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2021-08-21T10:13:17Z

History

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Manesar
|native_name =
|native_name_lang =
|other_name =
|settlement_type = town
|image_skyline =
|image_alt =
|image_caption = Eros Corporate Park, Sector-2 IMT Manesar
|nickname =
|pushpin_map = India Haryana#India
|pushpin_label_position =
|pushpin_map_alt =
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[Haryana]], India
|coordinates = {{coord|28.3553|76.9327|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
|subdivision_type3 = Metro
|subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Gurgaon]]
|subdivision_name3 = IMT Manesar
|established_title = 
|established_date =
|founder =
|named_for =
|government_type = Municipal corporation
|governing_body = Municipal Corporation of Manesar
|leader_title = Commissioner
|leader_name = Munish Sharma<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Kartik |title=Interview with Munish Sharma, commissioner, Municipal Corporation of Manesar |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/gurugram-news/interview-with-munish-sharma-commissioner-municipal-corporation-of-manesar-101612633538331.html |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=6 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
|leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha]]
|leader_name1 = [[Gurgaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gurugram Lok Sabha Constituency]]
|leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha]]
|leader_name2 = [[Pataudi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Pataudi Constituency]]
|unit_pref = Metric
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 124.32
|area_rank =
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 140
|population_total = 23448
|population_as_of = 2011
|population_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_rank =
|population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages<ref name=nclmanurep2010>{{cite web |url = http://www.nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |title = Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015) |pages = 24 |publisher = Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date = 13 October 2019 |df = dmy-all |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161115133948/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date = 15 November 2016 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="punjabiofficial">{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/haryana-grants-second-language-status-to-punjabi/story-MTUeEQDE4fRCbEyPkAm63N.html |title=Haryana grants second language status to Punjabi |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |author=IANS |date=28 January 2010 |access-date=13 October 2019|author-link=Indo-Asian News Service }}</ref>
|demographics1_title1 = Official
|demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]]
|demographics1_title2 = Additional official
|demographics1_info2 = [[English language|English]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
|timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset1 = +5:30
|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
|postal_code = Manesar 122 051 <br> IMT Manesar 122 052 <br>
|registration_plate = HR-26
|blank3_name_sec1 = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
|blank3_info_sec1 = [[Haryana Urban Development Authority]]
}}

'''Manesar''' is a town and municipal corporation in the [[Gurgaon district]] of the state of [[Haryana]], India. It is an industrial hub and is a part of the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]] (NCR) of [[Delhi]].

Its proximity to the burgeoning city of [[Gurgaon]] has in recent years caused its character and demographics to change dramatically. It has many factories, offices, hotels, IT parks and educational institutes. There are several sightseeing spots around the area, some overlapping with [[Gurgaon]]. Manesar is {{convert|32|km|mi}} from [[Indira Gandhi International Airport]] and is located on [[National Highway 48 (India)|National Highway 48]], making it well connected with Delhi, [[Gurgaon]], [[Rewari]], [[Dharuhera]], [[Jaipur]], [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Mumbai]].

==History==
Original Manesar village was a sleepy village of about 1000 dwellings on the Delhi-Jaipur highway, then numbered as [[National Highway 8 (India, old numbering)|NH-8]].Early people to inhabit the region were Hindus ruled over by the Ahir clan(YADAVS).[19] Yadu tribes were a part of this clan and today their descendants commonly hold the last name Yadav. Since the late 1990s, it has been transformed into a boom town. Its growth has been helped by government's drive to move out factories from Delhi as well as the growth of Gurgaon city and proximity to Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport (approximately 40 minutes). Farmers have become millionaires or multi-millionaires by selling their lands.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.india.com/news/india/haryana-showpiece-millennium-city-gurgaons-powerless-original-residents-suffer-135834/|title=Haryana showpiece millennium city Gurgaon's 'powerless' original residents suffer|website=India.com|date=1 September 2014|access-date=25 February 2015}}</ref>

==Demographics==
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], the Manesar census town had a total population of 23,448, of which 14,381 were males and 9,067 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 3,382. The total number of literates in Manesar was 18,105, which constituted 77.2% of the population with male literacy of 83.2% and female literacy of 67.8%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Manesar was 90.2%, of which male literacy rate was 95.4% and female literacy rate was 81.6%. The [[Scheduled Castes]] population was 1,774. Manesar had 5074 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Manesar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=71197 |access-date=24 December 2020}}</ref>

== Industrial Model Township ==
Manesar is part of the [[Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project]] (DMIC) on the [[Western Dedicated Freight Corridor]] (WDFC) and is also located in the influence zone of the [[Amritsar Delhi Kolkata Industrial Corridor]] (ADKIC) on the [[Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor]] (EDFC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=::: Welcome to Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor :::|url=http://delhimumbaiindustrialcorridor.com/dmic-haryana.html|access-date=13 October 2020|website=delhimumbaiindustrialcorridor.com}}</ref>

Industrial Model Township, Manesar, (IMT Manesar) is a large industrial area that forms part of the DMIC. There are several large multinational companies, such as [[Maruti Suzuki]], [[Jaquar]], and [[Toshiba]] Eco City.{{cn|date=September 2019}} [[Aadhar]]'s national [[Data Center]] is also located here,<ref name="HR-Review">[http://haryanasamvad.gov.in/store/document/HR-Review-January-2013.pdf Haryana Review 2013]</ref> and it also contains the Manesar Software Technology Park, which covers {{cvt|170|acre|ha}}.<ref name=hsiidc6>2006, [https://books.google.com/books?id=k7YaAQAAIAAJ&q=Haryana+state+industrial+and+infrastructure+development+corporation&dq=Haryana+state+industrial+and+infrastructure+development+corporation&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiesJns2fDZAhUjSI8KHYBqCkwQ6AEIUDAI India Today International], Volume 5, Issues 1-12, Page 78.</ref>

Attempts by the [[Government of Haryana]] to acquire additional land for expansion of the IMT development from 2011 led to numerous protests and legal challenges from farmers and other residents.<ref name=resolve1/><ref name=resolve3>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Villagers-fume-after-Haryana-CM-skips-KMP-meet/articleshow/7141757.cms?referral=PM|author=Tanushree Roy Chowdhury|work=The Times Of India|agency=TNN|title=Villagers fume after Haryana CM skips KMP meet|date=22 December 2010|access-date=7 February 2011}}</ref> These were resolved in 2014 when it bought a total of {{cvt|688|acre|ha}} from three villages (Manesar, [[Nakhrola]] and [[Naurangpur]]) at a price set by the [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]].<ref name=resolve1>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/compensate-gurgaon-farmers-at-current-rates-court-tells-builders/article1-1219196.aspx |title=Compensate Gurgaon farmers at current rates: court |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=14 May 2014 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517130751/http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/compensate-gurgaon-farmers-at-current-rates-court-tells-builders/article1-1219196.aspx |archive-date=17 May 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Manesar-Gurgaon land scam===
{{main | Robert Vadra DLF land grab scam | Gurugram Rajiv Gandhi Trust land grab scam }}
On 17 September 2015, the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI) registered a [[First Information Report]] under various sections of the [[Indian Penal Code]] relating to forgery, cheating and criminal conspiracy. These were in connection with alleged irregularities involving land acquisitions at IMT Manesar.<ref name=chor2/> Subsequently, in 2018, the former Haryana Chief Minister, [[Bhupinder Singh Hooda]], together with real estate companies, officials of the state government's department of town and country planning and bureaucrats who worked with Hooda while he was Chief Minister were charged. The scam had allegedly resulted in a 15 billion INR loss to farmers in Manesar and the adjoining villages of Naurangpur and Lakhnoula whose land, amounting to {{cvt|400|acre|ha}}, had been threatened with government purchase for "public purpose". Faced with the threat of government acquisition, farmers sold at knock-down prices, averaging 25 percent of market value, to real estate developers. The Hooda government then released the land from the acquisition threat, thus favouring the developers.<ref name=chor2>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/manesar-land-scam:-former-haryana-cm-bhupinder-singh-hooda-chargesheeted/articleshow/62755290.cms Manesar land scam: Ex-Haryana CM Bhupinder Singh Hooda chargesheeted], [[Times of India]], 2 February 2018.</ref>

One of the beneficiary of the scam was Hooda's nephew, Sukhwinder, whose company was given change of land use (CLU) permission for 52 acres land on the same day the government acquisition process had lapsed for the want of release of funds, while at the same time CLU was denied to two other unrelated applicants.<ref name=chor3>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/ex-cm-hoodas-nephew-among-beneficiaries-of-manesar-land-scam-chargesheet/articleshow/63050556.cms Bhupinder Singh Hooda’s nephew among beneficiaries of Manesar land scam: Chargesheet], [[Times of India]], 24 February 2018.</ref>

The [[Supreme Court of India]] cancelled the acquisition and grant of land to the developers and directed the CBI to inquire further. The government was instructed to "recover every single pie". Court returned the land to Haryana government. Land would not be returned to the landholders more than the prevailing price. The builders will not be allowed to recover any money they paid to land owners as the deal was done to benefit them and "middlemen". The court said:<ref name=chor4>[https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-slams-hooda-government-scraps-illegal-land-acquisition-in-haryana-1823030 "Nothing But Fraud": Supreme Court Scraps Haryana Land Deals Under BS Hooda Rule], [[NDTV]], 13 March 2018.</ref>

{{Quote|The acquisition process was withdrawn with fraudulent intentions after the land was purchased by the private builders in active connivance with state functionaries. The builders and private entities were aware that the acquisition would not go through. The entire acquisition proceedings were initiated with mala fide intention, illegally and in violation of the provisions of the Land Acquisition Act. It was not a mere bonanza or a deal, but denoted quid pro quo.}}

==Administration==
===Proposal for new city===
In 2018, the Chief Minister, [[Manohar Lal Khattar]], announced a new city that would adjoin Gurgaon and incorporate an area from Manesar towards Rewari, and also the area around Pataudi. The new city is likely to be spread across at least 50,000 hectares, which is larger than Chandigarh (11,400 hectares) but smaller than Gurgaon (73,200 hectares).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/larger-than-chandigarh-new-city-will-rise-next-to-gurgaon-5229711/ |title=Larger than Chandigarh, new city will rise next to Gurgaon |work=The Indian Express |date=23 June 2018 |access-date=24 September 2019}}</ref>

===Proposal of a new municipal corporation===
In November 2020, Haryana Chief Minister [[Manohar Lal Khattar]] announced creation of a new municipal corporation in Manesar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Joseph |first1=Joel |last2=Chaman |first2=Vishakha |title=Gurugram: Civic area to grow manifold, 2nd corporation by 2021 {{!}} Gurgaon News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/civic-area-to-grow-manifold-2nd-corpn-by-21/articleshow/79180858.cms |access-date=8 December 2020 |work=The Times of India |date=12 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref> In December 2020, the Haryana Government approved the formation of a new municipal corporation for Manesar in a cabinat meeting.<ref>{{cite news |title=Haryana cabinet approves municipal corporation for Manesar |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/haryana-cabinet-approves-municipal-corporation-for-manesar/story-VnE6qLyg9hfrIMHAlNu8mM.html |access-date=24 December 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=23 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

==Connectivity==
Manesar lies on National Highway 48 and is served by many local buses and states Roadways buses and trains plying on this route. The nearest railway station is [[Ghari Harsaru]]; a major station is at Gurgaon.

==Education==
There are many government and private schools, the former being managed by the Government of Haryana through the Haryana Board of School Education (HBSE).

==Tourism==
The Heritage Transport Museum is situated on a {{cvt|3|acre|ha}} plot at Tauru Gurgaon, near Manesar. A built-up area of over {{cvt|90000|sqft|sqm}} spread over four floors houses the exhibition galleries, library and reference centre, conference rooms, mini auditorium, the museum shop, and a restaurant facility.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritagetransportmuseum.org/index.php|title=Heritage Transport Museum Manesar Gurgaon - A collection of objects related to transportation in India!|publisher=Heritage Transport Museum|date=7 December 2013|access-date=19 December 2013}}</ref>

== Quarantine site ==
In January 2020, the [[Indian Army]] set up a quarantine camp in Manesar for suspected cases of [[Coronavirus disease 2019]]. 300 Indian students airlifted from [[Wuhan]] district of China were quarantined and observed for 14 days, after which those with no symptoms were allowed to go home.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gurung|first=Shaurya Karanbir|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/army-sets-up-quarantine-facility-in-manesar-for-300-students-returning-from-hubei/articleshow/73802284.cms|title=Army sets up quarantine facility in Manesar for 300 students returning from Hubei|date=31 January 2020|work=The Economic Times|access-date=13 March 2020}}</ref>

==Economy==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2020}}
Some of the industrial units functioning in Manesar are:
*[[Agilent Technologies|Riello Power India Pvt Ltd]]
*[[Alcatel-Lucent]]
*[[Alere Inc.]]
*[[Baxter International|Baxter]]
*[[BorgWarner]]
*[[Denso]] Haryana
*[[Hero MotoCorp]]
*[[HMSI|Honda Motorcycle & Scooters India]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Factory {{!}} Honda|url=https://www.honda2wheelersindia.com/about-us/factory|access-date=13 October 2020|website=www.honda2wheelersindia.com}}</ref>
*[[Johnson Matthey]]
*[[Keysight Technologies]]
*[[Mankind Pharma]]
*[[Maruti Suzuki]]
*[[Samsung]]
*[[Pfizer]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Gurgaon district topics}}

[[Category:Villages in Gurgaon district]]
[[Category:Economy of Gurgaon]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Gurgaon district]]
[[Category:Tehsils in Haryana]]

Manesar - Revision history

CaraVanOtterloo: updated page

imported>Shamitamy: /* History */