Makkah Masjid, Hyderabad - Revision history

>Johnbod: The complex was put by UNESCO on its "tentative list" to become a World Heritage Site in 2014, with others in the region, under the name Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate (despite there being a number of different sultanates).[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5887/ UNESCO "tentative list"]

2021-10-31T03:26:33Z

The complex was put by UNESCO on its "tentative list" to become a World Heritage Site in 2014, with others in the region, under the name Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate (despite there being a number of different sultanates).<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5887/ UNESCO "tentative list"]</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:56, 31 October 2021
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	{{About\|a mosque in [[Hyderabad, India\|Hyderabad, Photograph of the Mecca Masjid in Hyderabad, taken by Deen Dayal in the 1880s, from the Curzon Collection: 'Views of HH the Nizam's Dominions, Hyderabad, Deccan, 1892'. The Mecca Masjid at Hyderabad is one of the largest mosques in the south of India; it can accommodate 10,000 worshippers at prayers. Construction began under Muhammad Qutb Shah in 1614 however it was not completed until 1693 by Aurangzeb. It was constructed from huge granite boulders that were hewn locally. Small red bricks believed to have come from Mecca are positioned above the central arch. The mosque contains the tombs of the Nizams of the Asaf Jahi dynasty from 1803 onwards. This is a view of the main facade with its five arched entrances. The prayer hall contains five aisles, three bays deep. The cicular corner miners, with octagonal balconies, are small in height; they were never carried above parapet level. The capping domes were added later by the Mughals.[India]]\|the Grand Mosque in [[Mecca]]\|Masjid al-Haram}}		{{About\|a mosque in [[Hyderabad, India\|Hyderabad]], [[India]]\|the Grand Mosque in [[Mecca]]\|Masjid al-Haram}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2015}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2015}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2015}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2015}}
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	'''Makkah Masjid''' or '''Mecca Masjid''', is a [[congregational mosque]] in [[Hyderabad, Telangana\|Hyderabad]], [[India]]. It is one of the largest mosques in India with a capacity of 10,000 people.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|last=Dayakar\|first=G\|title=Qutb Shahi Architecture in Hyderabad- A Special Study\|year=2019\|isbn=9788193828243\|pages=28}}</ref> The mosque was built during the 17th century, and is a [[List of State Protected Monuments in Telangana\|state-protected monument]]. It serves as the primary mosque for the [[Old City of Hyderabad]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|last=Burton-Page\|first=John\|url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/924b5090-0b5f-4bb3-9486-9b8c0c708e92/1000348.pdf\|title=Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments\|publisher=Brill\|year=2008\|isbn=9789047423652\|pages=146}}</ref> and is located close to the historic landmarks of [[Charminar]], [[Chowmahalla Palace]] and [[Laad Bazaar]].		'''Makkah Masjid''' or '''Mecca Masjid''', is a [[congregational mosque]] in [[Hyderabad, Telangana\|Hyderabad]], [[India]]. It is one of the largest mosques in India with a capacity of 10,000 people.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|last=Dayakar\|first=G\|title=Qutb Shahi Architecture in Hyderabad- A Special Study\|year=2019\|isbn=9788193828243\|pages=28}}</ref> The mosque was built during the 17th century, and is a [[List of State Protected Monuments in Telangana\|state-protected monument]]. It serves as the primary mosque for the [[Old City of Hyderabad]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|last=Burton-Page\|first=John\|url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/924b5090-0b5f-4bb3-9486-9b8c0c708e92/1000348.pdf\|title=Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments\|publisher=Brill\|year=2008\|isbn=9789047423652\|pages=146}}</ref> and is located close to the historic landmarks of [[Charminar]], [[Chowmahalla Palace]] and [[Laad Bazaar]].

	[[Muhammad ~~Quli~~ Qutb Shah]], the ~~fifth~~ ruler of the [[Qutb Shahi dynasty]], commissioned bricks to be made from the soil brought from [[Mecca]], the holiest site of [[Islam]], and used them in the construction of the central arch of the mosque, thus giving the mosque its name.		[[Muhammad Qutb Shah]], the sixth ruler of the [[Qutb Shahi dynasty]], commissioned bricks to be made from the soil brought from [[Mecca]], the holiest site of [[Islam]], and used them in the construction of the central arch of the mosque, thus giving the mosque its name.

			The complex was put by [[UNESCO]] on its "tentative list" to become a [[World Heritage Site]] in 2014, with others in the region, under the name [[Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate]] (despite there being a number of different sultanates).<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5887/ UNESCO "tentative list"]</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	The construction of the Makkah Masjid began in the year 1617 CE, during the reign of [[Muhammad ~~Quli~~ Qutb Shah]], the ~~fifth~~ [[Qutb Shahi]] Sultan of [[Golconda]] (now Hyderabad). The ruler personally laid its [[Cornerstone\|foundation stone]]. Around 8,000 workers were employed to build the mosque. It was completed by [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] in 1693.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book\|last=Khalidi\|first=Omar\|url=https://archnet.org/authorities/2736/publications/12049\|title=A Guide to Architecture in Hyderabad, Deccan, India\|publisher=Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture & MIT Libraries\|year=2009\|pages=41}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The three arched facades{{dubious\|not the facades, but the mihrab!\|date=March 2020}} have been carved from a single piece of granite, which took five years to quarry.		The construction of the Makkah Masjid began in the year 1617 CE, during the reign of [[Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah]], the sixth [[Qutb Shahi]] Sultan of [[Golconda]] (now Hyderabad). The ruler personally laid its [[Cornerstone\|foundation stone]]. Around 8,000 workers were employed to build the mosque. It was completed by [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] in 1693.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book\|last=Khalidi\|first=Omar\|url=https://archnet.org/authorities/2736/publications/12049\|title=A Guide to Architecture in Hyderabad, Deccan, India\|publisher=Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture & MIT Libraries\|year=2009\|pages=41}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The three arched facades{{dubious\|not the facades, but the mihrab!\|date=March 2020}} have been carved from a single piece of granite, which took five years to quarry.

	[[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier]], a French explorer, in his travelogue observed:<blockquote>"It is about 50 years since they began to build a splendid pagoda in the town which will be the grandest in all India when it is completed. The size of the stone is the subject of special accomplishment, and that of a niche, which is its place for prayer, is an entire rock of such enormous size that they spent five years in quarrying it, and 500 to 600 men were employed continually on its work. It required still more time to roll it up on to conveyance by which they brought it to the pagoda; and they took 1400 oxen to draw it."<ref>Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, ''Travels in India'' (English translation), Oxford University Press, Humphrey Milford, translated by Ball, London 1925 pg 205. Both volumes translated from ''Le Six Voyages'' of J. B. Tavernier (2 vols. 4to, Paris, 1676)</ref></blockquote>		[[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier]], a French explorer, in his travelogue observed:<blockquote>"It is about 50 years since they began to build a splendid pagoda in the town which will be the grandest in all India when it is completed. The size of the stone is the subject of special accomplishment, and that of a niche, which is its place for prayer, is an entire rock of such enormous size that they spent five years in quarrying it, and 500 to 600 men were employed continually on its work. It required still more time to roll it up on to conveyance by which they brought it to the pagoda; and they took 1400 oxen to draw it."<ref>Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, ''Travels in India'' (English translation), Oxford University Press, Humphrey Milford, translated by Ball, London 1925 pg 205. Both volumes translated from ''Le Six Voyages'' of J. B. Tavernier (2 vols. 4to, Paris, 1676)</ref></blockquote>
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	{{main\|Mecca Masjid bombing}}		{{main\|Mecca Masjid bombing}}
	On 18 May 2007, a bomb exploded inside the Makkah Masjid during [[Friday prayers]], killing at least thirteen people and injuring dozens more.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6668695.stm\|title=Bomb hits historic India mosque\|date=18 May 2007\|work=BBC News Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/india/28303594_1_huji-mecca-mosque-blast-abhinav-bharat\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104205622/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/india/28303594_1_huji-mecca-mosque-blast-abhinav-bharat\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=4 November 2012\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|title=HuJI ban takes no note of 'terror' role\|date=8 August 2010}}</ref>[[File:Mecca Masjid graves.jpg\|thumb\|Graves of the 2nd to 6th [[Nizam]]s in the Makkah Masjid\|alt=<nowiki>In pic: In Green cover is the grave of [[Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI]]</nowiki>]]		On 18 May 2007, a bomb exploded inside the Makkah Masjid during [[Friday prayers]], killing at least thirteen people and injuring dozens more.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6668695.stm\|title=Bomb hits historic India mosque\|date=18 May 2007\|work=BBC News Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/india/28303594_1_huji-mecca-mosque-blast-abhinav-bharat\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104205622/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/india/28303594_1_huji-mecca-mosque-blast-abhinav-bharat\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=4 November 2012\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|title=HuJI ban takes no note of 'terror' role\|date=8 August 2010}}</ref>[[File:Mecca Masjid graves.jpg\|thumb\|Graves of the 2nd to 6th [[Nizam]]s in the Makkah Masjid\|alt=<nowiki>In pic: In Green cover is the grave of [[Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI]]</nowiki>]]
	The Mecca Masjid blast occurred on 18 May 2007 inside the Mecca Masjid, (or "Makkah Masjid") a mosque located in the old city area of Hyderabad,[2] capital of the Indian state of Telangana located very close to Charminar. The blast was caused by a cellphone-triggered pipe bomb placed near the Wuzukhana, a spot where ablutions are performed. Two more live IEDs were found and defused by the police.[3][4] Sixteen people were reported dead in the immediate aftermath, of whom five were killed by the police firing after the

	==Architecture==		==Architecture==

imported>AnomieBOT: Fixing reference errors

2021-08-30T03:30:12Z

Fixing reference errors

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{{About|a mosque in [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad, Photograph of the Mecca Masjid in Hyderabad, taken by Deen Dayal in the 1880s, from the Curzon Collection: 'Views of HH the Nizam's Dominions, Hyderabad, Deccan, 1892'. The Mecca Masjid at Hyderabad is one of the largest mosques in the south of India; it can accommodate 10,000 worshippers at prayers. Construction began under Muhammad Qutb Shah in 1614 however it was not completed until 1693 by Aurangzeb. It was constructed from huge granite boulders that were hewn locally. Small red bricks believed to have come from Mecca are positioned above the central arch. The mosque contains the tombs of the Nizams of the Asaf Jahi dynasty from 1803 onwards. This is a view of the main facade with its five arched entrances. The prayer hall contains five aisles, three bays deep. The cicular corner miners, with octagonal balconies, are small in height; they were never carried above parapet level. The capping domes were added later by the Mughals.[India]]|the Grand Mosque in [[Mecca]]|Masjid al-Haram}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}

{{Infobox religious building|building_name=Makkah Masjid|religious_affiliation=[[Islam]]|image=File:Mecca Masjid Hyderabad.JPG|caption=|location=[[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]]|geo={{coord|17.360305|N|78.473416|E|region:IN-AP_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}|state=[[Telangana]]|country= [[India]]<ref name="Location of Makkah Masjid">{{cite web|last=Google maps|title=Location of Makkah Masjid|url=https://maps.google.com/local_url?dq=Makkah+Masjid,+Hyderabad,+Andhra+Pradesh,+India&q=https://plus.google.com/106896620154709060052/about%3Fhl%3Den&s=ANYYN7lE3lEeok5lVxnXdi7nh1BlkxNfVg&dtab=2|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=24 September 2013}}</ref>|status=[[Mosque]]|architecture_type=|architecture_style=[[Indo-Islamic architecture]]|year_completed=1693|construction_cost=|capacity=10,000|length=67 m|width=54 m|width_nave=|height_max=23 m|materials=[[granite]]}}

'''Makkah Masjid''' or '''Mecca Masjid''', is a [[congregational mosque]] in [[Hyderabad, Telangana|Hyderabad]], [[India]]. It is one of the largest mosques in India with a capacity of 10,000 people.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Dayakar|first=G|title=Qutb Shahi Architecture in Hyderabad- A Special Study|year=2019|isbn=9788193828243|pages=28}}</ref> The mosque was built during the 17th century, and is a [[List of State Protected Monuments in Telangana|state-protected monument]]. It serves as the primary mosque for the [[Old City of Hyderabad]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Burton-Page|first=John|url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/924b5090-0b5f-4bb3-9486-9b8c0c708e92/1000348.pdf|title=Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments|publisher=Brill|year=2008|isbn=9789047423652|pages=146}}</ref> and is located close to the historic landmarks of [[Charminar]], [[Chowmahalla Palace]] and [[Laad Bazaar]].

[[Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah]], the fifth ruler of the [[Qutb Shahi dynasty]], commissioned bricks to be made from the soil brought from [[Mecca]], the holiest site of [[Islam]], and used them in the construction of the central arch of the mosque, thus giving the mosque its name.

==History==
The construction of the Makkah Masjid began in the year 1617 CE, during the reign of [[Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah]], the fifth [[Qutb Shahi]] Sultan of [[Golconda]] (now Hyderabad). The ruler personally laid its [[Cornerstone|foundation stone]]. Around 8,000 workers were employed to build the mosque. It was completed by [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] in 1693.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Khalidi|first=Omar|url=https://archnet.org/authorities/2736/publications/12049|title=A Guide to Architecture in Hyderabad, Deccan, India|publisher=Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture & MIT Libraries|year=2009|pages=41}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The three arched facades{{dubious|not the facades, but the mihrab!|date=March 2020}} have been carved from a single piece of granite, which took five years to quarry.

[[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier]], a French explorer, in his travelogue observed:<blockquote>"It is about 50 years since they began to build a splendid pagoda in the town which will be the grandest in all India when it is completed. The size of the stone is the subject of special accomplishment, and that of a niche, which is its place for prayer, is an entire rock of such enormous size that they spent five years in quarrying it, and 500 to 600 men were employed continually on its work. It required still more time to roll it up on to conveyance by which they brought it to the pagoda; and they took 1400 oxen to draw it."<ref>Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, ''Travels in India'' (English translation), Oxford University Press, Humphrey Milford, translated by Ball, London 1925 pg 205. Both volumes translated from ''Le Six Voyages'' of J. B. Tavernier (2 vols. 4to, Paris, 1676)</ref></blockquote>
[[File:Meccamasjidcharminar.jpg|right|thumb|Mecca masjid view from charminar]]

===Bombing===
{{main|Mecca Masjid bombing}}
On 18 May 2007, a bomb exploded inside the Makkah Masjid during [[Friday prayers]], killing at least thirteen people and injuring dozens more.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6668695.stm|title=Bomb hits historic India mosque|date=18 May 2007|work=BBC News Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/india/28303594_1_huji-mecca-mosque-blast-abhinav-bharat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104205622/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/india/28303594_1_huji-mecca-mosque-blast-abhinav-bharat|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=HuJI ban takes no note of 'terror' role|date=8 August 2010}}</ref>[[File:Mecca Masjid graves.jpg|thumb|Graves of the 2nd to 6th [[Nizam]]s in the Makkah Masjid|alt=<nowiki>In pic: In Green cover is the grave of [[Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI]]</nowiki>]]
The Mecca Masjid blast occurred on 18 May 2007 inside the Mecca Masjid, (or "Makkah Masjid") a mosque located in the old city area of Hyderabad,[2] capital of the Indian state of Telangana located very close to Charminar. The blast was caused by a cellphone-triggered pipe bomb placed near the Wuzukhana, a spot where ablutions are performed. Two more live IEDs were found and defused by the police.[3][4] Sixteen people were reported dead in the immediate aftermath, of whom five were killed by the police firing after the

==Architecture==
The Mecca Masjid is considered to be one of the best architectural works of the Qutb Shahis.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Alfieri|first=Bianca Maria|title=Islamic Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent|last2=Borromeo|first2=Federico|publisher=Lawrence King Publishing|year=2000|isbn=9781856691895|pages=162}}</ref> It is constructed entirely of dressed stone, rather than rubble or plaster. The mosque's prayer hall measures {{Convert|225|ft|m}} by {{Convert|180|ft|m}}, and has a {{Convert|75|ft|m}} high ceiling. The facade of the prayer hall features five open arches, and is flanked by two [[minarets]]. Each minaret is topped by a dome, and adjoined to an arcaded balcony lining either side of the prayer hall.<ref name=":2" />

The ''[[sahn]]'' (courtyard) of the mosque measures 108 square metres.<ref name=":1" /> It contains a sundial, as well as the remains of a ''[[hammam]]''. Two minarets lie on either side of the main entrance to the mosque complex.<ref name=":0" />

Towards the southern end of the mosque lie the marble tombs of the [[Asaf Jahi dynasty|Asaf Jahi rulers]] and family members, save the first ([[Asaf Jah I]]) and the last ([[Asaf Jah VII]]). These are housed in a rectangular, arched, and canopied building, which was added in 1914 during the rule of [[Mir Osman Ali Khan]], the last Asaf Jahi ruler.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.tciconferences.com/html/Full%20Day%20Hyderabad_sarod.htm |title = Welcome to TCI}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> At both ends of this resting place for the Asaf Jahi's are two rectangular blocks with four minarets each. These minarets have elegant and circular balconies with low ornamental walls and arches. Above them is an octagonal inverted platter from which the rest of the minarets soar until arrested by a dome and a spire.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Mecca Masjid, Hyderabad, India}}

{{Hyderabad topics}}
{{Mosques in India}}

[[Category:Mosques in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Qutb Shahi architecture]]
[[Category:Hyderabad State]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1694]]
[[Category:1694 establishments in Asia]]