Lokesh Chandra - Revision history

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			'''Prof. Lokesh Chandra''' (born 11 April 1927 in [[Ambala]], [[India]]) is a prominent scholar of the [[Vedas\|Vedic period]], [[Buddhism]] and the Indian arts. Between 1942 and 2004, he published 576 books and 286 articles.

	~~'''Prof~~. Lokesh Chandra~~''' (~~born 11 April 1927~~) is a prominent scholar of the~~ [[~~Vedas\|Vedic period~~]], [[~~Buddhism~~]] ~~and the Indian arts~~. He ~~was~~ the ~~president~~ of [[~~Indian Council for Cultural Relations~~]] ~~during 2014–2017~~.~~<ref>http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/24157/Prof+Lokesh+Chandra+appointed+as+the+17th+President+of+Indian+Council+for+Cultural+Relations</ref> He has also served as~~ a ~~member of~~ the [[~~India~~]]n [[~~Rajya Sabha~~]], ~~Vice-President~~ of the [[~~Indian Council for Cultural Relations~~]]~~, and Chairman of the~~ [[~~Indian Council of Historical Research~~]].<ref ~~name="archive1"~~>{{cite web \|url=http://14.~~141~~.36.~~212~~/hj/~~iccr_qc/content/bio~~-~~profile~~-~~prof~~-~~lokesh~~-~~chandra~~-~~president-iccr~~ \|~~title~~=~~Archived copy~~ \|access-date=~~2015-02-08 \|url-status=dead~~ \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/~~20150208213558~~/http://14.~~141~~.36.~~212~~/hj/~~iccr_qc/content/bio-profile-prof-lokesh-chandra-president-iccr~~ \|archive-date=~~8 February 2015~~ \|df=~~dmy-all~~ }}</ref>		He has also held many official positions in the Indian government and was twice member orf Indian Parliament (1974-1980) and (1980-1986).
			== Biography ==
			Lokesh Chandra was born on 11 April 1927 in [[Ambala]], [[India]]. He is the son of the famous [[Sanskrit]] scholar, linguist and politician [[Raghu Vira]]. After obtaining a master's degree at the [[University of the Punjab]] in [[Lahore]] in 1947, he edited the Gavamayana portion of the Vedic work Jaiminiya Brahmana with the help of newly discovered manuscripts. Chandra went to the Netherlands to study Old Javanese with the Indologist [[Jan Gonda]] at [[Utrecht University]], where he obtained a Ph.D. with the dissertation ''Jaiminiya Brahmana of the Samaveda II.1-80'' in March 1950.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf \|title=Bio Data of Prof. Lokesh Ckandra, p.3\|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|website=Sanchi University if Buddhist—Indic Studies \|access-date=26 July 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728205214/http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf \|archive-date=28 July 2014 \|url-status=dead}} and 11 September 2021.</ref> Among them are classics like his ''Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary'', ''Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature'', ''Buddhist Iconography of Tibet'', and his ''Dictionary of Buddhist Art'' in 15 volumes.<ref name="archive1" />

	~~In 2006 he~~ was ~~conferred with [[Padma Bhushan]] by~~ the Indian ~~Government~~.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://~~archive~~.~~india~~.~~gov~~.in/~~myindia~~/~~padmabhushan_awards_list1~~.~~php?start=210~~ \|title=~~Padma Bhushan Awardees~~ \|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|website=~~archive.india.gov.in \|publisher=Government of India~~ \|access-date=26 July 2014 ~~\|url-status=dead~~ \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/~~20140727232800~~/http://~~archive~~.~~india~~.~~gov~~.in/~~myindia~~/~~padmabhushan_awards_list1~~.~~php?start=210~~ \|archive-date=27 July 2014 \|df=~~dmy-all~~ }}</ref>		He is not only an eminent scholar, but has also held many official positions in the Indian government as a member of several committees: Education, Official Language, but also Tourism, Heavy Industry and many others, as his expertise was not limited to Buddhism and Indian Art, his favourite fields. He was also a member of the Indian Parliament twice (1974-1980) and (1980-1986).<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf \|title=Bio Data of Prof. Lokesh Ckandra, p.2\|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|website=Sanchi University if Buddhist—Indic Studies \|access-date=26 July 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728205214/http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf \|archive-date=28 July 2014 \|url-status=dead }} and 11 September 2021.</ref>

	~~He is the son of the famous [[Sanskrit]] scholar, linguist and politician [[Raghu Vira]]. After obtaining a master's degree at the [[University of the Punjab]] in [[Lahore]] in 1947,~~ he ~~edited the Gavamayana portion of the Vedic work Jaiminiya Brahmana with the help of newly discovered manuscripts. Chandra went to the Netherlands to study Old Javanese~~ with ~~the Indologist~~ [[~~Jan Gonda~~]] ~~at [[Utrecht University]], where he obtained a Ph.D. with~~ the ~~dissertation ''Jaiminiya Brahmana of the Samaveda II.1-80'' in March 1950~~.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://~~www~~.~~sanchiuniv~~.~~org~~.in/~~pdf~~/~~Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV~~.~~pdf~~ \|title=~~Bio Data of Prof. Lokesh Ckandra~~ \|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|website=~~Sanchi University if Buddhist—Indic Studies~~ \|access-date=26 July 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/~~20140728205214~~/http://~~www~~.~~sanchiuniv~~.~~org~~.in/~~pdf~~/~~Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV~~.~~pdf~~ \|archive-date=28 July 2014 \|~~url~~-~~status=dead~~ }}~~</ref> Among them are classics like his ''Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary'', ''Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature'', ''Buddhist Iconography of Tibet'',~~ and ~~his ''Dictionary of Buddhist Art'' in about 20 volumes~~.<ref ~~name="archive1" /~~>		In 2006 he was conferred with [[Padma Bhushan]] by the Indian Government.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://archive.india.gov.in/myindia/padmabhushan_awards_list1.php?start=210 \|title=Padma Bhushan Awardees \|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|website=archive.india.gov.in \|publisher=Government of India \|access-date=26 July 2014 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727232800/http://archive.india.gov.in/myindia/padmabhushan_awards_list1.php?start=210 \|archive-date=27 July 2014 \|df=dmy-all }} and 11 September 2021.</ref>

			He was the president of [[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]] during 2014–2017.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/24157/Prof+Lokesh+Chandra+appointed+as+the+17th+President+of+Indian+Council+for+Cultural+Relations\|title = Prof. Lokesh Chandra appointed as the 17th President of Indian Council for Cultural Relations}}.</ref> He has also served as a member of the [[India]]n [[Rajya Sabha]], Vice-President of the [[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]], and Chairman of the [[Indian Council of Historical Research]].<ref name="archive1">{{cite web \|url=http://14.141.36.212/hj/iccr_qc/content/bio-profile-prof-lokesh-chandra-president-iccr \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=2015-02-08\|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208213558/http://14.141.36.212/hj/iccr_qc/content/bio-profile-prof-lokesh-chandra-president-iccr \|archive-date=8 February 2015 \|df=dmy-all }} and 11 September 2021.</ref>
			== Works ==
			Between [[1942]] and [[2004]], Lokesh Chandra published numerous books (alone or as co-author) and articles, totalling 862 publications.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf \|title=Bio Data of Prof. Lokesh Ckandra, p.8-27 \|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|website=Sanchi University if Buddhist—Indic Studies \|access-date=26 July 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728205214/http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf \|archive-date=26 July 2014\|url-status=dead }} and 11 September 2021.</ref> While it is not possible to reproduce an exhaustive list, here are some of the most frequently cited.
			=== Books ===
			*''Titbetan-Sanskrit Dictionary'' in 12+7 volumes, New Delhi, International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1961, reprint in 1971, 1991, 1993 {{ISSN\|0581-8532}}.
			* ''Nīlakaṇṭha Lokeśvara as the Buddhist apotheosis of Hari-hara'', New Delhi, International Academy of Indian Culture, 1979, 18p.<ref>''Nīlakaṇṭha Lokeśvara as the Buddhist apotheosis of Hari-hara'', read online : [https://www.worldcat.org/title/nilakantha-lokesvara-as-the-buddhist-apotheosis-of-hari-hara/oclc/498593454?referer=di&ht=edition]. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref>
			* ''The Thousand-armed Avalokiteśvara, Volume1'', New Delhi, Abhinav Publications, Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, 1988, 303 p., {{ISBN\|9788170172475}}.<ref>''The Thousand-armed Avalokiteśvara, Volume1'', read online :[https://books.google.com.vn/books?id=0kBSFcX-K4wC&redir_esc=y]. Retrieved 9 September 2021. The book is also available on [[Internet Archive]], read online:[https://archive.org/details/170338465-the-thousand-armed-avalokitesvara/mode/2up]. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref>
			* ''Dictionary of Buddhist Iconography''. Śata-pitaka series: Indo-Asian literatures in 15 volumes, New Delhi, Published by International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1999-2005, {{ISSN\|0581-8532}}.
			*''India's Contributions to World Thought and Culture'' (Collective work edited by Lokesh Chandra), Madras, Publishers: Vivekananda Rock Memorial Committee, 1971, 838 p.<ref>''India's Contributions to World Thought and Culture'', read online :[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.107624/page/n3/mode/2up]. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref>
			*''Transcendental Art of Tibet'', New Delhi, Published by International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1996, 234 p. {{ISBN\|9788186471890}}.
			* ''Cultural Horizons of India: Studies in Tantra and Buddhism, art and archaeology, language and literature (Śata-pitaka series :Indo-Asian literatures in 7 volumes n° : 361, 366, 370, 381, 388, 390, 391), New Delhi, Published by International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1990-1998, {{ISBN\|8185179522}} (ISBN of the 1st volume).<ref>''Cultural Horizons of India: read online [https://www.worldcat.org/title/cultural-horizons-of-india-studies-in-tantra-and-buddhism-art-and-archaeology-language-and-literature/oclc/25080906]. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref>
			* ''Kāranda-vyūha-sūtra or The supernal virtues of Avalokiteśvara'', New Delhi, International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1999, 295 p, {{ISBN\|9788186471890}}.
			* With Raghu Vira, ''Gilgit Buddhist Manuscripts.'' Śata-pitaka series in 10 vol. Revised and Enlarged Compact Facsimile Edition. New Delhi: International Academy of Indian Culture, 1959–74, reprint in 1995 (3 volumes) by Sri Satguru Publishers, {{ISBN\|9788170304449}} and {{ISBN\|9788170304456}}.<ref>''Gilgit Buddhist Manuscripts.'' Front Cover [https://books.google.com/books/about/Gilgit_Buddhist_Manuscripts.html?id=xpeDJwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y]. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref>
			* With Sharada Rani, ''Mudras in Japan'',. Volume 243 of Śata-pitaka series :Indo-Asian literatures, New Delhi, 1978 (Reprint :Vedams eBooks in 2001), 302 p. {{ISBN\|9788179360002}}.<ref>''Mudras in Japan'', read online [https://books.google.com./books?id=YxamptX6L74C&hl=fr&source=gbs_navlinks_s]. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref>
			=== Articles ===
			* ''The Origin of Avalokitesvara'', Indologica Taurinenaia, publié par [[International Association of Sanskrit Studies]] , Volume XIII, p. 187-202,(1985-1986).<ref>{{cite journal \|date=1985-1986\|title=The Origin of Avalokitesvara\|journal= Indologica Taurinenaia, publié par [[International Association of Sanskrit Studies]] (IASS), Volume XIII, p. 187-202\|pages=\|url=http://www.asiainstitutetorino.it/Indologica/volumes/vol13/vol13_art13_CHANDRA.pdf\|access-date=9 September 2021}}.</ref>
			* ''Origin of The Avalokiteśvara of Potala'', A journal of Himalayan Studies, 1979.<ref> {{cite journal \|date=1979\|title=Origin of The Avalokiteśvara of Potala\|journal=A journal of Himalayan Studies. Ratna Pustak Bhandar\|pages=21 pages\|url= https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/227204/kailash_07_01_01.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y \|access-date=11 September 2021}}.</ref>
			==See also==
			*[[Nīlakaṇṭha Dhāraṇī]], article in which several texts of Lokesh Chandra are presented and quoted.
	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist\|2}}		{{Reflist\|2}}

	==External links==		==External links==
	* {{cite AV media \|people=Lokesh Chandra, Yashaswini Chandra \|title=Buddhist iconography: Dr. Lokesh Chandra in conversation with Dr. Yashaswini Chandra \|medium=Video \|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_t-gC73AtI}}		* {{cite AV media \|people=Lokesh Chandra, Yashaswini Chandra \|title=Buddhist iconography: Dr. Lokesh Chandra in conversation with Dr. Yashaswini Chandra \|medium=Video \|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_t-gC73AtI}}

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
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{{Infobox person
| name = Lokesh Chandra
| image = Lokesh Chandra.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth-date and age|11 April 1927}}
| birth_place = [[Rawalpindi]], [[British Punjab]]
| nationality = Indian
| title = Ex-President, [[ICCR]]<ref>http://iccr.gov.in</ref>
| education = M.A., 1947, Ph.D., 1950
| occupation = Scholar
}}

'''Prof. Lokesh Chandra''' (born 11 April 1927) is a prominent scholar of the [[Vedas|Vedic period]], [[Buddhism]] and the Indian arts. He was the president of [[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]] during 2014–2017.<ref>http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/24157/Prof+Lokesh+Chandra+appointed+as+the+17th+President+of+Indian+Council+for+Cultural+Relations</ref> He has also served as a member of the [[India]]n [[Rajya Sabha]], Vice-President of the [[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]], and Chairman of the [[Indian Council of Historical Research]].<ref name="archive1">{{cite web |url=http://14.141.36.212/hj/iccr_qc/content/bio-profile-prof-lokesh-chandra-president-iccr |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-02-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208213558/http://14.141.36.212/hj/iccr_qc/content/bio-profile-prof-lokesh-chandra-president-iccr |archive-date=8 February 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

In 2006 he was conferred with [[Padma Bhushan]] by the Indian Government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.india.gov.in/myindia/padmabhushan_awards_list1.php?start=210 |title=Padma Bhushan Awardees |author= |website=archive.india.gov.in |publisher=Government of India |access-date=26 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727232800/http://archive.india.gov.in/myindia/padmabhushan_awards_list1.php?start=210 |archive-date=27 July 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

He is the son of the famous [[Sanskrit]] scholar, linguist and politician [[Raghu Vira]]. After obtaining a master's degree at the [[University of the Punjab]] in [[Lahore]] in 1947, he edited the Gavamayana portion of the Vedic work Jaiminiya Brahmana with the help of newly discovered manuscripts. Chandra went to the Netherlands to study Old Javanese with the Indologist [[Jan Gonda]] at [[Utrecht University]], where he obtained a Ph.D. with the dissertation ''Jaiminiya Brahmana of the Samaveda II.1-80'' in March 1950.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf |title=Bio Data of Prof. Lokesh Ckandra |author= |website=Sanchi University if Buddhist—Indic Studies |access-date=26 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728205214/http://www.sanchiuniv.org.in/pdf/Lokesh%20Chandra%20CV.pdf |archive-date=28 July 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Among them are classics like his ''Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary'', ''Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature'', ''Buddhist Iconography of Tibet'', and his ''Dictionary of Buddhist Art'' in about 20 volumes.<ref name="archive1" />

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* {{cite AV media |people=Lokesh Chandra, Yashaswini Chandra |title=Buddhist iconography: Dr. Lokesh Chandra in conversation with Dr. Yashaswini Chandra |medium=Video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_t-gC73AtI}}

{{Buddhism topics}}
{{Modern Buddhist writers}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 2000–09}}

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{{Wikiquote}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chandra, Lokesh}}
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian historians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian linguists]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education]]
[[Category:Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha]]
[[Category:Indian Buddhist scholars]]
[[Category:Translators from Tibetan]]
[[Category:University of the Punjab alumni]]
[[Category:Utrecht University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Ambala]]
[[Category:Indian expatriates in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Scholars from Haryana]]
[[Category:Indian Buddhists]]

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