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	'''M. Geethanandan''' is an Indian social activist working on political and economic issues faced by [[adivasi\|tribals]] and [[dalit]]s in the state of [[Kerala]], India.<ref>Kerala Development Report By India. Planning Commission 2003. pp. 362. Print. [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Ul-OkF5gUJQC&printsec=frontcover]</ref> He co-founded the Adivasi Gothra Mahasabha along with [[C.K. Janu]] and others. He has been involved in organising several protests and struggles of Adivasis (tribes) and Dalits, notably [[~~Muthanga_incident~~\|the Muthanga agitation]], an incident of police firing on the Adivasis in the Muthanga village of Wayanad district, Kerala.		'''M. Geethanandan''' is an Indian social activist working on political and economic issues faced by [[adivasi\|tribals]] and [[dalit]]s in the state of [[Kerala]], India.<ref>Kerala Development Report By India. Planning Commission 2003. pp. 362. Print. [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Ul-OkF5gUJQC&printsec=frontcover]</ref> He co-founded the Adivasi Gothra Mahasabha along with [[C.K. Janu]] and others. He has been involved in organising several protests and struggles of Adivasis (tribes) and Dalits, notably [[Muthanga incident\|the Muthanga agitation]], an incident of police firing on the Adivasis in the Muthanga village of Wayanad district, Kerala.

	==Biography==		==Biography==
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	==Kudilketti struggle==		==Kudilketti struggle==
	In 2001, [[C.K. Janu]] and Geethanandan led a protest of Adivasis from all over Kerala in Thiruvananthapuram. The protesters erected kudil (shacks) in front of the secretariat and demanded land rights. The protest came to be called as the Kudilketti struggle. <ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://countercurrents.org/2018/05/adivasis-are-not-begging-for-charity-but-their-constitutional-rights/\|title=Adivasis Are Not Begging For Charity, But Their Constitutional Rights\|date=May 14, 2018}}</ref> The Adivasi Gothra Mahasabha was born during this struggle.		In 2001, [[C.K. Janu]] and Geethanandan led a protest of Adivasis from all over Kerala in Thiruvananthapuram. The protesters erected kudil (shacks) in front of the secretariat and demanded land rights. The protest came to be called as the Kudilketti struggle.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://countercurrents.org/2018/05/adivasis-are-not-begging-for-charity-but-their-constitutional-rights/\|title=Adivasis Are Not Begging For Charity, But Their Constitutional Rights\|date=May 14, 2018}}</ref> The Adivasi Gothra Mahasabha was born during this struggle.

	== Muthanga incident ==		== Muthanga incident ==

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{{Infobox person
| name = M. Geethanandan
| image = M_Geethanandan.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = 1954
| birth_place = Thayyil, [[Kannur district]], [[Kerala]]
| nationality = [[India]]n
| known_for = Muthanga incident (2003)
}}

'''M. Geethanandan''' is an Indian social activist working on political and economic issues faced by [[adivasi|tribals]] and [[dalit]]s in the state of [[Kerala]], India.<ref>Kerala Development Report By India. Planning Commission 2003. pp. 362. Print. [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Ul-OkF5gUJQC&printsec=frontcover]</ref> He co-founded the Adivasi Gothra Mahasabha along with [[C.K. Janu]] and others. He has been involved in organising several protests and struggles of Adivasis (tribes) and Dalits, notably [[Muthanga_incident|the Muthanga agitation]], an incident of police firing on the Adivasis in the Muthanga village of Wayanad district, Kerala.

==Biography==
Geethanandan was born in Thayyil, Kannur district, Kerala, in 1954 in a Dalit family. After obtaining Master of Science degree in Marine Sciences, he worked at the accountant-general's office in the state capital Thiruvananthapuram for about 20 years.<ref>Steur, Luisa (2017). Indigenist Mobilisation: Confronting Electoral Communism and Precarious Livelihoods in Post-reforms Kerala. Hyderabad: Orient BlackSwan.</ref>

==Kudilketti struggle==
In 2001, [[C.K. Janu]] and Geethanandan led a protest of Adivasis from all over Kerala in Thiruvananthapuram. The protesters erected kudil (shacks) in front of the secretariat and demanded land rights. The protest came to be called as the Kudilketti struggle. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://countercurrents.org/2018/05/adivasis-are-not-begging-for-charity-but-their-constitutional-rights/|title=Adivasis Are Not Begging For Charity, But Their Constitutional Rights|date=May 14, 2018}}</ref> The Adivasi Gothra Mahasabha was born during this struggle.

== Muthanga incident ==

{{Main|Muthanga incident}}
On February 19, 2003, [[C.K. Janu]] and Geethanandan also led the occupation of land at [[Muthanga]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/janu-geetanandan-arrested/article27747380.ece|title=Janu, Geetanandan arrested|first=Our Staff|last=Reporter|date=February 23, 2003|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> The occupation ended with massive police violence in which a policeman and an Adivasi person were killed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/two-killed-as-tribals-police-clash/article27746858.ece|title=Two killed as tribals, police clash|first=R. Madhavan|last=Nair|date=February 20, 2003|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> It came to be known as the [[Muthanga incident]] and Janu had to undergo imprisonment and face 75 cases filed against her.

The tribal people had gathered under Adivasi Gothra Maha Sabha (AGMS) to protest the Kerala government's delay in allotting them land, which had been granted in October 2001. During the protest, Kerala police fired 18 rounds resulting in two immediate fatalities (one of which was a police officer). In a subsequent statement, the government placed the official death toll at five. A video of the firing was aired on several television news programs<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2003/02/20/stories/2003022004730700.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041229210239/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2003/02/20/stories/2003022004730700.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 December 2004 |title=Two killed as tribals, police clash |date=20 February 2003 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=20 April 2012}}</ref> and prompted noted author, Arundhati Roy, into writing ''You have blood on your hands''.

On 21 February 2003, AGMS leaders C. K. Janu and Geethanandan were arrested. The two were spotted by locals at a roadside, near Nambikolli, about 4 kilometers from the town of Sulthan Bathery on the Bathery-Ootty road. K. K. Surendran, a lecturer in DIET, was also arrested in connection with the tribal agitation in the sanctuary.<ref name="auto"/>

==Villuvandi protests==
Along with leaders of other Adivasi and Dalit organisations, Geethanandan protested that demanded the reinstatement of the rights of the Malayaraya Adivasi community over the land and temple in
[[Sabarimala]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/news/sabarimala-adivasi-dalit-organizations-for-agitation-for-the-rights-of-malayaiyas-ph5kgl|title=ശബരിമല ; മലയരയരുടെ അവകാശങ്ങള്‍ തിരിച്ചുകൊടുക്കണമെന്നാവശ്യപ്പെട്ട് ആദിവാസി ദളിത് സംഘടനകള്‍ പ്രക്ഷോഭത്തിന്|website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd}}</ref> The protests used Villuvandis (carts), borrowing from the protest led by Ayyankali in 1893 demanding the right to use public roads.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabrangindia.in/article/dalit-activists-organise-second-villuvandi-yatra-kerala-wake-sabarimala-protests|title=Dalit activists organise second 'Villuvandi Yatra' in Kerala in wake of Sabarimala protests|date=December 26, 2018|website=SabrangIndia}}</ref>

==Dalit hartal==
On 9 April 2018, various Dalit and Adivasi organisations organised a dawn-to-dusk strike against the perceived dilution of the [[Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989]] by the Indian supreme court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/scst-act-dilution-dalit-organisations-call-for-shutdown-in-kerala/1126372/|title=SC/ST Act dilution: Partial shutdown in Kerala, Dalit leader M Geethanandan held|date=April 9, 2018}}</ref> Geethanandan co-organized the hartal and was arrested by the State police.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book | url = http://www.pucl.org/Topics/Dalit-tribal/2003/muthanga.htm | title = The return to Muthanga | author = C.K Janu and M. Geethanandan | year = 2003 | publisher = People's Union for Civil Liberties | access-date = 28 October 2005 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060506032036/http://pucl.org/Topics/Dalit-tribal/2003/muthanga.htm | archive-date = 6 May 2006 | url-status = dead }}
* {{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2kbLCQAAQBAJ | title = Political Economy of Development in India | author = Darley Jose Kjosavik, Nadarajah Shanmugaratnam | year = 2015 | publisher = Routledge | isbn = 9781317548492 }}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140714203632/http://www.tehelka.com/this-is-not-a-panel-discussion/ Profile on Tehelka]
* [https://archive.today/20130418201323/http://blip.tv/file/2290897/Evicted from Justice Documentary]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Geethanandan, M.}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Activists from Kerala]]
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:Indian human rights activists]]
[[Category:Adivasi activists]]
[[Category:Indian women activists]]
[[Category:Social workers from Kerala]]

M. Geethanandan - Revision history

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