}}</ref><br />
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On 18 June 1984, he was honored posthumously by the Government of [[Goa, Daman and Diu]] with a citation (''Manpatra'').<ref name="ShirodkarWho86" /><ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Fernandes, Mark}}<br />
[[Category:1926 births]]<br />
[[Category:1978 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Goa liberation activists]]<br />
[[Category:People from Portuguese India]]</div>KatherinLesina4