Alamin Sorker: Created page with 'Malayalam soft-porn was a genere of soft-porn movies that emerged in Kerala in the late 1980s. It disappeared with rapid changes in the industry in 2005.'

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Created page with 'Malayalam soft-porn was a genere of soft-porn movies that emerged in Kerala in the late 1980s. It disappeared with rapid changes in the industry in 2005.'

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{{for|the article about mainstream Malayalam film industry|Malayalam cinema}}
{{Short description|Genre of softcore pornographic films produced in Kerala, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
'''Malayalam softcore pornographic films''', also known as '''Mallu porn films''' was a popular genre of [[Softcore pornography|softcore porn movies]] produced in the [[South India|South Indian]] state of [[Kerala]]. They were marked as '''B-grade films''', which emerged parallel with the mainstream [[Malayalam cinema]] of Kerala in the 1980s. Regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity, ''[[Adipapam|Aadipapam]]'', which came out in 1988 is considered to have started the trend of softcore films in [[Malayalam]]. These films eventually became a parallel culture in [[Malayalam cinema]], during the Malayalam film-industry crisis.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ph.D |first=Asha Kasbekar |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=V6jOEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA235&dq=malayalam+soft+porn&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiv1qHXzN-BAxXfk1YBHZAvCysQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=malayalam%20soft%20porn&f=false |title=Pop Culture India!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle |date=2006-01-24 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-85109-641-1 |language=en |access-date=5 October 2023 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005191352/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=V6jOEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA235&dq=malayalam+soft+porn&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiv1qHXzN-BAxXfk1YBHZAvCysQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=malayalam%20soft%20porn&f=false#v=onepage&q=malayalam%20soft%20porn&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>

Despite facing a temporary decline in the 1990s, the popularity of the B-grade films became immense in Kerala after the release of [[Sex in film|erotic film]] ''[[Kinnara Thumbikal]]'' in 2000. It grossed ₹4 crore at the box office against a budget of ₹12 lakh and would go on to pioneer a new wave of low-budget softcore porn films in the state, with this period being termed the ''[[Shakeela|Shakeela Tharanagam]]'' (The wave of Shakeela). In 2001, more than 70% of the total films produced in [[Malayalam]] were of the soft porn variety. The decline of B-grade films started in 2003, mainly due to the rapid internet surge in India among many other reasons, which put an end to the genre's roughly 25-year existence in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menon |first=Vishal |date=2020-05-16 |title=Shakeela, Superstardom And A Softporn Wave That Threatened The Survival Of Malayalam Cinema |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/shakeela-superstardom-and-a-softporn-wave-that-threatened-the-survival-of-malayalam-cinema |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.filmcompanion.in |language=en |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928184232/https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/shakeela-superstardom-and-a-softporn-wave-that-threatened-the-survival-of-malayalam-cinema |url-status=live }}</ref>

There is a general consensus that the B-grade films were the backbone of Malayalam film industry during the worst period of it. But they were seen as vulgar and crude by many of the critics. They consider that these films brought a lot of ignominy and disgrace to the Malayalam film industry in the beginning of 2000. There was also a widespread protest against Shakeela films and isolated incidents of violence against the theaters showing them were reported at the time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=അവരെ നമ്മൾ കാണുന്നത് എങ്ങനെയാണ്! ഷക്കീലയും മലയാള സിനിമയും അന്നും ഇന്നും |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/celebrity-news/actress-shakeela-reference-malayalam-films/articleshow/77036358.cms |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005191353/https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/celebrity-news/actress-shakeela-reference-malayalam-films/articleshow/77036358.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==History==
===Roots and early years===
In the 1970s, Malayalam films that explore themes surrounding sexuality started emerging. The 1972 Malayalam film ''[[Punarjanmam]]'' (''Reincarnation'') is considered to be the first [[Erotic thriller|erotic psychic thriller]] in [[Cinema of India|Indian film history]]. The plot of the film involved a man who displayed unable to have sex with his partner because the wife seemed to him as his mother each time they attempted to consummate their relationship. In 1978, ''[[Avalude Ravukal]]'' was released, which is the first Malayalam film to get an A certification, classifying it as fit for adults only. It was highly successful and was dubbed in Tamil and Hindi. Avalude Ravugal was a bold attempt by [[I. V. Sasi|I. V Sasi]] about an adolescent sex worker, but it was unfairly dismissed as porn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Babu |first=Subash |date=2017-10-27 |title=IV Sasi’s ‘Her Nights’ was a bold take on sex work that was unfairly dismissed as porn |url=https://scroll.in/reel/855475/iv-sasis-her-nights-was-a-bold-take-on-sex-work-that-was-unfairly-dismissed-as-porn |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US |archive-date=14 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214093124/https://scroll.in/reel/855475/iv-sasis-her-nights-was-a-bold-take-on-sex-work-that-was-unfairly-dismissed-as-porn |url-status=live }}</ref> The same year came out [[Rathinirvedam (1978 film)|Rathinirvedham]], where the plot revolves around a teenager, who is sexually attracted to an older woman. It is considered as a landmark film in Malayalam cinema's history. At the same time, many film analysts also criticize that that the influx of Malayalam soft porn films during the next several years began after the release of Rathinirvedham.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-19 |title=Can 'Rathinirvedam' remake recreate waves? {{!}} Deccan Chronicle |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloid/kochi/can-rathinirvedam-remake-recreate-waves-823 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=web.archive.org |archive-date=19 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110619004805/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloid/kochi/can-rathinirvedam-remake-recreate-waves-823 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>

===Rise and peak===
From the mid 1980s, the soft porn production gradually started to rise up. The increase in VCRs and TVs were also a reason behind this. In 1985, [[Crossbelt Mani]], a seasoned director, made the film ''[[Ottayan]]'' with a rape and revenge storyline, inserted sex scenes, and distributed it around Kerala's main theatres. The heroine's blouse was pulled off during a six-minute rape scene and the villain massaged her breasts. The film, which costed ₹10 lakh to make, made ₹12 lakh in two weeks until the censor board caught on and banned it. ''Dhoomam'' (1985) director Chandrasekharan Thampi originally planned to make it as a black-and-white art film, but it was shelved due to financial difficulties. Later, he inserted additional sex scenes, including one [[sexual intercourse]] scene, and released the movie through his own firm, but only in isolated towns and villages and without any publicity. Because of word-of-mouth promotion, it became popular Directors such as [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan|K.S. Gopalakrishnan]] then made films such as ''Pidikitapulli'' (1986) and ''[[Karinagam]]'' (1986) that featured several sex scenes and nudity, that were never shown to the censor board. The sex scenes were absent when the censor board confiscated a print of Pidikitapulli, but two weeks later the same film was playing in the crowded suburban [[Thiruvananthapuram|Trivandrum]] theatre, with the sex scenes reinserted.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mini |first=Darshana Sreedhar |date=2016 |title=The Spectral Duration of Malayalam Soft-porn: Disappearance, Desire, and Haunting |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0974927616667971 |journal=BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=127–150 |doi=10.1177/0974927616667971 |issn=0974-9276 |access-date=22 September 2023 |archive-date=27 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227041329/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0974927616667971 |url-status=live }}</ref> At that time, president of the Kerala film chamber and the producer of the mainstream Malayalam film ''[[Vartha]]'' (1986), ''K. V. Gangadharan'' quoted that "super-hit family dramas in the cities are flopping in rural areas because the average male cine-goer in these areas is lured by these soft-porn films with inserted sex scenes." Following the ban, producers and distributors of soft porn films relocated from cities to countryside. Students from Trivandrum made daily pilgrimages to [[Guruvayur Temple|Guruvayoor]] or [[Attingal]] to see soft-porn films. The Sree Krishna theatre in [[Guruvayur|Guruvayoor]] located about 100 yards from the main temple entrance, routinely showed soft-porn films. In 1986, roughly 14 of the 32-odd films released had sex or nude scenes that were shot separately and never shown to the censor board, but were afterwards inserted into the film for screening in rural areas. These nude reels, which was kept in discreet were known as ''Thund'' (Bits) and hence the popular term '''Bit/Piece padam''<nowiki/>' (Bit film) arised.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Soft-porn boom hits commercial cinema in Kerala like a bolt from the blue |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/films/story/19860515-soft-porn-boom-hits-commercial-cinema-in-kerala-like-a-bolt-from-the-blue-800882-1986-05-14 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005191353/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/films/story/19860515-soft-porn-boom-hits-commercial-cinema-in-kerala-like-a-bolt-from-the-blue-800882-1986-05-14 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1988, ''[[Adipapam]]'', which is regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity was released. It was a big success at the box office grossing ₹2.5 crore against a budget of ₹7.5 lakh. The director of ''Adipapam'', [[P. Chandrakumar|Chandrakumar]] himself later went on to direct eight more softcore films and the heroine Abhilasha became the most sought B-grade actress of that time. Chandrakumar also made a quote that "Abhilasha's thighs and [[Mammootty]]'s face costs the same". The success of ''Adipapam'' inspired a series of similar productions in the next few years. The film ''[[Layanam]]'' (1989) starring [[Silk Smitha]] in the lead role got a lot of attention when it was released. It was also a big success at box office and 12 years after its release, it was remade in [[Hindi cinema|Hindi]] as ''Reshma Ki Jawani''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhattacharya |first=Roshmila |date=2002-11-08 |title=SEX SELLS: Another chottisi prem kahani makes money |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/fullstory.php?content_id=8 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307115127/http://www.screenindia.com/old/fullstory.php?content_id=8 |archive-date=7 March 2009 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]]}}</ref> According to the noted film historian Rajakrishnan, the boom of soft porn films was fuelled by a lenient Madras Censor Board. When they were barred from censoring Malayalam films, they dried up".<ref>{{Cite web |title=rediff.com, Movies: Sleaze time, folks! |url=https://m.rediff.com/entertai/2001/jan/24mallu.htm |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=m.rediff.com |archive-date=11 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111113216/https://m.rediff.com/entertai/2001/jan/24mallu.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Temporary decline in the 1990s===
When the family friendly films along with group-gang [[Comedy film|comedy films]] started coming into Malayalam cinema in the 90s, it temporarily ended the trend of B-grade films that lasted from 1986-1992.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-05 |title=20 Extraordinary Malayalam Movies That Defined The 90s For Every Malayali |url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/entertainment/90s-malayalam-movies/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=ScoopWhoop |language=en |archive-date=3 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603104223/https://www.scoopwhoop.com/entertainment/90s-malayalam-movies/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===The wave of Shakeela===
{{see also|Shakeela|Reshma (B-grade actress)}}
The continued failure of comedy films and the theater strikes in Kerala, that started in the early 2000s, led to a comeback of B-grade films in Malayalam. By the [[millennium]], a majority of the Malayalam films were of soft porn genre. In March 2000, ''[[Kinnara Thumbikal|Kinnarathumbikal]]'', a low budget softcore porn film starring [[Shakeela]] was released. It was a major commercial success, grossing ₹4 crore at the box office against a budget of ₹12 lakhs. The film was dubbed in more than six Indian languages. Its success triggered a series of similar low budget softporn films being produced in Malayalam cinema.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shakeela, the woman who inspired genres without ever doing porn |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-shakeela-the-woman-who-inspired-genres-without-ever-doing-porn-2112421 |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=DNA India |language=en |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928010000/https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-shakeela-the-woman-who-inspired-genres-without-ever-doing-porn-2112421 |url-status=live }}</ref> There was also a flooding of soft porn Malayalam films in the market starring Shakeela, which led to what was known as ''Shakeela tharangam'' (the wave of Shakeela). Around 57 of the total 89 films released in 2001 belonged to the soft-porn category and Shakeela featured in many of them.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pornography is big business in Malayalam film industry |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20020805-pornography-is-big-business-in-malayalam-film-industry-794685-2002-08-04 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=25 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525015506/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20020805-pornography-is-big-business-in-malayalam-film-industry-794685-2002-08-04 |url-status=live }}</ref> During the Shakeela wave, many of her old films were dusted off and re-released, including [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] and [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] films. At one time, posters with Shakeela's half-naked body, a single name, and a large Adults only emblem were widespread in Kerala. According to film expert ''Darshana Sreedhar Mini'', during the Malayalam film industry crisis of the early 2000s, the success of Shakeela films became critical to the industry's survival because her presence insured revenues and, hence, the survival of film employees. Shakeela became well-known throughout the country as the [[Pan-Indian film|Pan Indian]] face of soft-porn. Also, many of her films were well-known outside of Kerala and were even dubbed into many languages including [[Hindi]]. With lower production costs and poorer quality than mainstream films, the Malayalam B-grade films dominated a significant portion of the market, with considerable production.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mini |first=Darshana Sreedhar |date=2019-04-01 |title=The Rise of Soft Porn in Malayalam Cinema and the Precarious Stardom of Shakeela |url=https://online.ucpress.edu/fmh/article/5/2/49/109555/The-Rise-of-Soft-Porn-in-Malayalam-Cinema-and-the |journal=Feminist Media Histories |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=49–82 |doi=10.1525/fmh.2019.5.2.49 |access-date=5 October 2023 |archive-date=18 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718220318/https://online.ucpress.edu/fmh/article/5/2/49/109555/The-Rise-of-Soft-Porn-in-Malayalam-Cinema-and-the |url-status=live }}</ref> Many theatres, which faced shutdown survived only because of the arrival and acceptance of such B-grade films and the market was flooded with many B-grade films. The actresses such as [[Reshma (B-grade actress)|Reshma]], Maria, Sindhu and Alphonsa, who all came along with or after Shakeela became the integral part of the industry. Shakeela's film ''Rakshasarajni'' (2001) even competed against [[Raavanaprabhu|Ravana Prabhu]] and [[Rakshasa Rajavu]], starring [[Mohanlal]] and [[Mammootty]] respectively, and became successful at box office.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kottoor |first=Asim |date=2017-11-16 |title=ഷക്കീല,രേഷ്മ,മറിയ: ഇവര്‍ ഇന്നെവിടെയാണ്? {{!}} Cinema, East Coast Special, General, International, Kerala, Latest News, National, NEWS , maria, reshma, shakkeela |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2017/11/16/shakkeela-reshma-and-maria-investigation-report/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US |archive-date=22 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922174806/https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2017/11/16/shakkeela-reshma-and-maria-investigation-report/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Decline and end===
The introduction of internet services and the mobile phones in India negatively affected the Malayalam softcore porn industry. The general perception of the viewers also started to change after 2003. The familiar body and usual antics of the actresses acting in B-grade films started to get dull for the audience. The directors of such films did not make efforts to bring new actresses into this field and make them successful. As a result, the production of such films slowly stopped. Because of the repetitive story backgrounds, the audience also started turning away from such films. With the availability of free videos and images on [[Digital media|online media]], buying [[Videocassette recorder|video cassettes]] for watching softcore porn also became less common habit.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-21 |title=ഷക്കീലയ്ക്കും മറിയയ്ക്കുമൊപ്പം തരംഗം സൃഷ്ടിച്ച രേഷ്മ ഇന്ന് എവിടെ ? സിനിമ ജീവിതം യഥാര്‍ഥ ജീവിതത്തിലേക്കും പകര്‍ത്തിയപ്പോള്‍ സംഭവിച്ചത്... |url=https://www.rashtradeepika.com/reshma-3/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=RashtraDeepika |language=en-US |archive-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426110641/https://www.rashtradeepika.com/reshma-3/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The state censor board and the mainstream Malayalam film industry also took some measures to stop the production of low quality B-grade films. Between 2005 to 2007, the release of B-grade films were limited. Although some producers made a few feeble attempts to resurrect the sector between 2007 and 2010, none of these films were able to garner the required response and performed relatively poorly at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web |title=With the Advent of High-speed Internet, It’s Curtains for Adult Movies in Theatres |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2014/dec/06/With-the-Advent-of-High-speed-Internet-It%E2%80%99s-Curtains-for-Adult-Movies-in-Theatres-690923.html |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=The New Indian Express |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005191357/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2014/dec/06/With-the-Advent-of-High-speed-Internet-It%E2%80%99s-Curtains-for-Adult-Movies-in-Theatres-690923.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Concept, characteristics and criticism ==
Malayalam soft porn films restructured and modified the functional framework of the hero and heroine. In the mainstream movies of India, the hero is normally the central to the plot. Reversing this premise, Malayalam soft porn films functioned using female starlets as the main attraction. The hero, and even the concept of the hero, are replaceable in these films. Most of the mainstream films of that time showed heroic [[masculinity]] and completely muted the agential role of women. In Malayalam B-grade films, on the other hand, male roles in the films were functionally supplementary. The heroine and her [[Human sexuality|sexuality]] are at the heart of the film and every other character is insignificant.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannanur |first=Sunil |date=2019-11-04 |title=ബി ഗ്രേഡ്‌ സിനിമകളും ചില കാണാക്കാഴ്ചകളും– Part 2 {{!}} PravasiExpress |url=https://www.pravasiexpress.com/behind-b-grade-movies-detailed-study-part-2/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |language=en-US |archive-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320091920/https://www.pravasiexpress.com/behind-b-grade-movies-detailed-study-part-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Aside from physical preferences, the majority of the women in these films are stereotypically placed in situations where the heroines are shown to be at least 25 years old, on the verge of their prime, and in desperate need of sexual intimacy. The heroines underwent a significant shift in appearance in these films. They were dressed in skimpy shorts and tops that exposed a large section of their [[Midriff|midriffs]] as well as little but noticeable areas of their [[Cleavage (breasts)|cleavage]]. These films had a obsession with emphasising physical features of the women. In one of the most famous scenes from these movies, a spinning totem was placed on the heroine's [[navel]] and she moaned in pleasure as the totem's movement appeared to tickle and please her. The female body's midsection was the subject of another prominent obsession in these films. Malayalam and [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] actress [[Revathi]] had criticised this concept of B-grade films. "Why are we so obsessed with women’s bodies anyway? When we talk about sexism, we keep talking about the same things. What we need is gender sensitization of everyone involved with the film industry… not just scriptwriters or directors or lyricists or actors… But everyone. Only then will we get change"; she said.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarkar |first=Urbee |date=2018-10-05 |title=[VoxSpace Selects] The Sex Quotient : Women In The South Indian Soft Porn Industry |url=https://www.voxspace.in/2018/10/05/south-indian-soft-porn-industry/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=VoxSpace |language=en-US |archive-date=17 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017050342/http://www.voxspace.in/2018/10/05/south-indian-soft-porn-industry/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Aftermath==
Even though the Malayalam film industry no more produce any softcore porn films, video clips and images from the old Malayalam B-grade films are still one of the main earner of [[Internet pornography|porn websites]] in India. Terms such as ''Mallu Aunty'' and ''Mallu Chechi'' are among the popular search terms in these websites.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannanur |first=Sunil |date=2019-10-22 |title=ബി ഗ്രേഡ്‌ സിനിമകളും ചില കാണാക്കാഴ്ചകളും – Part 1 {{!}} PravasiExpress |url=https://www.pravasiexpress.com/behind-b-grade-movies-detailed-study-part-1/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |language=en-US |archive-date=25 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325040442/https://www.pravasiexpress.com/behind-b-grade-movies-detailed-study-part-1/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Shakeela's character types are referenced in popular [[erotic comics]] that portray married female characters as the target of [[Sexual fantasy|sexual fantasies]], such as the controversial [[Savita Bhabhi]] and ''Velamma''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sreedhar Mini |first=Darshana |last2=Baishya |first2=Anirban K. |date=2020-01-02 |title=Transgressions in Toonland: Savita Bhabhi , Velamma and the Indian adult comic |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23268743.2019.1590228 |journal=Porn Studies |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=115–131 |doi=10.1080/23268743.2019.1590228 |issn=2326-8743 |access-date=5 October 2023 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005191358/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23268743.2019.1590228?cookieSet=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> In August 2022, ''Yessma'', which is touted as the first ever Malayalam [[Over-the-top media service|OTT platform]] to exclusively stream adult content was launched.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yessma: Malayalam OTT platform for adult content goes live with Lakshmi Dheeptha’s Nancy |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/yessma-malayalam-ott-platform-for-adult-content-goes-live-with-lakshmi-dheepthas-nancy/002ee9e93a902 |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Film genres}}

[[Category:Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Movements in cinema]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Cinema of India]]
[[Category:Film industry in India]]
[[Category:Softcore pornography| ]]

Malayalam softcore pornography - Revision history

ShermanGraham8: formatting fix

Alamin Sorker: Created page with 'Malayalam soft-porn was a genere of soft-porn movies that emerged in Kerala in the late 1980s. It disappeared with rapid changes in the industry in 2005.'