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{{Short description|Indian Navy's Maritime Exercise}}

'''Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX)''' is a multilateral event conducted by [[Indian Navy]] in which naval forces of foreign countries participate. This exercise is conducted as part of the Indian Navy's ongoing efforts to enhance its operational capabilities and strengthen its partnerships with friendly nations. MPX underscores India's commitment to promoting regional stability and security.

As on 31 October 2022, Indian Navy has engaged in 47 Maritime Partnership Exercises with navies of 28 countries - [[Algeria]], [[Australia]], [[Brazil]], [[Egypt]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Greece]], [[Indonesia]], [[Iran]], [[Italy]], [[Japan]], [[Kuwait]], [[Madagascar]], [[Malaysia]], [[Malta]], [[Morocco]], [[Myanmar]], [[Nigeria]], [[Oman]], [[Russia]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[South Africa]], [[South Korea]], [[Spain]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Sudan]], [[Tanzania]], [[Togo]] and [[USA]].<ref>{{cite news |title=MINISTRY OF DEFENCE - YEAR END REVIEW 2022 |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1884353 |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=pib.gov.in |agency=[[Press Information Bureau]] |publisher=MoD, GoI |date=17 Dec 2022 |location=Delhi}}</ref>

The activities and drills during the exercise are designed to provide a comprehensive training experience for naval personnel, covering a broad spectrum of skills and competencies. The exercise is aimed to enhance the readiness and preparedness of naval forces, enabling them to respond effectively to a range of operational scenarios. The inclusion of multiple tough maritime situations ensures that participants are exposed to a variety of challenges, enabling them to develop their skills and knowledge in a dynamic and engaging environment.

==India-France-UAE==
Aiming to enhance the interoperability and cooperation between the three nations' naval forces as well as to strengthen their maritime security capabilities, this exercise is seen as a significant step towards promoting regional stability and security in the Gulf of Oman, which is a crucial maritime route for global trade.<ref name="trilateral">{{cite news |title=India, France, UAE hold maiden maritime exercise in Gulf of Oman |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-france-uae-hold-maiden-maritime-exercise-in-gulf-of-oman/article66950692.ece |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=The Hindu |date=9 June 2023 |language=en-IN}}</ref>
===2023===
The inaugural India, France, and UAE Maritime Partnership Exercise was launched on 7 June 2023, in the [[Gulf of Oman]]. The exercise involved the participation of [[INS Tarkash]] and [[French frigate Surcouf|French Ship Surcouf]], both equipped with integral helicopters, French [[Rafale]] aircraft, and UAE Navy Dash-8 Maritime Patrol Aircraft. The two-day event encompassed a diverse range of naval operations, including Surface Warfare, which entailed tactical firing and drills for Missile engagements on surface targets, Helicopter Cross Deck Landing Operations, Advanced Air Defence Exercise, and Boarding operations. Additionally, the exercise incorporated cross embarkation of personnel to facilitate the exchange of best practices.<ref name="trilateral" /><ref>{{cite news |title=India, France, UAE conclude maiden maritime partnership exercise in Gulf of Oman |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india-france-uae-conclude-maiden-maritime-partnership-exercise-in-gulf-of-oman-11686318252386.html |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=mint |date=9 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==India-Australia==
===2022===
[[File:Australian Navy helicopter of HMAS Anzac approaching INS Sumedha's flight deck during a maritime partnership exercise.jpg|thumb|Australian Navy helicopter of HMAS Anzac approaching INS Sumedha's flight deck during a Maritime Partnership Exercise 2022]]
[[Royal Australian Navy]] (RAN) ships [[HMAS Adelaide (L01)|HMAS Adelaide]] along with [[HMAS Anzac (FFH 150)|HMAS Anzac]] participated in Maritime Partnership Exercise held in the Bay of Bengal during 2-3 November 2022, with the Indian Navy Ships [[INS Jalashwa (L41)|Jalashwa]] and [[INS Kavaratti (P31)|Kavaratti]], including their embarked helicopters. The tactical manoeuvres, helicopter landings, and amphibious operations incorporated in the training exercises demonstrated the significant level of interoperability between the two navies.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian Navy's maritime partnership exercise with Royal Australian Navy concludes |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-indian-navys-maritime-partnership-exercise-with-royal-australian-navy-concludes-2776372/ |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=Financialexpress |date=5 November 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India and Australia conduct Maritime Partnership Exercise |url=https://navalinstitute.com.au/india-and-australia-conduct-maritime-partnership-exercise/ |publisher=Australian Naval Institute |access-date=20 August 2023 |date=12 Nov 2022}}</ref>

==India-Bahrain==
===2021===
[[File:INS Kochi, flying the flag of Rear Admiral Ajay Kochhar, FOCWF, on a visit to Manama, Bahrain as part of its Persian Gulf deployment; 2021.jpg|thumb|India-Bahrain Maritime Partnership Exercise 2021]]
During its deployment in the [[Persian Gulf]], [[INS Kochi]] visited [[Manama]] in [[Bahrain]] to participate in a four-day Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX). In preparation for the exercise, a coordination and operational planning conference was held between the Indian Navy and [[Bahraini Navy]] teams. The MPX took place on 18 August 2021, and involved joint naval operations between the two navies. This exercise is a testament to the strong partnership and cooperation between India and Bahrain in the maritime domain, and serves to enhance the interoperability and readiness of both navies.<ref>{{cite news |title=A Joint Exercise Between Indian Navy And Royal Bahrain Naval Force |url=https://www.transcontinentaltimes.com/a-joint-exercise-between-indian-navy-and-royal-bahrain-naval-force/ |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=Transcontinental Times |date=18 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=INS Kochi to participate in 4-day Maritime Partnership Exercise in Bahrain |url=https://newsonair.gov.in/News?title=INS-Kochi-to-participate-in-4-day-Maritime-Partnership-Exercise-in-Bahrain&id=424386 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=newsonair.gov.in |date=18 August 2021}}</ref>

==India-Egypt==
===2021===
The [[INS Tabar]] recently engaged in a maritime partnership exercise with the [[USS Copeland|ENS Alexandria]], a frontline frigate of the [[Egyptian Navy]], in the Mediterranean Sea on 5 September 2021. The training regimen encompassed a range of activities, such as practicing maneuvers in an environment with uneven threats, executing operations to intercept suspicious vessels on the open sea, refining communication protocols, collaborating on the creation of a comprehensive maritime domain picture, and conducting exercises for replenishing supplies while at sea. This exercise was conducted to enhance cooperation and interoperability between the two navies.<ref>{{cite news |title=INS Tabar conducts maritime partnership exercise with Egyptian Navy |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ins-tabar-conducts-maritime-partnership-exercise-with-egyptian-navy/articleshow/86007192.cms |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=The Times of India |date=7 September 2021}}</ref>

==India-France==
India and [[France]] are both maritime nations that possess thriving maritime economies, encompassing diverse sectors such as marine technology, scientific research, fisheries, ports, shipping etc.<ref>{{cite news |title=INS Tarkash engages with French naval ships on a Maritime Partnership Exercise in Atlantic |url=https://www.newsbharati.com/Encyc/2022/8/2/INS-Tarkash-Atlantic.html |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=newsbharati.com |date=2 Aug 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

===2022===
The [[INS Tarkash]], a guided-missile frigate of the Indian Navy, recently undertook a long-range overseas deployment and engaged in a Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) with [[French Navy]] Fleet [[French tanker Somme|Tanker Somme]] in the [[North Atlantic Ocean]] on July 29 and 30. Subsequently, collaborative aerial maneuvers were conducted, wherein the Falcon 50 maritime surveillance aircraft was involved in numerous simulated missile confrontations and air defense exercises. The MPX served as an opportunity for both navies to exchange best practices and enhance their interoperability in a challenging maritime environment.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian and French Navies Exercise in The Atlantic |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1846891 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |publisher=Ministry of Defence, GoI |date=1 Aug 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=French Embassy in India |url=https://twitter.com/FranceinIndia/status/1554068030631530497?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1554068030631530497%7Ctwgr%5Ec4e50d5bfc7a003b02e9502a357da3cae2a22e97%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsbharati.com%2FEncyc%2F2022%2F8%2F2%2FINS-Tarkash-Atlantic.html |website=Twitter |access-date=20 August 2023 |language=en |date=1 August 2022 |quote=Indo-French 🇮🇳🇫🇷 naval cooperation ⚓ spans the seven seas. Here are the French Navy Fleet Tanker Somme @MarineNationale and @Indiannavy frigate INS Tarkash carrying out a joint exercise in the #Atlantic Ocean two days ago, including replenishment at sea and joint air operations}}</ref>

===2023===
The exercise conducted in the [[Arabian Sea]] on March 10 and 11 had India's indigenously built [[INS Sahyadri]], a guided missile frigate, engaging alongside French Navy ships the [[French ship Dixmude (L9015)|FS Dixmude]], a Mistral Class Amphibious Assault Ship, and the [[FS La Fayette]], a La Fayette Class Frigate. The event served as an opportunity for both navies to enhance their interoperability and strengthen their maritime capabilities through joint training and exercises.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) with French Navy {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://indiannavy.nic.in/content/maritime-partnership-exercise-mpx-french-navy |website=indiannavy.nic.in |access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bureau |first1=ABP News |title=INS Sahyadri Participates In Maritime Partnership Exercise With French Navy In Arabian Sea |url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/indigenously-built-stealth-frigate-ins-sahyadri-participates-in-maritime-exercise-with-french-navy-1587895 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=news.abplive.com |date=12 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

On 30 June, the [[Bay of Bengal]] witnessed a Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) between the French Navy ship [[FS Surcouf]] and two Indian naval vessels, [[INS Rana (D52)|INS Rana]] and [[INS Sumedha]]. The drill encompassed a range of activities, including professional and social engagements, athletic competitions, and cross-deck visits along with training exercises involving a range of strategic manoeuvres.<ref>{{cite news |title=IN – FN MARITIME PARTNERSHIP EXERCISE OFF VISAKHAPATNAM |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1936650 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=pib.gov.in |agency=[[Press Information Bureau]] |publisher=Ministry of Defence |date=1 July 2023}}</ref>

==India-Indonesia==
India and Indonesia have recently upgraded their bilateral relations to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, which encompasses the joint effort to combat cross-border terrorism. Additionally, the two nations have entered into 15 agreements, including one aimed at enhancing defence cooperation, and have expressed their support for the freedom of navigation in the Indo-Pacific region, which is of strategic importance. This development is indicative of the growing significance of the relationship between India and Indonesia, and highlights their shared commitment to promoting regional stability and security.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McNeil |first1=Harry |title=Indian navy fosters bilateral ties in Indonesia |url=https://www.naval-technology.com/news/indian-navy-fosters-bilateral-ties-in-indonesia/?cf-view |website=Naval Technology |access-date=20 August 2023 |date=21 July 2023}}</ref>
===2023===
Indigenously designed and built Project-17 class stealth frigate [[INS Sahyadri]] and [[INS Kolkata]], the first indigenously designed and built stealth destroyer of the Project-15A class reached Jakarta for MPX in July. The two navies participate in a diverse array of professional engagements, including joint yoga sessions, sports competitions, and cross-deck visits, with the objective of enhancing mutual cooperation and understanding.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian, Indonesian naval ships to conduct joint exercise in Jakarta |url=https://www.business-standard.com/world-news/indian-indonesian-naval-ships-to-conduct-joint-exercise-in-jakarta-123071800794_1.html |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=Business Standard |agency=ANI}}</ref>

==India-Italy==
===2021===
On 4 and 5 July 2021, the [[INS Tabar]], [[Talwar-class frigate|Talwar-class]] stealth Frigate engaged in a Maritime Partnership Exercise with the [[Italian frigate Antonio Marceglia|ITS Antonio Marceglia (F 597)]], a frontline frigate of the [[Italian Navy]], in the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]]. The drill encompassed a diverse array of naval maneuvers, comprising air defense protocols, replenishment procedures while at sea, communication exercises, and cross-deck helicopter operations conducted both during daylight hours and at night.<ref>{{cite news |title=INS Tabar concludes two-day naval exercise in Naples with the Italian Navy |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/dispatches/ins-tabar-concludes-two-day-naval-exercise-in-naples-with-the-italian-navy/article35198981.ece |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=frontline.thehindu.com |date=7 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

The exercise proved to be advantageous for navies of both countries involved, as it contributed to the improvement of interoperability and the strengthening of joint efforts aimed at countering potential dangers in the maritime domain.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Roche |first1=Elizabeth |title=Indian naval ship Tabar conducts military exercise with Italian Navy |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/indian-naval-ship-tabar-conducts-military-exercise-with-italian-navy-11625650983600.html |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=mint |date=7 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

==India-Japan==
The escalating presence of [[China]] in the [[Indian Ocean]], which is regarded as the Indian Navy's domain, has raised significant apprehensions. In order to strengthen their maritime ties, the two nations have been conducting frequent maneuvers in the Indian Ocean Region.<ref name="23jul22">{{cite news |title=Indian, Japanese navies conduct joint military drills in Andaman Sea |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/indian-japanese-navies-conduct-joint-military-drills-in-andaman-sea-1129456.html |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=Deccan Herald |agency=PTI |date=23 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The Indian Navy and [[Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force]] (JMSDF) have been engaging in close collaboration across multiple domains, thereby assuming a pivotal role in safeguarding the security of international maritime commerce and striving towards the preservation of global commons.<ref name="11mar23">{{cite news |title=MARITIME PARTNERSHIP EXERCISE (MPX) WITH JAPANESE MARITIME SELF DEFENCE FORCE |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1906458 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=pib.gov.in |agency=[[Press Information Bureau]] |publisher=Ministry of Defence, GoI |date=13 March 2023 |location=Delhi}}</ref>

===2022===
[[INS Shivalik]] and [[INS Kadmatt (P29)|INS Kadmatt]] undertook MPX with JMSDF Ships [[JS Uraga]] and [[JS Hirado]] in the [[Bay of Bengal]] on 13 January 2022. The two vessels belonging to Minesweeper Division One of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force are currently deployed in the Indian Ocean Region. The entirety of the activity was organized and executed in a manner that did not involve physical contact, thus complying with the [[COVID-19]] safety regulations.<ref>{{cite web |title=Japan-India Bilateral Exercise |url=https://www.in.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_ja/11_000001_00456.html |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan |publisher=Embassy of Japan in India |access-date=20 August 2023 |date=18 Jan 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=India, Japan hold naval exercise in Bay of Bengal |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/india-japan-hold-naval-exercise-bay-bengal-1503038522.html |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=The Statesman |date=14 Jan 2022}}</ref>

On 23 July 2022, a Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) was carried out in the [[Andaman Sea]] between the Japan Maritime Self Defense Force and the Indian Navy. The operational interaction involved the participation of [[INS Sukanya (P50)|INS Sukanya]] - an offshore patrol vessel, and [[JS Samidare]] - a [[Murasame-class destroyer (1994)|Murasame class destroyer]]. Both engaged in a range of exercises, including seamanship activities, aircraft operations, and tactical manoeuvres.<ref name="23jul22" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Japan, India conduct Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) in the Andaman Sea |url=https://www.indianewsnetwork.com/20220724/japan-india-conduct-maritime-partnership-exercise-mpx-in-the-andaman-sea |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=www.indianewsnetwork.com}}</ref>

===2023===
On 11 March 2023, the [[INS Sahyadri]], a [[Shivalik-class frigate|''Shivalik''-class]] stealth multi-role frigate exercised with [[JS Suzutsuki]], an [[Akizuki-class destroyer]] in the [[Arabian Sea]]. With the objective of reinforcing their mutual dedication to regional and global security concerns, the exercise featured ''cross-deck landings'' executed by ''integral helicopters, tactical maneuvers, and a customary steampast'' by the vessels of both navies. This exercise highlighted the robust naval connections and the exceptional degree of interoperability between the two nations within the maritime sphere.<ref name="23jul22" /><ref name="11mar23" /><ref>{{cite news |title=INS Sahyadri exercises with Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force ship JS Suzutsuki |url=https://www.indiablooms.com/news-details/N/88000/ins-sahyadri-exercises-with-japanese-maritime-self-defence-force-ship-js-suzutsuki.html |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=Indiablooms.com |date=13 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==India-Kenya==
===2023===
On 20 June 2023, [[INS Sunayna (P57)|INS Sunayna]] visited [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]] for MPX. The Indian and Kenyan naval crews engaged in a series of exercises, including firefighting and damage control, boarding maneuvers, and simulations of asymmetric threats.<ref>{{cite news |title=INS Sunayna sets sail for maritime exercise in Kenya |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2023/jun/25/ins-sunayna-sets-sail-for-maritime-exercise-in-kenya-2588245.html |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=The New Indian Express |date=25 June 2023}}</ref>

==India-Malaysia==
India and [[Malaysia]] enjoy a strong and enduring relationship, underpinned by robust people-to-people ties, a shared history, and well-established trade links. A key component of the bilateral cooperation between the two nations is their collaboration in the areas of defence and security. This partnership is characterized by regular exchanges between their respective armed forces, which serve to strengthen their mutual understanding and enhance their collective capabilities.<ref>{{cite news |title=INS Sumedha visits Malaysia's Port Klang to enhance maritime cooperation & bilateral ties |url=https://www.republicworld.com/india-news/general-news/ins-sumedha-visits-malaysias-port-klang-to-enhance-maritime-cooperation-and-bilateral-ties-articleshow.html |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=Republic World |date=28 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

===2022===
On 27 August 2022, [[INS Sumedha]], as a part of the Indian Navy's long-range operational deployment, visited [[Port Klang]] in [[Malaysia]]. The objective was to bolster the bilateral relations and augment the maritime collaboration and interoperability between the Indian Navy and the [[Royal Malaysian Navy]] (RMN). The crew of INS Sumedha participated in professional interactions, Subject Matter Expert Exchanges (SMEE), cross-deck visits etc.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian Naval Ship Sumedha visits Port Klang in Malaysia |url=https://newsonair.gov.in/News?title=Indian-Naval-Ship-Sumedha-visits-Port-Klang-in-Malaysia&id=446710 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=newsonair.gov.in |date=27 Aug 2022}}</ref>

==India-Morocco==
===2021===
INS Tabar, as part of her overseas deployment visited [[Casablanca]] in [[Morocco]] on 25 Aug 2021. It engaged in MPX alongside the Royal Moroccan Navy's [[Descubierta-class corvette|Descubierta class]] 'Lieutenant Colonel Errhamani'. The exercise encompassed various activities, including communication drills, replenishment at sea procedures, and naval manoeuvres. The exercise culminated in the customary 'Steam Past' between the two ships, symbolizing a farewell gesture.<ref>{{cite web |title=INS TABAR EXERCISES WITH MOROCCAN NAVY |url=https://www.seaandcoast.in/News/24593/ins-tabar-exercises-with-moroccan-navy |website=www.seaandcoast.in |access-date=20 August 2023 |date=1 Sep 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=INS Tabar Exercises With Moroccan Navy |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1750758 |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |publisher=Ministry of Defence, GoI |date=31 Aug 2021}}</ref>

==India-Oman==
===2023===
The Indian Navy and the [[Royal Navy of Oman]] participate in various avenues of foreign cooperation, including operations, training, and the exchange of Subject Matter Experts across diverse fields. [[INS Visakhapatnam (D66)|INS Visakhapatnam]], a Guided Missile Destroyer that has been designed and constructed indigenously in India, arrived in Oman on 30 July to participate in the MPX which commenced on 3 August 2023.<ref>{{cite news |title=Strengthening Maritime Ties: India-Oman Naval Diplomacy sets Sail |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-strengthening-maritime-ties-india-oman-naval-diplomacy-sets-sail-3195160/ |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=Financialexpress |date=1 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==India-Sudan==
===2021===
The Indian Navy and [[Sudanese Navy]] conducted MPX in the [[Red Sea]], situated along the coast of [[Sudan]]. [[INS Tabar]] engaged with Sudanese Navy ships- Almazz and Nimer during the first episode of a collaborative maritime exercise between the two navies on 10 September 2021. The exercise encompassed a diverse array of naval operations, comprising coordinated manoeuvring, replenishment at sea drills, helo operations, interdiction of suspect vessels at sea, and communication procedures.<ref>{{cite news |title=India, Sudan navies carry out maritime drill in Red Sea |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/india-sudan-navies-carry-maritime-drill-red-sea-1503006061.html |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=The Statesman |date=11 Sep 2021}}</ref>

==India-UAE==
India and [[United Arab Emirates]] aims to enhance the collaboration between the two Navies to effectively address shared challenges such as piracy, smuggling, and human trafficking, while also strengthening maritime security and conducting joint operations for Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Navy participates in Bilateral Naval Maritime Partnership Exercise with UAE Navy {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://indiannavy.nic.in/content/indian-navy-participates-bilateral-naval-maritime-partnership-exercise-uae-navy |website=indiannavy.nic.in |access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref>

===2023===
[[INS Visakhapatnam (D66)|INS Visakhapatnam]] - one of the largest operational Destroyer in Indian Navy and [[INS Trikand]] -an advance stealth frigate carried out MPX in August with [[United Arab Emirates Navy|UAE Naval Forces]] ships [[Baynunah-class corvette|Baynunah]] and AlFutaisi in Dubai. The objective was to augment the interoperability and synergy of the two naval forces through mutual training on tactics, techniques, and procedures, while concurrently fostering stronger professional relationships.<ref>{{cite news |title=Navies of India, UAE carry out military exercise |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/navies-of-india-uae-carry-out-military-exercise/article67188204.ece |access-date=20 August 2023 |work=The Hindu |date=12 August 2023 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Indian naval exercises]]
[[Category:Indian military exercises]]
[[Category:India–Japan military relations]]
[[Category:Indian Navy]]

Maritime Partnership Exercise - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Creating a new article