ArtyCraftz: Improved article clarity and structure

2026-02-03T06:30:09Z

Improved article clarity and structure

->BattyBot: /* top */Removed/fixed incorrect author parameter(s), performed general fixes

2021-11-10T05:53:06Z

top: Removed/fixed incorrect author parameter(s), performed general fixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:23, 10 November 2021
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	\| caption = Margaret Alva (left) addressing a conference with [[Lok Sabha Speaker]] [[Somnath Chatterjee]]		\| caption = Margaret Alva (left) addressing a conference with [[Lok Sabha Speaker]] [[Somnath Chatterjee]]
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|df=yes\|1942\|4\|14\|}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|df=yes\|1942\|4\|14\|}}
	\| birth_place = [[Mangalore]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj\|British India]]		\| birth_place = [[Mangalore]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj\|British India]] <br />(now in [[Karnataka]], [[India]])
	\| nationality = Indian		\| nationality = Indian
	\| residence =		\| residence =
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	\| predecessor1 = [[Kamla Beniwal]]		\| predecessor1 = [[Kamla Beniwal]]
	\| successor1 = [[Om Prakash Kohli]]		\| successor1 = [[Om Prakash Kohli]]
	\| order2 = ~~29th~~		\| order2 = 20th
	\| office2 = Governor of Rajasthan		\| office2 = Governor of Rajasthan
	\| term_start2 = 12 May 2012		\| term_start2 = 12 May 2012
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	\| alma_mater = Mt. Carmel College and Government Law College, [[Bangalore]]		\| alma_mater = Mt. Carmel College and Government Law College, [[Bangalore]]
	\| party = [[Indian National Congress]]		\| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
	\| spouse = {{married\|Niranjan Alva\|1964\|2018\|end=died}}<ref>http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/niranjan-thomas-alva-passes-away-118040700451_1.html</ref>		\| spouse = {{married\|Niranjan Alva\|1964\|2018\|end=died}}<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/niranjan-thomas-alva-passes-away-118040700451_1.html\|title=Niranjan Thomas Alva passes away\|newspaper=Business Standard India\|date=7 April 2018\|agency=Press Trust of India}}</ref>
	\| children = 3 son(s) and 1 daughter		\| children = 3 son(s) and 1 daughter
	\| website =		\| website =

>Scorpions13256: Copying from Category:21st-century Indian women politicians to Category:21st-century Indian politicians non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot

2021-06-24T17:26:42Z

Copying from Category:21st-century Indian women politicians to Category:21st-century Indian politicians non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot

New page

{{short description|Indian politician|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Margaret Alva
| image = File:The Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Shri Somnath Chatterjee addressing at the inauguration of the Orientation Programme for the media persons accredited to the press gallery of Lok Sabha, in New Delhi on July 28, 2006.jpg
| caption = Margaret Alva (left) addressing a conference with [[Lok Sabha Speaker]] [[Somnath Chatterjee]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1942|4|14|}}
| birth_place = [[Mangalore]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| nationality = Indian
| residence =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| profession = Lawyer
| order1 = 23rd
| office1 = Governor of Gujarat
| term_start1 = 7 July 2014
| term_end1 = 15 July 2014
| predecessor1 = [[Kamla Beniwal]]
| successor1 = [[Om Prakash Kohli]]
| order2 = 29th
| office2 = Governor of Rajasthan
| term_start2 = 12 May 2012
| term_end2 = 5 August 2014
| predecessor2 = [[Shivraj Patil]]
| successor2 = [[Ram Naik]] (Additional Charge)
| order3 = 4th
| office3 = Governor of Uttarakhand
| term_start3 = 6 August 2009
| term_end3 = 14 May 2012
| predecessor3 = [[Banwari Lal Joshi]]
| successor3 = [[Aziz Qureshi]]
| order = 17th
| office = Governor of Goa
| term_start = 12 July 2014
| term_end = 7 August 2014
| predecessor = [[Bharat Vir Wanchoo]]
| successor = [[Om Prakash Kohli]]
| office4 = [[Member of Indian Parliament]]
| constituency4 = [[Uttara Kannada (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanara]]
| predecessor4 = [[Anant Kumar Hegde]]
| successor4 = [[Anant Kumar Hegde]]
| term4 = 1999 - 2004
| office9 = [[Member of Indian Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| term9 = 1974 - 1998
| constituency9 = [[Karnataka]]
| office7 = [[Union Minister of State]], Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs
| term7 = 1984 - 1985
| term8 = 1993 - 1996
| office5 = [[Union Minister of State]], Ministry of Personal, Public Grievances and Pensions
| term5 = 1991 - 1996
| office6 = [[Union Minister of State]], Ministry Youth and Sports and Women and Child Development
| term6 = 1985 - 1989
| alma_mater = Mt. Carmel College and Government Law College, [[Bangalore]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| spouse = {{married|Niranjan Alva|1964|2018|end=died}}<ref>http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/niranjan-thomas-alva-passes-away-118040700451_1.html</ref>
| children = 3 son(s) and 1 daughter
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source =
}}

'''Margaret Alva''' (née Margaret Nazareth, born 14 April 1942) is an Indian politician who was the [[Governors of states of India|governor]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Rajasthan]] until the end of her tenure in August 2014; she had previously been governor of [[Uttarakhand]]. She took over in Rajasthan from the Punjab governor, [[Shivraj Patil]], who had been holding an additional charge of that state. Before being appointed governor, she was a senior figure in the [[Indian National Congress]] and was Joint Secretary of the [[All India Congress Committee]]. Her mother-in-law, [[Violet Alva]], was a member of Rajya Sabha in 1960s.

== Early life ==
Margaret Alva was born Margaret Nazareth on 14 April 1942<ref name="mem" /> in a Christian family at [[Mangalore]], [[Karnataka]]. She obtained a BA degree from [[Mount Carmel College, Bangalore]] and a law degree from [[University Law College, Bangalore|Government Law College]] in the same city.<ref name="secretariat">{{cite book |title=Women in Politics: Voices from the Commonwealth |author=Commonwealth Secretariat |publisher=Commonwealth Secretariat |year=1999 |isbn=9780850925692 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3_7kSP6mH7QC&pg=PA75 |pages=75–77}}</ref> She was a keen and appreciated debater during her time at college and had some involvement in students' movements.<ref name="vittal">{{cite book |title=Reflections: Experiences of a Bureaucrat's Wife |first=Gita |last=Vittal |publisher=Academic Foundation |year=2007 |isbn=9788171884711 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EgYRwrtyPAIC&pg=PA68 |pages=68–69}}</ref>

Alva combined her work as an advocate with involvement in welfare organisations, eventually becoming president of the [[Young Women's Christian Association]]. One of her early involvements was with the Karuna [[non-governmental organisation]], which she founded and which was focused on issues relating to women and children.<ref name="secretariat" /><ref name="rajgovt" />

She married Niranjan Thomas Alva on 24 May 1964, with whom she has one daughter and three sons, including [[Niret Alva]].<ref name="bi">{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/miditech-moves-on/190046/|title=Miditech moves on|date=29 September 2004|work=Business Standard}}</ref> The couple had met as students at Government Law College<ref name="vittal" /> and her husband now operates a successful export business, which has given her financial security that has been beneficial to her later career.<ref name="secretariat" />

== Politics ==
=== Beginnings ===
Alva's decision to enter politics in 1969 was strongly influenced by her husband and father-in-law, [[Joachim Alva]], the latter and his wife, [[Violet Alva]], being [[Member of Parliament|Members of Parliament]] representing the Indian National Congress. She has acknowledged this encouragement, saying that "I never had to face any family constraints on my political activities" and she has also said that the death of Violet in 1969 provided the impetus. She aligned herself with the [[Congress (Indira)]] faction led by [[Indira Gandhi]] and worked for its state unit in Karnataka.<ref name="secretariat" /><ref name="vittal" /> She served as Joint Secretary of the All India Congress Committee between 1975 and 1977 and as General Secretary of the Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee between 1978 and 1980,<ref name="mem">{{cite web |url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/pre_member/1952_2003/a.pdf|title=Rajya Sabha Members Biographical Sketches 1952 – 2003 |publisher=Rajya Sabha website}}</ref>

=== Rajya Sabha ===
In April 1974, Alva had been elected to the Raiya Sabha as a representative of Congress. She served a six-year term and was then re-elected for a further three six-year terms, in 1980, 1986 and 1992. During her time in the Rajya Sabha, she was its vice-chairman (1983–85) and also served terms as [[Union Minister of State]] in the ministries for Parliamentary Affairs (1984–85) and for Youth and Sports and Women and Child Development, an arm of the [[Ministry of Human Resource Development]]. She also served on various House committees, which garnered her a considerable degree of procedural expertise,<ref name="secretariat" /> and was briefly Minister for Science and Technology.<ref name="rajgovt">{{cite web |title=Hon'ble Governor of Rajasthan: Smt. Margaret Alva |publisher=Government of Rajasthan |url=http://rajbhawan.rajasthan.gov.in/SitePages/governer.aspx |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225010406/http://rajbhawan.rajasthan.gov.in/SitePages/governer.aspx |archive-date=25 February 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In her HRD role, between 1985 and 1989,<ref name="rajass" /> Alva oversaw the [[Rajiv Gandhi]]-led government's 28-point plan intended to improve the rights and involvement of women and children. In addition, she made proposals for various development corporations for women, only some of which materialised, and also campaigned for a greater prominence of [[women in government]] and in her party's official posts. Her 1989 proposal that 33 per cent of seats in [[panchayat raj]] (local government) elections should be reserved for women became law in 1993 and, according to Laura Jenkins, "marked a further shift from the former abhorrence of reservations as a nationally divisive policy". She continued her efforts to improve the lot of women during her period as Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions and Parliamentary Affairs (1991 and 1993-96<ref name="rajass" />), where she tried to increase the number of female officeholders in various ministries and government organisations, such as the [[Union Public Service Commission]] and the judiciary.<ref name="secretariat" /><ref>{{cite book |title=Complicating Categories: Gender, Class, Race and Ethnicity |editor1-first=Eileen |editor1-last=Boris |editor2-first=Angelique |editor2-last=Janssens |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1999 |isbn=9780521786416 |first=Laura Dudley |last=Jenkins |chapter=Competing Inequalities: The Struggle Over Reserved Legislative Seats for Women in India |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YWPGs-KXry4C&pg=PA66 |page=66}}</ref>

Alva has also been involved with women's issues and related matters such as population growth on the international stage, notably through various [[United Nations]] bodies and in writings.<ref name="secretariat" /><ref>{{cite book |title=The Planetary Interest |editor-first=Kennedy |editor-last=Graham |publisher=Routledge |year=2012 |isbn=9781135358204 |first=Margaret |last=Alva |chapter=India |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9g9Rqa8WXzsC&pg=PT12 |pages=12, 208}}</ref>

=== Lok Sabha ===
Alva was elected to the [[13th Lok Sabha]] as a [[Member of Parliament]] in 1999 for the [[Uttara Kannada (Lok Sabha constituency)|Uttara Kannada constituency]], serving a five-year term.<ref name="rajass">{{cite web |title=Governor of Rajasthan |publisher=Legislative Assembly of Rajasthan |url=http://rajassembly.nic.in/MargaretAlva.htm |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> She lost a subsequent re-election attempt in the 2004.<ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India|title=Margaret Alva to be Uttarakhand governor |url=http://www.timesnow.tv/Margaret-Alva-to-be-Uttarakhand-governor/videoshow/4322547.cms |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Between 2004 and 2009, she served as General Secretary of the All India Congress Committee and was an advisor to the Bureau of Parliamentary Studies & Training, a government body that works with newly elected parliamentary representatives at both national and state level.<ref name="rajgovt" />

=== Governorships ===
In November 2008, Alva said that Congress seats for the elections in Karnataka were open to bidders rather than subject to meritocratic appointment. Congress denied her claims and a meeting with the party president, [[Sonia Gandhi]] resulted in Alva resigning or being removed from her numerous official responsibilities in the party.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=262855:Cong%20cuts%20Alva%20down%20to%20size&catid=36:india&from_page=search |title=Cong cuts Alva down to size |publisher=The Statesman |date=13 November 2008 |access-date=20 January 2010 }}</ref> Subsequently, Alva patched up her differences with Congress leadership. She has declined to go into details of the 2008 controversy even as her resignation letter continues to be a subject of media speculation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/margaret-alva-governor-of-rajasthan-ashok-gehlot-rajasthan/1/291909.html |title=My book will reveal why I quit the AICC: Rajasthan Governor Margaret Alva |work=[[India Today]]|publisher=Living Media India Limited |date=18 July 2013 |access-date=21 August 2013 }}</ref>

On 6 August 2009, Alva became the first female [[Governor of Uttarakhand]]. Although she said then that she was enthusiastic about the challenges facing the nascent state, she found herself sidelined outside national politics and frustrated by the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] state government. She remained in the post until May 2012, at which time she was appointed [[Governor of Rajasthan]], which was a more important region in political terms. Of her time in Uttarakhand, Alva said that "The quietude allowed me to recharge my batteries and even spare some time for working on my biography". The autobiography is not expected to appear until after her retirement.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alva sworn in Uttarakhand Governor |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/07/stories/2009080757450500.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227205011/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/07/stories/2009080757450500.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 February 2014 |date=7 August 2009 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Wanchoo for Goa, Alva for Rajasthan |work=The Telegraph|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120429/jsp/nation/story_15432107.jsp#.UwSFm5itxII |date=29 April 2009 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Eventful stint that lent charm to Governor's post |first=Neena |last=Sharma |work=The Tribune |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120511/dplus.htm |date=10 May 2012 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>

The move to Rajasthan relieved Shivraj Patil, the [[List of Governors of Punjab (India)|Governor of Punjab]], of his temporary adjunct responsibility for that state which had arisen due to the death of the incumbent governor, [[Prabha Rau]], in April 2010.<ref>{{cite news |title=Margaret Alva sworn in as Rajasthan Governor |agency=Press Trust of India |date=12 May 2012 |work=Business Standard|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/margaret-alva-sworn-in-as-rajasthan-governor-112051200090_1.html |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Governor of Gujarat}}
{{Governors of Uttarakhand}}
{{Governors of Rajasthan}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Alva, Margaret}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Politicians from Mangalore]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Governors of Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:13th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Governors of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Governors of Gujarat]]
[[Category:Governors of Goa]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Women state governors of India]]
[[Category:Women in Karnataka politics]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Rajyotsava Award 2018]]
[[Category:Mount Carmel College, Bangalore alumni]]
[[Category:Women members of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:Women members of the Rajya Sabha]]

Margaret Alva - Revision history

ArtyCraftz: Improved article clarity and structure

->BattyBot: /* top */Removed/fixed incorrect author parameter(s), performed general fixes

>Scorpions13256: Copying from Category:21st-century Indian women politicians to Category:21st-century Indian politicians non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot