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	}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CybxK9ANI8C&q=Mahendra+Varma&pg=PA203\|title=Indian kingdoms by royal asiatic society of great britain\|last=Seventeen\|first=Volume\|publisher=Royal asiatic society of great Britain\|year=1885}}</ref> was a [[Pallava]] emperor who ruled the Southern portion of present day [[Andhra Pradesh\|Andhra]] region and Northern regions of what forms present-day [[Tamil Nadu]] in [[India]] in the early 7th century. He was a scholar, painter, architect, musician. He was the son of [[Simhavishnu]], who defeated the [[Kalabhras]] and re-established the Pallava kingdom.		}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CybxK9ANI8C&q=Mahendra+Varma&pg=PA203\|title=Indian kingdoms by royal asiatic society of great britain\|last=Seventeen\|first=Volume\|publisher=Royal asiatic society of great Britain\|year=1885}}</ref> was a [[Pallava]] emperor who ruled the Southern portion of present day [[Andhra Pradesh\|Andhra]] region and Northern regions of what forms present-day [[Tamil Nadu]] in [[India]] in the early 7th century. He was a scholar, painter, architect, musician. He was the son of [[Simhavishnu]], who defeated the [[Kalabhras]] and re-established the Pallava kingdom.

	During his reign, the [[Chalukya]] king [[Pulakeshin II]] attacked the Pallava kingdom. The Pallavas fought a series of wars in the northern [[Vengi]] region, before Mahendravarma decimated his chief enemies at Pullalur (according to Pallava grants at Kuram, Kasakudi and Tadantottam). Although Mahendravarma saved his capital, he lost the northern provinces to Pulakeshin.<ref>KAN Sastri, A History of South India, p136</ref> Tamil literature flourished under his rule, with the rise in popularity of ''[[Tevaram]]'' written by [[Appar]] and [[Sambandhar]]. [[Mahendravarman I]] was the author of the play ''[[Mattavilasa Prahasana]]'' which is a [[sanskrit]] satire and another play called ''Bhagavadajjuka''.		During his reign, the [[Chalukya]] king [[Pulakeshin II]] attacked the Pallava kingdom. The Pallavas fought a series of wars in the northern [[Vengi]] region, before Mahendravarma decimated his chief enemies at Pullalur (according to Pallava grants at Kuram, Kasakudi and Tadantottam). Although Mahendravarma saved his capital, he lost the northern provinces to Pulakeshin.<ref>KAN Sastri, A History of South India, p136</ref> Tamil literature flourished under his rule, with the rise in popularity of ''[[Tevaram]]'' written by [[Appar]] and [[Sambandhar]]. Mahendravarman I was the author of the play ''[[Mattavilasa Prahasana]]'' which is a [[sanskrit]] satire and another play called ''Bhagavadajjuka''.

	Mahendravarma was succeeded to the throne by his more famous son [[Narasimhavarman I]] in 630 CE.<ref name="histoworldwhitney" />		Mahendravarma was succeeded to the throne by his more famous son [[Narasimhavarman I]] in 630 CE.<ref name="histoworldwhitney" />

2409:4072:6408:222D:0:0:BD5:90B1 at 05:10, 31 August 2021

2021-08-31T05:10:07Z

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{{Other people|Mahendravarman|Mahendravarman (disambiguation){{!}}Mahendravarman}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| image = Mamallapuram Five Rathas.jpg
| alt = Mahendrravarman I
| caption = The rock-cut temples at [[Mahabalipuram]]. Construction of these started in the reign of Mahendravarma I<ref name="sen">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |page=41}}</ref>
| succession = [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava Emperor]]
| reign = 590–630 CE
| predecessor = [[Simhavishnu]]
| successor = [[Narasimhavarman I]]
| issue = [[Narasimhavarman I]]
| house = [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]]
| father = [[Simhavishnu]]
}}
{{Pallava}}
'''Mahendravarman I''' (600–630 CE)<ref name="histoworldwhitney">{{cite book |editor1-first=John Whitney |editor1-last=Hall |others=John Grayson Kirk
|title=History of the World: Earliest Times to the Present Day
|year=2005 |orig-year=1988 |publisher=World Publications Group
|location=455 Somerset Avenue, North Dighton, MA 02764, USA
|isbn=1-57215-421-7 |page=246 |chapter=India
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CybxK9ANI8C&q=Mahendra+Varma&pg=PA203|title=Indian kingdoms by royal asiatic society of great britain|last=Seventeen|first=Volume|publisher=Royal asiatic society of great Britain|year=1885}}</ref> was a [[Pallava]] emperor who ruled the Southern portion of present day [[Andhra Pradesh|Andhra]] region and Northern regions of what forms present-day [[Tamil Nadu]] in [[India]] in the early 7th century. He was a scholar, painter, architect, musician. He was the son of [[Simhavishnu]], who defeated the [[Kalabhras]] and re-established the Pallava kingdom.

During his reign, the [[Chalukya]] king [[Pulakeshin II]] attacked the Pallava kingdom. The Pallavas fought a series of wars in the northern [[Vengi]] region, before Mahendravarma decimated his chief enemies at Pullalur (according to Pallava grants at Kuram, Kasakudi and Tadantottam). Although Mahendravarma saved his capital, he lost the northern provinces to Pulakeshin.<ref>KAN Sastri, A History of South India, p136</ref> Tamil literature flourished under his rule, with the rise in popularity of ''[[Tevaram]]'' written by [[Appar]] and [[Sambandhar]]. [[Mahendravarman I]] was the author of the play ''[[Mattavilasa Prahasana]]'' which is a [[sanskrit]] satire and another play called ''Bhagavadajjuka''.

Mahendravarma was succeeded to the throne by his more famous son [[Narasimhavarman I]] in 630 CE.<ref name="histoworldwhitney" />
who defeated [[Pulakeshin II]] of [[Chalukya]] dynasty and ransacked the Chalukyan capital city of [[Vatapi]] (also known as [[Badami]]).

==Patronage of arts and architecture==
Mahendravarman was a great patron of letters and architecture. He constructed the [[Mahabalipuram Lighthouse]] and Kanchi University where Vedas, Buddhism, Jainism, Painting, Music & Dance were taught. He was the pioneer of the Rock-cut Architecture amongst the Pallavas.<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/217 217]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> The inscription at the rock-cut [[Mandagapattu Tirumurti Temple]] hails him as Vichitrachitta and claims that the temple was built without wood, brick, mortar or metal. The five-celled cave temple at [[Pallavaram]] was also built during his reign as was the [[Kokarneswarar Temple, Thirukokarnam]] of Pudukottai, Tamil Nadu.<ref>KAN Sastri, A History of South India, p412</ref>He made Kudimiya malai Inscription. His paintings are found in [[Sittanavasal Cave]] (Tamil Nadu).

Fine examples of his rock-cut temples can be witnessed at [[Mahabalipuram]], (Satyagirinathar and Satyagirishwarar twin temples), [[Siyamangalam]] (the Siva temple Avanibhajana Pallaveswaram) in North Arcot district and the upper rock-cut temple at [[Trichy]]. Apart from the Siva temples, Mahendravarma also excavated a few Vishnu cave temples, the Mahendravishnugrha at [[Mahendravadi]], and [[Senji Singavaram Ranganatha Temple|the Ranganatha Temple at Singavaram]] in present-day [[Gingee]] (then North Arcot district).<ref>KAN Sastri, A History of South India, p413</ref>

He was also the author of the play ''[[Mattavilasa Prahasana]]'', a farce concerning [[Buddhist]] and [[Saivite|Saiva]] ascetics. He is also claimed to be the author of another play called ''Bhagavadajjuka'',. This is evident by the inscriptions found at [[Mamandur]] cave shrines (near Kanchipuram - this place is mentioned as Dusi Mamandur to avoid confusions with other places by the same name). However, there is an alternate view that attributes this play to Bodhayana.<ref>KAN Sastri, A History of South India, p313</ref>

==Religion==
Mahendrravarma was initially a patron of the [[Jainism]],<ref>{{citation |title=Jainism - Its relevance to psychiatric practice; with special reference to the practice of Sallekhana |pmc=5270277 | pmid=28197009 | doi=10.4103/0019-5545.196702 |volume=58 |issue=4 |year=2016 |journal=Indian J Psychiatry |pages=471–474 | last1 = Somasundaram | first1 = O | last2 = Tejus Murthy | first2 = AG | last3 = Raghavan | first3 = DV}}</ref> but he converted into the [[Shaivism|Saiva]] faith under the influence of the Saiva saint [[Appar]]. According to Dhivyacharitam a Sanskrit work on life of Alwars written in 12th century, Yatotkara perumal (mahavishnu), enshrined in Kancheepuram left the city along with his great devotee [[Thirumalisai Alvar]], because the [[Alvars|Vaishnava Alwar]] faced tough persecution and exilement from the king who had at least temporarily come under the influence of [[Jainism]].<ref>KAN Sastri, ''A History of South India'', p 382–383</ref><ref>Stein, p 122</ref>

==In literature and popular culture==
Mahendravarman I is a prominent characters in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[historical fiction]] novel ''[[Sivagamiyin Sapatham]]'' by [[Kalki Krishnamurthy]], that talks about the first Vatapi invasion into the Pallava Kingdom, Mahendravarman's heroic deeds in the war and securing the Kanchi fort from the imminent invasion of the huge Vatapi army, his loss to the Vatapi Pulikesi and eventual death.

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite book | first= Durga | last= Prasad | year=1988 | title= History of the Andhras up to 1565 A. D.| publisher= P. G. Publishers | location= Guntur, India}}
* {{cite book | first= K A N | last= Sastri | year=2008 | title= A History of South India| edition= 4th| publisher= Oxford University Press | location= New Delhi, India}}
* {{cite book |first = Burton| last= Stein| year= 1998 |title=A history of India |publisher=Blackwell Publishers |location=Cambridge, MA |isbn= 0-631-20546-2}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|[[Pallava dynasty]]}}
{{S-bef| before=[[Simhavishnu]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Pallava dynasty]] | years=600–630}}
{{S-aft| after=[[Narasimhavarman I]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahendravarma 01}}
[[Category:7th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Pallava kings]]
[[Category:Ancient Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:7th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Tamil Nadu]]

Mahendravarman I - Revision history

Xannat: basic fix layout and improved wording

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2409:4072:6408:222D:0:0:BD5:90B1 at 05:10, 31 August 2021