Mahadev Govind Ranade - Revision history

Mohammad.Fahim: refine lead and added references

2026-03-13T09:32:25Z

refine lead and added references

->Thenexttalk at 08:06, 8 January 2022

2022-01-08T08:06:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:36, 8 January 2022
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2019}}
	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\| name = Mahadev Govind Ranade		\| name =Mahadev Govind Ranade
	\| image = Mahadev Govind Ranade.jpg		\| image = Mahadev Govind Ranade.jpg
	\| image_size = 220px		\| image_size = 220px
	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| birth_date = {{birth-date\|18 January 1842}}		\| birth_date = {{birth-date\|18 January 1842}}
	\| birth_place = [[~~Nashik district~~]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[~~British~~ India]]		\| birth_place = [[Niphad ]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[Company Raj]]<br/>(Now in [[Nashik District]], [[Maharashtra\|Maharashtra, India]])
	\| death_date = {{death-date and age\|16 January 1901\|18 January 1842}}		\| death_date = {{death-date and age\|16 January 1901\|18 January 1842}}
	\| death_place = Bombay Presidency, India		\| death_place = [[Pune]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]<br/>(Now in [[Maharashtra\|Maharashtra, India]])
	\| occupation = Scholar, social reformer, author		\| occupation = Scholar, social reformer, author
	\| citizenship = [[British Raj]]		\| citizenship = [[British Raj]]
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	\| spouse = [[Ramabai Ranade]]		\| spouse = [[Ramabai Ranade]]
	}}		}}
	[[Rao Bahadur~~\|R.B.~~]] ~~'''~~Mahadev Govind Ranade''' (18 January 1842 – 16 January 1901), popularly referred to as '''Justice Ranade''', was an ~~[[India]]n~~ scholar, social reformer, judge and author. He was one of the founding members of the [[Indian National Congress]] party<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911 \|wstitle=Ranade, Mahadeo Govind \|volume=22 \|page=884}}</ref><ref name="biogovind">{{cite web \|title= Mahadev Govinde Ranade \|url=http://www.rrtd.nic.in/biogovind.html \|access-date=2015-08-22}}</ref> and owned several designations as member of the Bombay legislative council, member of the finance committee<ref name=EB1911/> at the centre, and judge of the [[Bombay High Court]], Maharashtra.<ref>"Encyclopaedia Eminent Thinkers (Vol. 22 : The Political Thought of Mahadev Govind Ranade)", p. 19</ref>		'''[[Rao Bahadur]] Mahadev Govind Ranade''' (18 January 1842 – 16 January 1901), popularly referred to as '''Justice Ranade''', was an Indian scholar, social reformer, judge and author. He was one of the founding members of the [[Indian National Congress]] party<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911 \|wstitle=Ranade, Mahadeo Govind \|volume=22 \|page=884}}</ref><ref name="biogovind">{{cite web \|title= Mahadev Govinde Ranade \|url=http://www.rrtd.nic.in/biogovind.html \|access-date=2015-08-22}}</ref> and owned several designations as member of the Bombay legislative council, member of the finance committee<ref name=EB1911/> at the centre, and judge of the [[Bombay High Court]], Maharashtra.<ref>"Encyclopaedia Eminent Thinkers (Vol. 22 : The Political Thought of Mahadev Govind Ranade)", p. 19</ref>

	As a well known public figure, his personality as a calm and patient optimist influenced his attitude towards dealings with Britain as well as reform in India. During his life he helped to establish the [[Vaktruttvottejak Sabha]], the ''[[Poona Sarvajanik Sabha]]'', Maharashtra Granthottejak Sabha, and the ''[[Prarthana Samaj]]'', and edited a [[Bombay]] Anglo-Marathi daily paper, the ''[[Induprakash]]'', founded on his ideology of social and religious reform.		As a well known public figure, his personality as a calm and patient optimist influenced his attitude towards dealings with Britain as well as reform in India. During his life he helped to establish the [[Vaktruttvottejak Sabha]], the ''[[Poona Sarvajanik Sabha]]'', Maharashtra Granthottejak Sabha, and the ''[[Prarthana Samaj]]'', and edited a [[Bombay]] Anglo-Marathi daily paper, the ''[[Induprakash]]'', founded on his ideology of social and religious reform.
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	In any case, the wedding was held in full compliance with tradition and the marriage was certainly a happy one. Ramabai was a daughter of the Kurlekar family, which belonged to the same caste and social strata as Ranade.<ref>Mukherjee, M., 1993. Story, history and her story. Studies in History, 9(1), pp.71-85.</ref> The couple had an entirely harmonious and conventional marriage. Ranade ensured that his wife receive a high education, something about which she herself was initially not keen. However, like all Indian women of that era, she complied with her husband's wishes and grew into her new life. Indeed, after Ranade's death, Ramabai Ranade continued the social and educational reform work initiated by him.		In any case, the wedding was held in full compliance with tradition and the marriage was certainly a happy one. Ramabai was a daughter of the Kurlekar family, which belonged to the same caste and social strata as Ranade.<ref>Mukherjee, M., 1993. Story, history and her story. Studies in History, 9(1), pp.71-85.</ref> The couple had an entirely harmonious and conventional marriage. Ranade ensured that his wife receive a high education, something about which she herself was initially not keen. However, like all Indian women of that era, she complied with her husband's wishes and grew into her new life. Indeed, after Ranade's death, Ramabai Ranade continued the social and educational reform work initiated by him.

	==Published ~~Works~~==		==Published works==
	* {{cite book \|author=Ranade, Mahadev Govind \|title=Rise of the Maráthá Power \|year=1900 \|ol=24128770M \|publisher=Punalekar & Co. \|location=Bombay \|url=https://archive.org/details/risemarathapowe00bahagoog/page/n6}}; reprinted in 1999 as {{ISBN\|81-7117-181-8}}		* {{cite book \|author=Ranade, Mahadev Govind \|title=Rise of the Maráthá Power \|year=1900 \|ol=24128770M \|publisher=Punalekar & Co. \|location=Bombay \|url=https://archive.org/details/risemarathapowe00bahagoog/page/n6}}; reprinted in 1999 as {{ISBN\|81-7117-181-8}}
	* {{cite book \|author=Ranade, Mahadev Govind \|editor=Bipan Chandra \|editor-link=Bipan Chandra \|title=Ranade's Economic Writings \|location=New Delhi \|publisher=Gyan Books Pvt. Ltd. \|year=1990 \|isbn=81-212-0328-7 \|ol=364195W}}.		* {{cite book \|author=Ranade, Mahadev Govind \|editor=Bipan Chandra \|editor-link=Bipan Chandra \|title=Ranade's Economic Writings \|location=New Delhi \|publisher=Gyan Books Pvt. Ltd. \|year=1990 \|isbn=81-212-0328-7 \|ol=364195W}}.
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	==In popular culture==		==In popular culture==
	A television series on [[Zee Marathi]] named ''[[Unch Maaza Zoka]]'' (roughly translated as 'I have leapt high in Life') based on Ramabai's and Mahadevrao's life and their development as a 'women's rights' activist was broadcast in March 2012. It was based on a book by Ramabai Ranade titled ''Amachyaa Aayushyaatil Kaahi Aathavani''. In the book, Justice Ranade is called "Madhav" rather than Mahadev{{#tag:ref\| He himself is quoted as saying that "I am Vishnu (Madhav) and not Shiva (Mahadev)" (see pages 12, 121). This anomaly was discovered by Ms. Vibhuti V. Dave, while translating the book into Gujarati, under the title ''Amaaraa naa Sambhaaranaa''<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Dave\|first1=Vibhuti\|title=Amaaraa Sahajivan naa Sambhaaranaa\|date=6 December 2014\|publisher=Self\|location=Vadodara, Gujarat, India\|pages=12, 121}}</ref>"\|group=note}}.		A television series on [[Zee Marathi]] named ''[[Unch Maaza Zoka]]'' (roughly translated as 'I have leapt high in Life') based on Ramabai's and Mahadevrao's life and their development as a 'women's rights' activist was broadcast in March 2012. It was based on a book by Ramabai Ranade titled ''Amachyaa Aayushyaatil Kaahi Aathavani''. In the book, Justice Ranade is called "Madhav" rather than Mahadev. The series had actors Vikram Gaikwad as Mahadev Govind Ranade and [[Spruha Joshi]] as [[Ramabai Ranade]].{{#tag:ref\| He himself is quoted as saying that "I am Vishnu (Madhav) and not Shiva (Mahadev)" (see pages 12, 121). This anomaly was discovered by Ms. Vibhuti V. Dave, while translating the book into Gujarati, under the title ''Amaaraa naa Sambhaaranaa''<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Dave\|first1=Vibhuti\|title=Amaaraa Sahajivan naa Sambhaaranaa\|date=6 December 2014\|publisher=Self\|location=Vadodara, Gujarat, India\|pages=12, 121}}</ref>"\|group=note}}.

	==See also==		==See also==

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Personal life

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	==Personal life==		==Personal life==
	Ranade was already into his 30s when his first wife died. His family wanted him to marry again, especially since he had no children. His reform-minded friends expected that Ranade, who had co-founded the 'Widow Marriage Association' as far back as 1861, would certainly act in accordance with his own sermons and marry a widow. This did not happen. Ranade yielded to his family's wishes and ~~confirmed~~ with convention to marry [[Ramabai Ranade\|Ramabai]], a girl who was barely, ten years old and who was fully twenty-one years younger than him. Indeed, Ramabai was born in 1863, while Ranade had founded his 'Widow Marriage Association' in 1861. Ranade did what he did because he knew the realities of his society: he knew that if he married an already married woman, any children born to her would be treated like illegitimate outcasts by his society. The really poignant thing about the whole affair is that, after facing so much ridicule and so many accusations of hypocrisy, Ranade was not fated to receive the blessing he craved so ardently: his second marriage also remained childless.		Ranade was already into his 30s when his first wife died. His family wanted him to marry again, especially since he had no children. His reform-minded friends expected that Ranade, who had co-founded the 'Widow Marriage Association' as far back as 1861, would certainly act in accordance with his own sermons and marry a widow. This did not happen. Ranade yielded to his family's wishes and conformed with convention to marry [[Ramabai Ranade\|Ramabai]], a girl who was barely, ten years old and who was fully twenty-one years younger than him. Indeed, Ramabai was born in 1863, while Ranade had founded his 'Widow Marriage Association' in 1861. Ranade did what he did because he knew the realities of his society: he knew that if he married an already married woman, any children born to her would be treated like illegitimate outcasts by his society. The really poignant thing about the whole affair is that, after facing so much ridicule and so many accusations of hypocrisy, Ranade was not fated to receive the blessing he craved so ardently: his second marriage also remained childless.

	In any case, the wedding was held in full compliance with tradition and the marriage was certainly a happy one. Ramabai was a daughter of the Kurlekar family, which belonged to the same caste and social strata as Ranade.<ref>Mukherjee, M., 1993. Story, history and her story. Studies in History, 9(1), pp.71-85.</ref> The couple had an entirely harmonious and conventional marriage. Ranade ensured that his wife receive a high education, something about which she herself was initially not keen. However, like all Indian women of that era, she complied with her husband's wishes and grew into her new life. Indeed, after Ranade's death, Ramabai Ranade continued the social and educational reform work initiated by him.		In any case, the wedding was held in full compliance with tradition and the marriage was certainly a happy one. Ramabai was a daughter of the Kurlekar family, which belonged to the same caste and social strata as Ranade.<ref>Mukherjee, M., 1993. Story, history and her story. Studies in History, 9(1), pp.71-85.</ref> The couple had an entirely harmonious and conventional marriage. Ranade ensured that his wife receive a high education, something about which she herself was initially not keen. However, like all Indian women of that era, she complied with her husband's wishes and grew into her new life. Indeed, after Ranade's death, Ramabai Ranade continued the social and educational reform work initiated by him.

Pradip89: Created page with "{{Short description|Indian scholar, social reformer, judge and author}} {{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}} {{Infobox person | name..."

2021-08-05T15:02:51Z

Created page with "{{Short description|Indian scholar, social reformer, judge and author}} {{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}} {{Infobox person | name..."

New page

{{Short description|Indian scholar, social reformer, judge and author}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mahadev Govind Ranade
| image = Mahadev Govind Ranade.jpg
| image_size = 220px
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth-date|18 January 1842}}
| birth_place = [[Nashik district]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death-date and age|16 January 1901|18 January 1842}}
| death_place = Bombay Presidency, India
| occupation = Scholar, social reformer, author
| citizenship = [[British Raj]]
| known_for = Co-founder of [[Indian National Congress]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Bombay]]
| spouse = [[Ramabai Ranade]]
}}
[[Rao Bahadur|R.B.]] '''Mahadev Govind Ranade''' (18 January 1842 – 16 January 1901), popularly referred to as '''Justice Ranade''', was an [[India]]n scholar, social reformer, judge and author. He was one of the founding members of the [[Indian National Congress]] party<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Ranade, Mahadeo Govind |volume=22 |page=884}}</ref><ref name="biogovind">{{cite web |title= Mahadev Govinde Ranade |url=http://www.rrtd.nic.in/biogovind.html |access-date=2015-08-22}}</ref> and owned several designations as member of the Bombay legislative council, member of the finance committee<ref name=EB1911/> at the centre, and judge of the [[Bombay High Court]], Maharashtra.<ref>"Encyclopaedia Eminent Thinkers (Vol. 22 : The Political Thought of Mahadev Govind Ranade)", p. 19</ref>

As a well known public figure, his personality as a calm and patient optimist influenced his attitude towards dealings with Britain as well as reform in India. During his life he helped to establish the [[Vaktruttvottejak Sabha]], the ''[[Poona Sarvajanik Sabha]]'', Maharashtra Granthottejak Sabha, and the ''[[Prarthana Samaj]]'', and edited a [[Bombay]] Anglo-Marathi daily paper, the ''[[Induprakash]]'', founded on his ideology of social and religious reform.

He was given the title of [[Rao Bahadur]].<ref name="Ranade1992">{{cite book|author=Mahadev Govind Ranade (Rao Bahadur)|title=The Miscellaneous Writings of the Late Hon'ble Mr. Justice M.G. Ranade|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q55IAAAAYAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi}}</ref>

==Early life and family==
[[File:Ranade Statue.jpg|thumb|Statue of Justice Ranade in [[Mumbai]]]]
Mahadev Govind Ranade was born into a [[Chitpavan|Chitpavan Brahmin]] family in [[Niphad]], a [[taluk]]a town in [[Nashik district]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wolpert|first1=Stanley A.|title=Tilak and Gokhale: Revolution and Reform in the Making of Modern India By|date=April 1991|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0195623925|page=302}}</ref> He studied in a Marathi school in Kolhapur and later shifted to an English-medium school. At age 14, he went to study at [[Elphinstone College]], Bombay.<ref name="Bharathi1998">{{cite book|author=K. S. Bharathi|title=Encyclopaedia of Eminent Thinkers: The political thought of Mahadev Govind Ranade|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xkaM5HBfiN8C&pg=PA18|year=1998|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-8069-582-7|pages=18–}}</ref> He belonged to the first batch of students at the [[University of Bombay]]. He obtained a BA degree in 1862 and four years later, obtained his LLB.

==Career==
===Judge===
After getting his law degree ([[LLB]]) in 1866, Ranade became a subordinate judge in Pune in 1871. Given his political activities, the British colonial authorities delayed his promotion to the Bombay high court until 1895.<ref name="Wolpert1962">{{cite book|author=Stanley A. Wolpert|title=Tilak and Gokhale: Revolution and Reform in the Making of Modern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=De_ftH3bm-MC&pg=PA1|year=1962|publisher=University of California Press|page=12|id=GGKEY:49PR049CPBX}}</ref>

===Social activism===
Ranade was a social activist whose activities were deeply influenced by western culture and the colonial state. His activities ranged from religious reform to public education to reform within the Indian family, and in every area, he was prone to see little virtue in Indian custom and tradition and to strive for re-forming the subject into the mould of what prevailed in the west. He himself summarized the mission of the Indian Social Reform Movement as being to "Humanize, Equalize and Spiritualize," the implication being that existing Indian society lacked these qualities.<ref name="Singh2015">{{cite book|author=Hulas Singh|title=Rise of Reason: Intellectual history of 19th-century Maharashtra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jnbCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA303|date=25 September 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-39874-5|pages=303–}}</ref>

====Prarthana Samaj====
His efforts to "Spiritualize" Indian society flowed from his reading that the Hindu religion laid too much stress on rituals and on the performance of family and social duties, rather than on what he called 'Spiritualism.' He viewed the reformed Christian religion of the British as being more focused on the spiritual. Towards making the Hindu religion more akin to the reformed Protestant church, he co-founded and championed the activities of the [[Prarthana Samaj]], a religious society which, while upholding the devotional aspect of Hinduism, denounced and decried many important Hindu social structures and customs, including the Brahmin clergy.

====Female Emancipation====
His efforts to "Humanize and Equalize" Indian society found its primary focus in women. He campaigned against the 'purdah' system (keeping women behind the veil).He was a founder of the Social Conference movement, which he supported till his death,<ref name=EB1911/> directing his social reform efforts against child marriage, the [[tonsure]] of Brahmin widows, the heavy cost of weddings and other social functions, and the caste restrictions on traveling abroad, and he strenuously advocated widow remarriage and female education.<ref name=EB1911/> In 1861, when he was still a teenager, Ranade co-founded the 'Widow Marriage Association' which promoted marriage for Hindu widows and acted as native compradors for the colonial government's project of passing a law permitting such marriages, which were forbidden in Hinduism.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astrojyoti.com/modern-history-84.htm |title=THE GROWTH OF NEW INDIA, 1858-1905 |publisher=Astrojyoti.com |date=2012-05-17 |access-date=2012-07-07}}</ref>
He chose to take ''[[Prāyaścitta|prayaschitta]]'' (religious penance) in the Panch-houd Mission Case rather than insisting on his opinions.<ref>{{cite book |title=Mahadev Govind Ranade |last=Bakshi |first=SR |isbn=978-81-7041-605-0 |year=1993 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LCd-G1PiZBEC&q=tea&pg=PA42 |page=42}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Loss of Caste |url=http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ/2008-11/1226621601 |access-date=2015-08-22}} He and a few other notables including [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]] attended a meeting with the missionaries of the Panch Houd Mission, which still exists in [[Pune]]. Tea was offered to them. Some of them drank it and others did not. Poona in those days - late 19th century - was a very orthodox place and the bastion of Brahminism. Gopalrao Joshi made the affair public and all offenders were ordered to undergo prayashchitta for their offense of drinking the tea of Christian missionaries.</ref>

====Girls' education====
In 1885 Ranade, Vaman Abaji Modak, and historian Dr. [[R. G. Bhandarkar]] established the Maharashtra Girls Education Society and [[Huzurpaga]], the oldest girls' high school in [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bhattacharya|first1=edited by Sabyasachi|title=Education and the disprivileged : nineteenth and twentieth century India.|date=2002|publisher=Orient Longman|location=Hyderabad|isbn=978-8125021926|pages=239|edition=1. publ.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f-jBIp3iWdEC&q=tilak+swaraj&pg=PR7|access-date=12 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Huzurpaga|url=http://www.huzurpaga.com/about-us.php|website=Huzurpaga}}</ref><ref>Ghurye, G. S. (1954). Social Change in Maharashtra, II. Sociological Bulletin, page 51.</ref>

===Politics===

==Personal life==
Ranade was already into his 30s when his first wife died. His family wanted him to marry again, especially since he had no children. His reform-minded friends expected that Ranade, who had co-founded the 'Widow Marriage Association' as far back as 1861, would certainly act in accordance with his own sermons and marry a widow. This did not happen. Ranade yielded to his family's wishes and confirmed with convention to marry [[Ramabai Ranade|Ramabai]], a girl who was barely, ten years old and who was fully twenty-one years younger than him. Indeed, Ramabai was born in 1863, while Ranade had founded his 'Widow Marriage Association' in 1861. Ranade did what he did because he knew the realities of his society: he knew that if he married an already married woman, any children born to her would be treated like illegitimate outcasts by his society. The really poignant thing about the whole affair is that, after facing so much ridicule and so many accusations of hypocrisy, Ranade was not fated to receive the blessing he craved so ardently: his second marriage also remained childless.

In any case, the wedding was held in full compliance with tradition and the marriage was certainly a happy one. Ramabai was a daughter of the Kurlekar family, which belonged to the same caste and social strata as Ranade.<ref>Mukherjee, M., 1993. Story, history and her story. Studies in History, 9(1), pp.71-85.</ref> The couple had an entirely harmonious and conventional marriage. Ranade ensured that his wife receive a high education, something about which she herself was initially not keen. However, like all Indian women of that era, she complied with her husband's wishes and grew into her new life. Indeed, after Ranade's death, Ramabai Ranade continued the social and educational reform work initiated by him.

==Published Works==
* {{cite book |author=Ranade, Mahadev Govind |title=Rise of the Maráthá Power |year=1900 |ol=24128770M |publisher=Punalekar & Co. |location=Bombay |url=https://archive.org/details/risemarathapowe00bahagoog/page/n6}}; reprinted in 1999 as {{ISBN|81-7117-181-8}}
* {{cite book |author=Ranade, Mahadev Govind |editor=Bipan Chandra |editor-link=Bipan Chandra |title=Ranade's Economic Writings |location=New Delhi |publisher=Gyan Books Pvt. Ltd. |year=1990 |isbn=81-212-0328-7 |ol=364195W}}.
* {{cite book |last=Ranade |first=Mahadev Govind |title=Essays on Indian Economics |year=1899 |ol=11994445W |publisher=Thacker & Company |location=Bombay }}
* {{Cite book |title=Introduction to the Peishwa's Diaries: A Paper Read Before the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society |last=Ranade |first=Mahadev Govind |publisher=the Civil Military Orphanage Press |location=Poona |year=1900 |ol=14015196M |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontope00ranarich/page/n3}}; reprinted by CHIZINE PUBN as {{isbn|9781340345037}}

==In popular culture==
A television series on [[Zee Marathi]] named ''[[Unch Maaza Zoka]]'' (roughly translated as 'I have leapt high in Life') based on Ramabai's and Mahadevrao's life and their development as a 'women's rights' activist was broadcast in March 2012. It was based on a book by Ramabai Ranade titled ''Amachyaa Aayushyaatil Kaahi Aathavani''. In the book, Justice Ranade is called "Madhav" rather than Mahadev{{#tag:ref| He himself is quoted as saying that "I am Vishnu (Madhav) and not Shiva (Mahadev)" (see pages 12, 121). This anomaly was discovered by Ms. Vibhuti V. Dave, while translating the book into Gujarati, under the title ''Amaaraa naa Sambhaaranaa''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dave|first1=Vibhuti|title=Amaaraa Sahajivan naa Sambhaaranaa|date=6 December 2014|publisher=Self|location=Vadodara, Gujarat, India|pages=12, 121}}</ref>"|group=note}}.

==See also==

* [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]
* [[List of Indian independence activists]]

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Brown, D. Mackenzie. ''Indian Political Thought: From Ranade to Bhave''. (Berkeley: University of California, 1961).
*Mansingh, Surjit. ''Historical Dictionary of India''. vol. 20, Asian Historical Dictionaries. s.v. "Shivaji". (London: Scarecrow Press, 1996).
* Masselos, Jim. ''Indian Nationalism: A History''. (New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1985).
* Wolpert, Stanley. ''India''. (Berkeley: University of California, 1991). 57.
* Wolpert, Stanley. ''Tilak and Gokhale: Revolutions and Reform in the Making of Modern India''. (Berkeley: University of California, 1962). 12.

{{Wikiquote}}
{{Commons category}}
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{{Indian Independence Movement}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ranade, Mahadev Govind}}
[[Category:1842 births]]
[[Category:1901 deaths]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Brahmin Indian independence activists]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:People from Nashik district]]
[[Category:Judges of the Bombay High Court]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Elphinstone College alumni]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:English-language writers from India]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:Writers from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Members of the Bombay Legislative Council]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian historians]]
[[Category:Prarthana Samaj]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan]]
[[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]]
[[Category:People from Maharashtra]]