https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Mappila_dialectsMappila dialects - Revision history2026-10-21T15:24:00ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mappila_dialects&diff=516383&oldid=prevDeangeloWaley: done2026-03-05T18:28:27Z<p>done</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Dialect of Malayalam used by Mappila Muslims}}<br />
{{About|the spoken dialect of the Mappila community|the writing system historically used by this community|Arabi Malayalam script}}<br />
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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox language<br />
| name = Mappila Malayalam<br />
| nativename = മാപ്പിളമലയാളം<br />
| altname = Mappila dialect<br />
| image =<br />
| ethnicity = <br />
| pronunciation = <br />
| states = [[India]]<br />
| speakers = [[Malabar Muslims]]<br />
| familycolor = Dravidian<br />
| fam2 = Southern<br />
| fam3 = [[Southern Dravidian languages|Southern I]]<br />
| fam4 = Tamil–Kannada<br />
| fam5 = Tamil–[[Kota language (India)|Kota]]<br />
| fam6 = Tamil–[[Toda language|Toda]]<br />
| fam7 = Tamil–Irula<br />
| fam8 = Tamil–[[Kodava language|Kodava]]–[[Urali language|Urali]]<br />
| fam9 = [[Tamiloid languages|Tamil]]–[[Malayalamoid languages|Malayalam]]<br />
| fam10 = [[Malayalamoid languages|Malayalamoid]]<br />
| fam11 = [[Malayalam]]<br />
| ancestor = [[Old Tamil language|Old Tamil]]<br />
| ancestor2 = [[Middle Tamil language|Middle Tamil]]<br />
| script = [[Malayalam script]] (currently)<br>[[Arabi Malayalam script]] (historically)<br />
| isoexception = dialect<br />
| glotto = mopl1237<br />
| glottorefname = Moplah<br />
}}<br />
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'''Mappila Malayalam<ref>{{cite thesis|last=Kuzhiyan|first=Muneer Aram|title=Poetics of Piety Devoting and Self Fashioning in the Mappila Literary Culture of South India|url=http://hdl.handle.net/10603/213506|publisher=The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad|hdl=10603/213506}}</ref>''' (also called Moplah Malayalam) refers to the sociolects of the [[Malayalam]] language spoken by the [[Malabar Muslims|Mappila Muslim community]] of Kerala, India. Rather than a single uniform dialect, the term encompasses a variety of regional speech patterns that differ significantly by district (e.g., [[Kasaragod]], [[Malappuram]], [[Kozhikode]], [[Kannur]]). It is spoken by several million people, predominantly in the [[Malabar Coast]] of Kerala state, southern India.<br />
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Linguistically, Mappila Malayalam is mutually intelligible with other standard dialects of Malayalam.<ref name="Subramoniam">Subramoniam, V. I. (1997). ''Dravidian Encyclopaedia''. Vol. 3, Language and literature. Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala): International School of Dravidian Linguistics. pp. 508-09. [http://worldcat.org/isbn/818569222X]</ref><ref name="jewish-malayalam">{{cite news |title=Mappila Malayalam-1 |url=http://www.jewish-languages.org/jewish-malayalam.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501075736/http://www.jewish-languages.org/jewish-malayalam.html |archive-date=1 May 2009 |access-date=3 July 2007}}</ref> It is classified variously as a regional dialect of northern Kerala or as a sociolect of the Mappila community. It is also described as a [[vernacular]] or, particularly during the colonial era, as a provincial [[patois]]. A defining feature of Mappila Malayalam is it's lexical admixture, which shows influence from Arabic and Persian.<ref name="jewish-malayalam" /><ref name="KrishnaChaitanya">Krishna Chaitanya. ''Kerala. India, the Land and the People.'' New Delhi: National Book Trust, India, 1994. [http://worldcat.org/isbn/8123707517]</ref><br />
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== Writing system ==<br />
{{Main|Arabi Malayalam script}}<br />
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[[File:Multilingual (Tamil and Malayalam - Arabic script) advertisement - catalogue of books and textiles - Ponnani (1908).jpg|thumb|left|A multilingual advertisement with a catalogue of books and textiles available from a shop in Ponnani in 1908. Text on the left hand side is [[Arwi|Arabi-Tamil]], text on the right hand side, Arabi Malayalam script]]<br />
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The [[Arabi Malayalam script]] is a modified version of the [[Arabic script]]. The script<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Arafath|first=P. K. Yasser|date=July 2020|title=Polyglossic Malabar: Arabi-Malayalam and the Muhiyuddinmala in the age of transition (1600s–1750s)|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-royal-asiatic-society/article/polyglossic-malabar-arabimalayalam-and-the-muhiyuddinmala-in-the-age-of-transition-1600s1750s/65608DE0D0113699E7907ECC08E899C0|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society|language=en|volume=30|issue=3|pages=517–539|doi=10.1017/S1356186320000085|s2cid=232345197|issn=1356-1863|url-access=subscription}}</ref> is also known as Khatafunnani<ref>{{Cite thesis|last=Kunnath|first=Ammad|date=15 September 2015|title=The rise and growth of Ponnani from 1498 AD To 1792 AD|url=http://hdl.handle.net/10603/49524|publisher=Department of History|hdl=10603/49524}}</ref> or [[Ponnani]] script.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Panakkal|first=Abbas|url=http://myto.upm.edu.my/find/Record/iium.u537621|title=Islam in Malabar (1460-1600) : a socio-cultural study /|date=2016|publisher=Kulliyyah Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia|access-date=20 October 2020|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527064123/http://myto.upm.edu.my/find/Record/iium.u537621|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kallen|first=hussain Randathani|title=TRADE AND CULTURE: INDIAN OCEAN INTERACTION ON THE COAST OF MALABAR IN MEDIEVAL PERIOD|url=https://www.academia.edu/22105661|language=en}}</ref> It is also used to write several minority languages such as [[Aranadan language|Eranadan]] and [[Jeseri|Jesri]].<br />
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Scholars debate the origins of the writing system. While some historians (e.g., O. Abu) argue Arabs developed it to bridge linguistic barriers, a prominent theory suggests it was developed by native Mappilas. Due to the belief that the Arabic script was divinely bestowed, early Mappilas considered it inappropriate to record sacred texts in local scripts like Vatteluttu, prompting the adaptation of the Arabic alphabet for Malayalam.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arabi Malayalam|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/arabi-malayalam-3|access-date=2021-02-16|website=Sahapedia|language=en}}</ref><br />
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== Study center ==<br />
The [[Thunchath Ezhuthachan Malayalam University]] in [[Tirur]] has established a centre dedicated to the study of the Arabi Malayalam literary tradition and the Mappila dialect.<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 October 2017|title=New university centre for Arabi Malayalam|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/151017/new-university-centre-for-arabi-malayalam.html|access-date=20 October 2020|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=TwoCircles.net|date=28 December 2015|title=In Kerala, attempts to save Arabi Malayalam take final shape|url=http://twocircles.net/2015dec28/1451285082.html|access-date=20 October 2020|website=TwoCircles.net|language=en-US}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Arabi Malayalam script]]<br />
* [[Suriyani Malayalam]]<br />
* [[Arwi]]<br />
* [[Byari bhashe]]<br />
* [[Eranadan language]]<br />
* [[Jeseri]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Further reading==<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{Cite book|title=Arabee Malayala Sahitya Charithram [History of Arabi Malayalam] |publisher=[[National Book Stall|N.B.S.]] |year=1970 |location=Kottayam |last=O. Abu |language=Malayalam |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.27717}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
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{{Dravidian languages}}<br />
{{Languages spoken in Kerala}}<br />
{{Topics related to Kerala}}<br />
{{Islam in Kerala}}<br />
{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mappila Malayalam}}<br />
[[Category:Languages of India]]<br />
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]<br />
[[Category:Islamic culture]]<br />
[[Category:Malabar Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:Arabi Malayalam]]<br />
[[Category:Languages of Kerala]]</div>DeangeloWaley