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{{Short description|Indian composer and singer}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Madan Mohan
| image = Composer Madan Mohan 2013 stamp of India.jpg
| caption = Mohan on a 2013 stamp of India.jpg
| birth_name = Madan Mohan Kohli
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1924|6|25}}
| birth_place = [[Baghdad]], [[British Iraq]]
| height =
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1975|7|14|1924|6|25}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| yearsactive = 1950–1975
| occupation = Music director , singer
| website = {{url|madanmohan.in}}
| awards = 1971: [[National Film Award for Best Music Direction]] – ''[[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]]''
| nationality = Indian
| children = Sanjeev Kohli
}}

'''Madan Mohan Kohli''' (25 June 1924 – 14 July 1975), better known as '''Madan Mohan''', was a popular and unparalleled Indian music director of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. He is considered one of the most melodious and skilled music directors of the [[Hindi film industry]].<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/2001/07/20/stories/09200707.htm The king of melody]{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. ''The Hindu'' (20 July 2001). Retrieved 9 November 2018.</ref> He is particularly remembered for the immortal [[ghazal]]s he composed for Hindi films. Some of his best works are with singers [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Mohammed Rafi]] and [[Talat Mahmood]].<ref name=TFT>{{cite news|url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/the-punjabi-contribution-to-cinema-xii/ |author=Ishtiaq Ahmed|date=16 September 2016|title=The Punjabi contribution to cinema - XII |newspaper=The Friday Times (newspaper)|access-date=13 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="dnaindia1">Arunachalam, Param (21 June 2015)
[http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-bollywood-retrospect-the-musical-legacy-of-composer-madan-mohan-in-5-songs-2097381 Bollywood Retrospect: The musical legacy of composer Madan Mohan in 5 songs]. ''DNA India''. Retrieved 9 November 2018.</ref>

==Early years==
Born on 25 June 1924, at [[Baghdad]] where his father Rai Bahadur Chunilal Kohli was working as an [[Accountant General]] with the Iraqi Police forces, Madan Mohan spent the early years of his life in the Middle East.<ref name="Manek">{{cite book|author=Manek Premchand|title=Yesterday’s Melodies Today’s Memories|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJCBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT251|date=27 December 2018|publisher=Notion Press|isbn=978-1-64429-877-0|pages=251–}}</ref> After 1932, his family returned to their home town of [[Chakwal]], then in [[Jhelum district]] of [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], British India.<ref>[https://www.madanmohan.in/html/the_legend/his_journey/his_journey.html His Journey]. ''madamohan.in''.</ref> He was left in the care of a grandparent while his father went to [[Mumbai|Bombay]] to seek business opportunities. He attended local school in [[Lahore]] for the next few years. During his stay at Lahore, he learnt the basics of classical music from one Kartar Singh for a very short period, however he never received any formal training in music.<ref>[https://www.madanmohan.in/html/the_legend/snapshot/snapshot.html Snapshot]. ''madanmohan.in''.</ref> Some time later, his family moved to [[Mumbai]] where he completed his Senior Cambridge from [[St. Mary's School, Mumbai|St. Mary's School]] in [[Byculla]] [[Mumbai]]. In Mumbai, at the age of 11 years, he started performing in children's programmes broadcast by [[All India Radio]]. At age 17, he attended the [[Colonel Brown Cambridge School]] in [[Dehradun]] where he completed a year's training.<ref name="dnaindia1"/><ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-book-extract-mohammed-rafi-golden-voice-of-the-silver-screen-2161626 Book extract: Mohammed Rafi – Golden Voice of the Silver Screen]. ''DNA India'' (3 January 2016). Retrieved 9 November 2018.</ref>

==Career==
===Early career===
He joined the Army as a Second Lieutenant in the year 1943. He served there for two years until end of [[World War II]], when he left the Army and returned to [[Mumbai]] to pursue his musical interests. In 1946, he joined the [[All India Radio]], [[Lucknow]] as Programme Assistant, where he came in contact with various artists such as [[Ustad Faiyaz Khan]], [[Ustad Ali Akbar Khan]], [[Begum Akhtar]], and [[Talat Mahmood]]. During these days he would also compose music for programmes to be broadcast on [[All India Radio]]. In 1947, he was transferred to [[All India Radio]], Delhi where he worked for a short period. He was very fond of singing, and so in 1947 he got his first chance to record two [[ghazals]] penned by Behzad Lucknawi, ''Aane Laga Hai Koi Nazar Jalwa Gar Mujhe'' and ''Is Raaz Ko Duniya Jaanti Hai''. Soon after, in 1948 he recorded two more private [[ghazals]] penned by Deewan Sharar, ''Wo Aaye To Mahfil Mein Ithlaate Huye Aaye'' and ''Duniya Mujhe Kahti Hai Ke Main Tujhko Bhoolaa Doon''. In 1948, he got his first opportunity to sing a film duet ''Pinjare Mein Bulbul Bole'' and ''Mera Chhotasa Dil Dole'' with [[Lata Mangeshkar]] under composer [[Ghulam Haider (composer)]] for the film [[Shaheed (1948 film)|Shaheed]], though these songs were never released or used in the film. Between 1946 and 1948, he assisted music composers [[S.D. Burman]] for [[Do Bhai]], and Shyam Sundar in Actress.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/late-mohammed-rafi-was-a-music-directors-delight-says-author-sujata-dev/photostory/49163718.cms Late Mohammed Rafi was a music director's delight, says author Sujata Dev]. ''The Times of India''. 30 September 2015.</ref>

===Music director===
He scored his first big break with the film [[Aankhen (1950 film)|''Aankhen'']] in 1950, which marked the beginning of a long lasting collaboration with [[Mohammed Rafi]], his next film was ''Adaa'' which saw the beginning of a long lasting collaboration with [[Lata Mangeshkar]]; both would go on to sing for many of his films. Two of his composed songs for ''[[Sharabi (1964 film)|Sharabi]]'' - "Sawan ke maheeney mein" and "Kabhi na Kabhi koi na koi toh aayega", both filmed for [[Dev Anand]] are among the most well known renditions of Mohammed Rafi. In addition, his other compositions like "Wo Chup Rahen To" from the film ''[[Jahan Ara (film)|Jahan Ara]]'' (1964) and "Maine Rang Li Aaj Chunariya" from ''[[Dulhan Ek Raat Ki]]'' (1966) are two similar examples. Madan was also able to write songs for male singers such as [[Talat Mahmood]] (''Phir wahi Shaam, wahi gham, wahi tanhaayee hai'', ''Main Teri Nazar Ka Suroor Hoon'' and ''Teri Aankh Ke Aansoo'' from ''Jahan Ara'', and ''Meri Yaad Mein Tum Na'' from ''[[Madhosh (1951 film)|Madhosh]]'') and Mohammed Rafi (''Ek Haseen Shaam Ko'' from ''Dulhan Ek Raat Ki'', ''Kisi Ki Yaad Mein'' from ''Jahan Ara'', ''Main Nigahen Tere Chehere Se'' from ''[[Aap Ki Parchhaiyan|Aap Ki Parchaiyian]]'', ''Aap Ke Pehlun Mein Aakar Ro Diye'' from ''[[Mera Saaya]]'', ''Ye Duniya Ye Mehfil Mere Kaam Ki Nahin'' from ''[[Heer Ranjha]]'', ''Tere Dar Pe Aayaa Hoon'' from ''[[Laila-Majnu]]'', the all-time haunting ''Meri Awaaz Suno'' and ''Tumhare Zulf Ke Sayen'' from ''[[Naunihal (1967 film)|Naunihal]]'', ''Teri Aankhon Ke Siva Duniya Mein'' from ''[[Chirag|Chiraag]]'' as well. Madan did not usually employ [[Kishore Kumar]]. Nonetheless their partnership created songs as well; in this category fall songs such as ''Simti Si, Sharmai Si'' from ''[[Parwana (1971 film)|Parwana]]'', ''Zaroorat Hai, Zaroorat Hai'' from ''[[Man-Mauji|Manmauji]]'', the title song from ''Ek Muthi Aasman'', ''Mera Naam Abdul Rehman'' from ''[[Bhai-Bhai|Bhai Bhai]]'', and ''Aai Hasino, Naazanino'' from ''Chacha Zindabad''. Madan often collaborated with lyricists [[Raja Mehdi Ali Khan]], [[Kaifi Azmi]], and [[Rajinder Krishan]], [[Sahir Ludhianvi]] and [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]] for his movies.

In 1957 he came out with a film named ''[[Dekh Kabira Roya]]'' in which the legendary singer [[Manna Dey]] gave his voice to the melodious ''Kaun Aaya Mere Man Ke Dwaare'' and unforgettable numbers like ''Tum Bin Jeevan Kaisa Jeevan'' in the film ''[[Bawarchi]]''. In addition to that, he had Lata sing ''Tu Pyaar Kare Ya Thukraaye'' and ''Meri Veena Tum Bin Roye'' numbers, and he used [[Talat Mahmood]] for the song ''Hum Se Aaya Na Gaya'' in the same movie. Once in an interview Manna Dey recalled that Madan Mohan asked him to take special care when singing ''Kaun Aaya Mere Man Ke Dwaare''.

A film scored by Madan was [[Chetan Anand (producer and director)|Chetan Anand]]'s ''[[Haqeeqat (1964 film)|Haqeeqat]]'' (1964), starring [[Balraj Sahni]] and [[Dharmendra]] and based on the [[Sino-Indian War]] of 1962. In it, he used Rafi, who sang numbers like ''[[Kar chale hum fida]]'', ''Main Yeh Soch Kar''. Lata was used for the song ''Zara Si Aahat Hoti Hai'' and the unscreened " Khelo na mere dilse". And the same film saw Rafi, Talat, Manna Dey, and Bhupendra singing ''Hoke Majboor Mujhe Usne Bhulaya Hoga''. Bhupendra appeared on the screen as well for the first time, much before he established himself as a playback singer. This song is also the only song in which four top-rated male playback singers have put voices together in a song. In 1966, he again paired with [[Lata Mangeshkar]] for ''[[Mera Saaya]]''.

Madan Mohan's venture was [[Raj Khosla]]'s version of "Woman in White", titled [[Woh Kaun Thi?|''Woh'' ''Kaun'' ''Thi''?]]. This film has three Lata solos ('Naina barse rim jhim rim jhim', 'Lag ja gale' and 'Jo humne daastaan apni sunayee') and a Lata duet.

The late fifties, sixties and the early seventies were the most productive period in Madan Mohan's career. His songs from those decades include compositions for films like ''[[Adalat (1958 film)|Adalat]]'', ''[[Anpadh]]'', ''Dulhan ek raat ki'', ''Mera Saya'', ''[[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]]'', ''[[Hanste Zakhm]]'', ''[[Heer Raanjha]]'', ''Maharaja'', and ''[[Mausam (1975 film)|Mausam]]'', among many others. His second last bow was for a film released five years after his death, ''Chalbaaz''. In 1970, during the changing times of western music he gave music based on ragas for [[Rajinder Singh Bedi]]'s [[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]] and won his only [[National Film Award for Best Music Direction|1971 National Film Award for Best Music Direction]]. Its songs sung by Lata Mangeshkar are still considered her finest.<ref>[http://www.codesutra.net/archives/individual/music/the_incredibly_sweet_sound_of_impending_doom_madan_mohan_1924_1975.php?page=all Incredible Sweet Sound – Madan Mohan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025011746/http://www.codesutra.net/archives/individual/music/the_incredibly_sweet_sound_of_impending_doom_madan_mohan_1924_1975.php?page=all |date=25 October 2007 }}</ref>

His legacy wouldn't be complete without mentioning the ghazal he composed for the movie "Dil Ki Rahein" – "Rasm-e-ulfat ko nibhaein to nibhaein kaise". The shayar(lyricist) for the ghazal was Naqsh Lallayalpuri and it was sung by Lata Mangeshkar. It is considered as one of the best songs sung by Lata Mangeshkar, ever.

Madan Mohan's son Sanjeev Kohli recreated 11 of his late father's unused compositions for the soundtrack of the 2004 [[Yash Chopra]] film ''[[Veer-Zaara]]''. Later on, Kohli brought out an album "Tere Baghair" which contains some of Madan Mohan's songs.

===Mass appeal===
Lata Mangeshkar christened him "Ghazal ka Shehzadaa", or the Prince of Ghazals. Even Lata herself stated in a live concert in the late 1990s that she found Madan Mohan's compositions difficult to master. Most of the top film actors of the day (who were also studio heads) had fallen into a groove with their preferred composers (e.g., [[Raj Kapoor]] had Shankar Jaikishan, [[Dev Anand]] had the Burmans, [[Dilip Kumar]] had Naushad, etc.) Hence, he often had difficulty finding assignments. His 1964 [[Filmfare Award]] nomination for Best Music Director for ''Woh Kaun Thi''. In a tightly-contested race, both Madan and Shankar Jaikishan (''Sangam'') lost to relative newcomer [[Laxmikant Pyarelal]], who scored ''Dosti''.

==Death and legacy==
Madan's constant struggles took a toll on his life, and he began drinking heavily. He died of liver cirrhosis on 14 July 1975. His body was lifted before his funeral by actors – [[Rajesh Khanna]], [[Dharmendra]], [[Amitabh Bachchan]] and [[Rajendra Kumar]].<ref>[https://m.filmfare.com/features/had-he-lived-longer-he-wouldve-been-frustrated-28210-1.html Sanjeev Kohli gets candid about his father the Late Madan Mohan]. M.filmfare.com (12 May 2018). Retrieved 9 November 2018.</ref>

In 2004, Madan's unused tunes were recreated by his son, Sanjeev Kohli, for the [[Yash Chopra]] film [[Veer-Zaara]], starring [[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh Khan]], [[Preity Zinta]], and [[Rani Mukerji]]. The lyrics were written by [[Javed Akhtar]], and [[Lata Mangeshkar]] was invited to once again sing the majority of the melodies composed by him.<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/movies/2004/oct/06madan.htm Madan Mohan lives on]. Rediff.com (6 October 2004). Retrieved 9 November 2018.</ref> The music was highly appreciated and was critically acclaimed. He was awarded the IIFA award 2005, for Music Direction for [[Veer-Zaara]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iifa.com/archives/2005/2005winners.html |title=IIFA awards 2005 |access-date=21 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053759/http://www.iifa.com/archives/2005/2005winners.html |archive-date=21 September 2013}}</ref>

==Books on Madan Mohan==
'Madan Mohan: An Unforgettable Composer – Edited by V M Joshi & Suresh Rao, presents an analytical look at the composer's work. It includes articles by Sanjeev Kohli, Akshay Kohli, O P Dutta, Uttam Singh, B R Ishara, Dr. Ashok Ranade, Alka Deo Marulkar, Mridula Joshi, Dr. Kirti Shrivastava, Deepak Jeswal and many more; interviews with Lata Mangeshkar, Shreya Ghoshal, Mahalaxmi Iyer and Rehana Sultan, and Madan Mohan's filmography.

==Style==
Madan's music was characterised by his immense ability to meld elements of Indian classical music into a new style of Hindi [[filmi]] song. He had a keen and sensitive ear for the nuances of Indian classical tunes, and combined them with elements of Western music such as harmonies to produce a style of music that could be appreciated by both classical music aficionados and the common person alike.

==Filmography==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Film Title !! Notes
|-
| 1950 || ''[[Aankhen (1950 film)|Aankhen]]'' ||
|-
| 1951 || ''Adaa'' ||
|-
| 1951 || ''[[Madhosh (1951 film)|Madhosh]]'' ||
|-
| 1952 || ''Aashiana'' ||
|-
| 1952 || ''Anjaam'' ||
|-
| 1952 || ''Khoobsurat'' ||
|-
| 1952 || ''Nirmohi'' ||
|-
| 1953 || ''Baaghi'' ||
|-
| 1953 || ''Chacha Choudhary'' ||
|-
| 1953 || ''[[Dhoon]]'' ||
|-
| 1954 || ''Ilzaam'' ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Mastana (1954 film)|Mastana]]''||
|-
| 1955 || ''Ehsaan'' ||
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Railway Platform (film)|Railway Platform]]'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Bhai-Bhai (1956 film)|Bhai-Bhai]]'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''Fifty Fifty'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Mem Sahib]]'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Pocket Maar(1956)|Pocket Maar]]'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''Beti'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''Chhote Babu'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Dekh Kabira Roya (1957 film)|Dekh Kabhira Roya]]'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''Gateway of India'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''Samundar'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''Sheroo'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''Aakhri Dao'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Adalat (1958 film)|Adalat]]'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Chandan (film)|Chandan]]'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Ek Shola]]'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Jailor (1958 film)|Jailor]]'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Khazanchi (1958 film)|Khazanchi]]'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''Khota Paisa'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''Night Club'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Baap Bete'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Bank Manager'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Chacha Zindabaad'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Duniya Na Maane'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Jaagir'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Minister'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Mohr'' ||
|-
| 1960 || ''Bahaana'' ||
|-
| 1961 || ''Sanjog'' ||
|-
| 1961 ||''Senapati'' ||
|-
| 1962 || ''[[Anpadh]]'' || Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director]]
|-
| 1962 || ''[[Man-Mauji|Manmauji]]'' ||
|-
| 1963 || ''[[Akeli Mat Jaiyo]]'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Aap Ki Parchhaiyan]]'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Gazal (1964 film)|Gazal]]'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Haqeeqat (1964 film)|Haqeeqat]]'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Jahan Ara (film)|Jahan Ara]]'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Pooja Ke Phool]]'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''Sharabi'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''Suhagan'' ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Woh Kaun Thi?]]'' || Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director]]
|-
| 1965 || ''Bombay Race Course'' ||
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Naya Kanoon]]'' ||
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Neela Aakash]]'' ||
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Rishte Naate]]'' ||
|-
| 1966 || ''[[Dak Ghar]]'' ||
|-
| 1966 || ''[[Dulhan Ek Raat Ki]]'' ||
|-
| 1966 || ''Ladka Ladki'' ||
|-
| 1966 || ''[[Mera Saaya]]'' ||
|-
| 1966 || ''[[Neend Hamari Khwab Tumhare]]'' ||
|-
| 1967 || ''[[Ghar Ka Chirag]]'' ||
|-
| 1967 || ''[[Jab Yaad Kisi Ki Aati Hai]]'' ||
|-
| 1967 || ''[[Naunihal (1967 film)|Naunihal]]'' ||
|-
| 1967 || ''Nawab Sirajuddaula'' ||
|-
| 1968 || ''Ek Kali Muskaai'' ||
|-
| 1969 || ''[[Chirag]]'' ||
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]]'' || '''Won''' – [[National Film Award for Best Music Direction]]
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Heer Raanjha]]'' ||
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Maa Ka Aanchal]]'' ||
|-
| 1970 || ''Maharaja'' ||
|-
| 1971 || ''[[Parwana (1971 film)|Parwana]]'' ||
|-
| 1972 || ''[[Bawarchi]]'' ||
|-
| 1972 || ''[[Koshish]]'' ||
|-
| 1972 || ''[[Sultana Daku (1972 film)|Sultana Daku]]'' ||
|-
| 1973 || ''[[Ek Mutthi Aasmaan]]'' ||
|-
| 1973 || ''[[Hanste Zakhm]]'' ||
|-
| 1973 || ''[[Hindustan Ki Kasam]]'' ||
|-
| 1973 || ''Prabhat'' ||
|-
| 1973 || ''[[Dil Ki Rahen]]'' ||
|-
| 1974 || ''Asliyat'' ||
|-
| 1974 || ''[[Chowkidar]]'' ||
|-
| 1975 || ''[[Mausam (1975 film)|Mausam]]'' || Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director]]
|-
| 1976 || ''[[Laila Majnu (1976 film)|Laila Majnu]]'' ||
|-
| 1976 || ''[[Sharafat Chod Di Maine]]'' ||
|-
| 1977 || ''[[Saheb Bahadur]]'' ||
|-
| 1978 || ''Jalan'' ||
|-
| 1979 || ''Inspector Eagle'' ||
|-
| 1980 || ''Chaal Baaz'' || Posthumously released
|-
| 2004 || ''[[Veer-Zaara]]'' || Posthumously released <br> Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director]] <br> '''Won''' [[IIFA Award for Best Music Director]]
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of Indian film music directors]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |author1=Gulzar |author2=Govind Nihalani |author3=Saibal Chatterjee |title=Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8y8vN9A14nkC&pg=PT617 |year=2003 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7991-066-5 |ref=Gu}}

==External links==
* [http://www.madanmohan.in madanmohan.in], website on Madan Mohan, created and maintained by his sons
* {{IMDb name | id=0463317 | name = Madan Mohan }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140715011401/http://www.indiainfoline.com/Lifestyle/Smart-Gadgets/An-Eternal-Composition-called-Madan-Mohan/3981824 Eternal composition called Madan Mohan], tribute piece on Madan Mohan

{{NationalFilmAwardBestMusicDirection}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohan, Madan}}
[[Category:Indian film score composers]]
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:1975 deaths]]
[[Category:Musicians from Baghdad]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:Deaths from cirrhosis]]
[[Category:Alcohol-related deaths in India]]
[[Category:Hindi film score composers]]
[[Category:Best Music Direction National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]

Madan Mohan (music director) - Revision history

imported>KungfuPanda2008 at 18:24, 20 July 2021