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{{Further|List of archaeological periods}}
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The categorisation of the past into discrete, quantified named blocks of time is called [[periodization]].<ref name="Rabinowtz">Adam Rabinowitz. And king''[https://www.academia.edu/6647852/Temporal_Divides_A_Critical_Review_of_the_Major_Schemes_of_Periodization_in_Indian_History It’s about time: historical periodization and Linked Ancient World Data] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425095901/https://www.academia.edu/6647852/Temporal_Divides_A_Critical_Review_of_the_Major_Schemes_of_Periodization_in_Indian_History |date=April 25, 2022 }}''. Study of the Ancient universe Papers, 2014.</ref> This is a list of such '''named time periods''' as defined in various fields of study.

These can be divided broadly into prehistorical periods and historical periods (when written records began to be kept).

In [[archaeology]] and [[anthropology]], [[prehistory]] is subdivided around the [[three-age system]], this list includes the use of the three-age system as well as a number of various designation used in reference to sub-ages within the traditional three.

The dates for each age can vary by region. On the [[geologic time scale]], the [[Holocene]] epoch starts at the end of the [[last glacial period|last glacial period of the current ice age]] (c. 10,000 BCE) and continues to the present. The beginning of the Mesolithic is usually considered to correspond to the beginning of the [[Holocene]] epoch.

==Prehistoric periods==
===Common System===
* '''[[Precambrian]]'''
** [[Hadean]] (or hadaeozoic)
** [[Archean]] (or archaeozoic)
** [[Proterozoic]]
*** [[Paleoproterozoic]]
**** [[Siderian]]
**** [[Rhyacian]]
**** [[Statherian]]
*** [[Mesoproterozoic]]
**** [[Stenian]]
*** [[Neoproterozoic]]
**** [[Tonian]]
**** [[Cryogenian]]
**** [[Ediacarian]]
* '''[[Paleozoic]]'''
** [[Cambrian]]
*** [[Cambrian Explosion]]
** [[Ordovician]]
** [[Silurian]]
** [[Devonian]]
** [[Carboniferous]]
** [[Permian]]
* '''[[Mesozoic]]'''
** [[Triassic]]
** [[Jurassic]]
** [[Cretaceous]]
* '''[[Cenozoic]]'''
** [[Paleogene]]
*** [[Paleocene]]
*** [[Eocene]]
*** [[Oligocene]]
** [[Neogene]]
*** [[Miocene]]
*** [[Pliocene]]
** [[Quaternary]]
*** [[Pleistocene]]
*** [[Holocene]]
**** [[Greenlandian]]
**** [[Northgrippian]]
**** [[Meghalayan]]
*** [[Anthropocene]]

===Russian Prehistoric Periods===
* [[Ediacarian|Vendian]]

==General periods==
{{Further|Human history}}
* [[Geologic time scale|'''Geologic Time''']] – Period prior to humans. 4.6 billion to 3 million years ago. (See "prehistoric periods" for more detail into this.)
* '''Primatomorphid Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Primatomorpha]]'', before this point, no even distantly human-like creatures would exist
* '''Primate Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Primate]]s''
* '''Simian Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Simiiformes]]''
* '''Hominoid Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Hominoidea]]''
* '''Hominid Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Hominidae]]''
**Distant signs of Human-like apes
* '''Homininaeid Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Homininae]]''
* '''Homininid Era''' – Period prior to the existence of ''[[Hominini]]''
* '''[[Prehistory]]''' – Period between the appearance of ''[[Homo]]'' ("humans"; [[Oldowan|first stone tools]] <abbr>c.</abbr> three million years ago) and the invention of writing systems (for the [[Ancient Near East]]: <abbr>c.</abbr> five thousand years ago).
** [[Paleolithic]] – the earliest period of the Stone Age
*** [[Lower Paleolithic]] – time of [[archaic human]] species, predates ''[[Homo sapiens]]''
*** [[Middle Paleolithic]] – coexistence of archaic and [[anatomically modern human]] species
*** [[Upper Paleolithic]] – [[Early human migrations|worldwide expansion]] of anatomically modern humans, the disappearance of archaic humans by extinction or [[Archaic human admixture with modern humans|admixture]] with modern humans; earliest [[Art of the Upper Paleolithic|evidence for pictorial art]].
** [[Mesolithic]] ([[Epipaleolithic]]) – a period in the development of human technology between the Palaeolithic and Neolithic periods.
** [[Neolithic]] – a period of primitive [[technological]] and [[social]] development, beginning about 10,200 BCE in parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world.
** [[Chalcolithic]] (or "Eneolithic", "Copper Age") – still largely Neolithic in character, when early [[copper]] [[metallurgy]] appeared alongside the use of stone tools.
** [[Bronze Age]] – not part of prehistory for all regions and civilizations who had adopted or developed a writing system.
*** [[History of Egypt|Ancient Egypt]]
** [[Iron Age]] – not part of prehistory for all civilizations who had introduced written records during the Bronze Age.
* '''[[Ancient history]]''' – Aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era. The span of [[recorded history]] is roughly five thousand years, beginning with the earliest linguistic records in the third millennium BCE in [[Sumer|Mesopotamia]] and [[Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)|Egypt]].
**'''[[Classical antiquity]]''' – Broad term for a long period of cultural history centered on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilizations of [[ancient Greece]] and [[ancient Rome]], collectively known as the [[Greco-Roman world]]. It is the period in which Greek and Roman society flourished and wielded great influence throughout Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
* '''[[Post-classical history]]''' – Period of time that immediately followed ancient history. Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years CE 200–600 and CE 1200–1500. The major classical civilizations that the era follows are [[Han dynasty|Han China]] (ending in 220), the [[Western Roman Empire]] (in 476), the [[Gupta Empire]] (in the 550s), and the [[Sasanian Empire]] (in 651).
** '''[[Middle Ages]]''' – Lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and is variously demarcated by historians as ending with the [[Fall of Constantinople]] in 1453, or the discovery of America by Columbus in 1492, merging into the [[Renaissance]] and the [[Age of Discovery]].
*** [[Early Middle Ages]]
*** [[High Middle Ages]]
*** [[Late Middle Ages]]
* '''[[Modern history]]''' – After the post-classical era
**'''[[Early modern period]]''' – The chronological limits of this period are open to debate. It emerges from the [[Late Middle Ages]] (c. 1500), demarcated by historians as beginning with the [[fall of Constantinople]] in 1453, in forms such as the [[Italian Renaissance]] in the West, the [[Ming dynasty]] in the East, and the rise of the [[Aztecs]] in the New World. The period ends with the beginning of the [[Age of Revolutions]].
** '''[[Late modern period]]''' – Began approximately in the mid-18th century; notable historical milestones included the [[French Revolution]], the [[American Revolution]], the [[Industrial Revolution]] and the [[Great Divergence]]
** '''[[Contemporary history]]''' – History within living memory. It shifts forward with the generations, and today is the span of historic events from approximately 1945 that are immediately relevant to the present time.

==Forms of modernity==
* [[Homo|Hominids archaeologically and anatomically similar or identical to modern humans]] (HAASMHs)
* [[Anatomically modern humans]] (AMHs)
* [[Postmodernism|Technologically modern humans]] (TMHs)

==Technological periods==
* '''[[Prehistory]]'''
** '''[[Paleolithic]]''' ([[Lower Paleolithic|Lower]], [[Middle Paleolithic|Middle]], [[Upper Paleolithic|Upper]])
** '''[[Mesolithic]]''' ([[Epipaleolithic]])
** '''[[Neolithic]]'''
** '''[[Chalcolithic]]''' (or "Eneolithic", "Copper Age")
* '''[[Ancient history]]''' (The Bronze and Iron Ages are not part of prehistory for all regions and civilizations who had adopted or developed a writing system.)
** '''[[Bronze Age]]'''
** '''[[Iron Age]]'''
* '''[[Late Middle Ages]]'''
** '''[[Renaissance]]'''
* '''[[Early modern period|Early modern history]]'''
* '''[[Modern history]]'''
** '''[[Industrial Age]]''' (1760–1970)
** '''[[Machine Age]]''' (1880–1945)
*** [[Age of Oil]] (1901–present)
*** [[Jet Age]] (1940s)
** '''[[Nuclear Age]]''' (a.k.a. '''Atomic Era''') (1945/1950–present)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-38381878|title=Big digs: The year 2016 in archaeology|last=Iles|first=Dr Louise|date=2016-12-30|newspaper=BBC News|access-date=2017-01-03|language=en-GB|archive-date=November 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117041806/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-38381878|url-status=live}}</ref>
** '''[[Space Age]]''' (1957–present)
** '''[[Information Age]]''' (1970–present)
*** [[Internet Age]] (1990–present)

==American (continent) periods==
{{Further|History of the Americas}}
'''Pre-Columbian America'''
* [[Mesoamerican chronology|Classic and Postclassic eras]], Central America (200–1519)
* [[Cultural periods of Peru|Early Intermediate, Middle Horizon, Late Intermediate, Late Horizon]] ([[Peru]], 200–1534)
** [[Huari culture|Huari]], [[Chimú]], [[Chincha Culture|Chincha]], [[Chanka people]], [[Tiwanaku]], [[Inca]]
'''Colonial America'''
* [[Baroque]] ([[New World]], 1600–1750)
* [[Spanish Empire|Spanish hegemony]] (Americas, 1492–1832)

==Australian periods==
{{Further|History of Australia}}

* [[Prehistory of Australia|Ancient Australia]], [[History of Indigenous Australians]] (between 65,000 and 50,000 BCE – 1788 CE)
* [[Age of Discovery]] [[European maritime exploration of Australia]] (1606–1802)
* [[Convicts in Australia|Convict era]] (1788–1868)
* [[Victorian era]] (1837–1901)
* [[Federation of Australia|Federation era]] (1890–1918)
* [[Military history of Australia during World War II|World War II]] (1939–1945)
* [[Second Elizabethan era]] (1952–2022)

==Southeast Asian periods==
{{Further|History of Southeast Asia}}
'''Archaic Southeast Asia'''
* [[Srivijaya]] ([[Indonesia]], 3rd – 14th centuries), [[Tarumanagara]] (358–723), [[Sailendra]] (8th and 9th centuries), [[Sunda Kingdom|Kingdom of Sunda]] (669–1579), [[Mataram Kingdom|Kingdom of Mataram]] (752–1045), [[Kediri (historical kingdom)|Kediri]] (1045–1221), [[Singhasari]] (1222–1292), [[Majapahit]] (1293–1500)
'''Modern Southeast Asia'''
* [[Chenla]] ([[Cambodia]], 630 – 802) and [[Khmer Empire]] ([[Cambodia]], 802–1432)
* [[Lý Nam Đế|Anterior Lý dynasty]] and [[Triệu Việt Vương]], [[Third Chinese domination (History of Vietnam)|Third Chinese domination]], [[Khúc Family]], [[Dương Đình Nghệ]], [[Kiều Công Tiễn]], [[Ngô dynasty]], [[The 12 Lords Rebellion]], [[Đinh dynasty]], [[Anterior Lê dynasty|Prior Lê dynasty]], [[Lý dynasty]], [[Trần dynasty]], [[Hồ dynasty]], [[Fourth Chinese domination (History of Vietnam)|Fourth Chinese domination]] ([[Vietnam]], 544–1427)

==Chinese periods==
{{Further|History of China}}
'''Bronze Age China'''
prechaic china{{clarify|date=June 2023}}
* [[Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors]] (2852–2070 BCE)
earliest dynastic china
* [[Xia dynasty]] (2070–1600 BCE)
'''Archaic China'''
archaicic china{{clarify|date=June 2023}}
* [[Shang dynasty]] (1600–1046 BCE)
* [[Zhou dynasty]] (1046–221 BCE)
** [[Western Zhou]] (1046–771 BCE)
** [[Eastern Zhou]] (771–221 BCE)
divistates of China{{clarify|date=June 2023}}
*** [[Spring and Autumn period]] (771–476 BCE)
*** [[Warring States period]] (476–221 BCE)
* [[Qin dynasty]] (221–206 BCE)
'''Antiquity'''
mid dynastic periods
* [[Han dynasty]] (206 BCE – 220 CE)
** [[Western Han]] (206 BCE – 2 CE)
** [[Xin dynasty]] (9–23 CE)
** [[Eastern Han]] (25–220 CE)
* [[Six Dynasties]] (220–580)
** [[Three Kingdoms]] (220–265)
** [[Jin dynasty (266–420)]]
** [[Southern and Northern Dynasties]] (420–580)
'''Medieval China'''
* [[Sui dynasty]] (580–618)
* [[Tang dynasty]] (623–907)
* [[Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period]] (907–960)
* [[Song dynasty]] (960–1279)
** [[Song dynasty#Northern Song, 960–1127|Northern Song]] (960–1127), [[Liao dynasty]] (907–1115)
** [[Western Xia]] dynasty (1038–1227)
** [[Song dynasty#Southern Song, 1127–1279|Southern Song]] (1127–1279), [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)]]
'''Mongol China'''
* [[Yuan dynasty]] (1271–1368)
'''Late Dynastic Period'''
* [[Ming dynasty]] (1368–1644)
* [[Qing dynasty]] (1644–1911)
'''Modern China'''
* [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] (1912–1949)
** [[Xinhai Revolution]] (1911–1912)
** [[Warlord Era]] (1918–1927)
'''Contemporary China'''
* [[Chinese Civil War]] (1927–1936/1946–1950)
* [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] (1937–1945)
'''Post-Contemporary China'''{{clarify|date=June 2023}}
* [[China|People's Republic of China]] and [[Taiwan]] (1949–present)

==Central Asian periods==
{{Further|History of Mongolia}}

'''Antiquity'''
* [[Xiongnu]] ([[Mongolia]], 220 BCE – CE 200)
'''Medieval Central Asia'''
* [[Rouran Khaganate]] (Mongolia, [[Manchuria]], [[Xianbei]], CE 330 – 555)
** [[Sixteen Kingdoms]] (Xianbei, [[Turkic peoples]], 304–439)
* [[Uyghur Khaganate]] (Mongolia, Manchuria, [[Tibet]], 744–848)
* [[Liao dynasty]] ([[Khitan people]], 907–1125)
'''Imperial Central Asia'''
* [[Mongol Empire]] (Mongolia, 1206–1380)
** [[Yuan Dynasty]] of [[China]] (≈1250 – ≈1350)
** [[Golden Horde]] (≈1250 – 1380)
'''Modern Central Asia'''
* [[Qing dynasty]] (Manchu China, 1692–1911)

==Egyptian periods==
{{Further|History of Egypt}}

'''[[Prehistoric Egypt]]''' (pre-3150 BCE)
'''Dynastic Period'''
* [[Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)|Early Dynastic Period]] or Archaic Period (two dynasties) (3150 BCE – 2686 BCE)
* [[Old Kingdom]] (four dynasties) (2686 BCE – 2181 BCE)
* [[First Intermediate Period of Egypt|First Intermediate Period]] (four dynasties) (2181 BCE – 2055 BCE)
* [[Middle Kingdom of Egypt|Middle Kingdom]] (three dynasties) (2055 BCE – 1650 BCE)
* [[Second Intermediate Period of Egypt|Second Intermediate Period]] (four dynasties) (1650 BCE – 1550 BCE)
* [[New Kingdom of Egypt|New Kingdom]] (three dynasties) (1550 BCE – 1069 BCE)
* [[Third Intermediate Period of Egypt|Third Intermediate Period]] (five dynasties) (1069 BCE – 664 BCE)
'''Antiquity'''
* [[Late Period of ancient Egypt|Late Period of Ancient Egypt]] (six dynasties: of these six, two were Persian dynasties that ruled from capitals distant from Egypt) (664 BCE – c. 332 BCE)
* [[Ptolemaic Kingdom|Argead and Ptolemaic dynasties]] (332 BCE – 30 BCE)
* [[Egypt (Roman province)|Aegyptus]] (fifteen Roman dynasties that ruled from capitals distant from Egypt) (30 BCE – 641 CE)
** [[Sasanian Egypt]] (one dynasty) (619–629)
* [[Coptic period]] (300 CE – 900 CE)
'''Islamic Egypt'''
* Egypt under four foreign Arabic dynasties that ruled from capitals distant from Egypt
** [[Rashidun Caliphate|Rashidun Egypt]] (641–661)
** [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad Egypt]] (661–750)
** [[Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasid Egypt]] (750–868 and 905–935)
'''Medieval Egypt'''
* [[Tulunids|Tulunid dynasty]] (868–905)
* [[Ikhshidids|Ikhshidid dynasty]] (935–969)
* [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid Dynasty]] (969–1171)
* [[Ayyubid Dynasty]] (1171–1250)
* [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk dynasties]] (1250–1517)
** [[Bahri dynasty]] (1250–1382)
** [[Burji dynasty]] (1382–1517)
'''Modern Egypt'''
* [[Egypt Eyalet|Ottoman Egypt]] (Turk dynasty that ruled from a capital distant from Egypt) (1517–1867)
* [[History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty|Muhammad Ali dynasty]] (1805–1953)
** [[Khedivate of Egypt]] (1867–1914)
** [[Sultanate of Egypt]] (1914–1922)
'''Contemporary Egypt'''
** [[Kingdom of Egypt]] (1922–1953)
* [[Arab Republic of Egypt|Republican Egypt]] (1953–present)

==European periods==
{{Further|History of Europe}}

* '''[[Bronze Age]]''' (c. 3000 BCE – c. 1050 BCE)
** Early Aegean Civilization ([[Crete]], [[Greece]] and [[Near East]]; c. 3000 BCE – c. 1050 BCE)<ref>The area had settlements as far back as 9000 BC; see [[Timeline of ancient Greece]]</ref>
* '''[[Iron Age]]''' (c. 1050 BCE – c. 500 CE)
** Greek expansion and colonization (c. 1050 BCE – 776 BCE)
** '''[[Archaic Greece]]''' (776 BCE – 480 BCE) – begins with the First Olympiad, traditionally dated 776 BCE
*** Archaic period (776 BCE – 612 BCE) – the establishment of city-states in Greece
*** Pre-classical period (612 BCE – 480 BCE) – the fall of [[Nineveh]] to the second Persian invasion of Greece
** '''[[Classical antiquity]]''' (480 BCE – 476 CE)
*** [[Classical Greece]] (480 BCE – 338 BCE)
*** [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonian era]] (338 BCE – 323 BCE)
*** [[Hellenistic Greece]] (323 BCE – 146 BCE)
*** [[Roman Republic#Late Republic|Late Roman Republic]] (147 BCE – 27 BCE)
*** [[Principate|Principate of the Roman Empire]] (27 BCE – 284 CE)
*** [[Late Antiquity]] (284 CE – 500 CE)
** '''[[Migration Period]]''' (Europe, 300 CE – 700 CE)
* '''[[Middle Ages]]''' (Europe, 476–1453)
** [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine era]] (330–1453)
** [[Early Middle Ages]] (Europe, 476–1066)
*** [[Viking Age]] ([[Scandinavia]], Europe, 793–1066)
** [[High Middle Ages]] (Europe, 1066 – c. 1300)
** [[Late Middle Ages]] (Europe, c. 1300 – 1453)
** [[The Renaissance]] (Europe, c. 1300 – c. 1601)
* '''[[Early modern Europe|Early modern period]]''' (Europe, 1453–1789)
** [[Age of Discovery]] (or Exploration) (Europe, c. 1400 – 1770)
** [[Polish Golden Age]] (Poland, 1507–1572)
** [[Golden Age of Piracy]] (1650–1730)
** [[Tudor period]] (England, 1485–1603)
*** [[Elizabethan era]] (England, 1558–1603)
** [[Stuart period]] (British Isles, 1603–1714)
*** [[Jacobean era]] (British Isles, 1603–1625)
*** [[Caroline era]] (British Isles, 1625–1649)
*** [[British Interregnum]] (British Isles, 1649–1660)
*** [[Stuart Restoration]] (British Isles, 1660–1714)
**** [[Carolean era]] (British Isles, 1660–1685)
** [[Protestant Reformation]] (Europe, 16th century)
** [[Classicism]] (Europe, 16th – 18th centuries)
** [[Industrious Revolution]], (Europe, 16th – 18th centuries)
** [[Peter the Great|Petrine Era]] (Russia, 1689–1725)
** [[Age of Enlightenment]] (or Reason) (Europe, 18th century)
** [[Scientific Revolution]] (Europe, 18th century)
* '''[[Long nineteenth century]]''' (1789–1914)
** [[Georgian era]] (the United Kingdom, 1714–1830)
** [[Industrial Revolution]] (Europe, United States, and elsewhere 18th and 19th centuries, though with its beginnings in Britain)
** Age of European [[colonialism]] and [[imperialism]]
** [[Romanticism|Romantic era]] (1770–1850)
** [[Napoleonic era]] (1799–1815)
** [[Victorian era]] (the United Kingdom, 1837–1901); [[British Empire|British hegemony]] (1815–1914) much of world, around the same time period.
** [[Edwardian era]] (the United Kingdom, 1901–1914)
* [[World War I|First]], [[interwar period]] and [[World War II|Second World Wars]] (1914–1945)
** [[Interwar Britain]] (United Kingdom, 1918–1939)
* [[Cold War]] (1945–1991)
* [[Postmodernity|Post-Cold War]] (1991–present)

==Iranian periods==
{{Further|History of Iran}}
'''[[Prehistory of Iran|Prehistoric Iran]]'''

'''Ancient age''':
* [[Achaemenid Empire]] (550 –330 BCE)
* [[Wars of Alexander the Great|Greek occupation of Persia]] (330 –312 BCE):
* [[Seleucid Empire]] (312 – 63 BCE)
* [[Parthian Empire]] (247 BCE – 224 CE)
* [[Sassanid Empire]] (224 – 651 CE)

'''Medieval age''':
* [[Muslim conquest of Persia|Persia under Caliphates]] (651 – 820 CE)
* [[Iranian Intermezzo]] (c.820 – 1037): [[Tahirid dynasty|Tahirids]] (821 to 873), [[Saffarid dynasty|Saffarids]] (861 to 1003), [[Samanid Empire|Samanids]] (819 to 999) and [[Buyid dynasty|Buyids]] (934 to 1062)
* [[Seljuk Empire]] (1037–1194)
* [[Khwarazmian Empire]] (1194–1219)
* [[Mongol invasion of Persia|Mongol occupation of Persia]] (1219 –1256)
* [[Ilkhanate]] (1256–1335)
* Disintegration of the Ilkhanate (1335–1370): [[Jalayirid Sultanate|Jalayirids]], [[Chobanids]], [[Muzaffarids (Iran)|Muzaffarids]], [[Injuids]], [[Sarbadars]], and [[Kart dynasty|Kartids]]
* [[Timurid Empire]] (1370–1507) and [[Aq Qoyunlu]] (1378–1501)

'''Modern age''':
* [[Safavid Iran]] (1501–1736)
* [[Afsharid Iran]] (1736 –c.1750)
* [[Zand dynasty|Zand Iran]] (1750–1794)
* [[Qajar Iran]] (1794–1925)
* [[Pahlavi Iran]] (1925–1979)
* [[Iran|Islamic Republic of Iran]] (1979–present)

==Indian periods==
{{Further|History of India}}

[[File:Timeline of Indian history.jpg|600px|Timeline of Indian history.]]

* '''[[South Asian Stone Age]]'''
** [[Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation|Pre-Harappan]]
*** [[Mehrgarh]]
* '''[[Bronze Age India|South Asian Bronze Age]]''' (3340 BCE – 1350 BCE)
** [[Indus Valley civilization]]
*** [[Early Harappan]]
*** [[Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation|Early Mature Harappan]]
*** [[Mature Harappan]]
*** [[Late Harappan]]
**** [[Punjab Phase]]
**** [[Jhukar Phase]]
**** [[Rangpur Phase]]
*** [[Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation|Final Harappan]]
* '''[[Iron Age in India|South Asian Iron Age]]''' (1350 BCE – 200 BCE)
** ''[[Vedic period]]'' (1350 BCE – 500 BCE): [[Mahajanapadas]]
** ''[[Magadha period]]'' (c.500 BCE – c.750 CE): [[Nanda Empire|Nandas]], [[Mauryan empire|Mauryans]], [[Shunga Empire|Shungas]]
* '''[[classical India|Classical Age in India]]''' (200 BCE – 500 CE)
** ''[[Sangam period]]'' (300 BCE – 600 CE): [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]], [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukyas]], [[Pallava dynasty|Pallavas]] and [[Pandya dynasty|Pandyans]]
** ''[[Golden Age of India|Golden period]]'': [[Kushan empire|Kushans]] (50 CE – 220 CE), [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahanas]] (230 BCE – 220 CE), [[Gupta empire|Guptas]] (320 CE – 535 CE) and [[Vakataka dynasty|Vakatakas]] (300CE – 650 CE)
* '''[[Medieval India|Medieval Age in India]]''' (500–1526)
** ''[[Tripartite struggle|Tripartite period]]'' (c.750 – c.900): [[Pala Empire|Palas]], [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakutas]] and [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Gurjaras]]
** ''[[Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent|Muslim period]]'' (712–1857): [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi]], [[Bengal Sultanate|Bengal]], [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahmani]] and [[Gujarat Sultanate|Gujarat sultanates]]
** [[Vijayanagara empire]] (1336–1646), [[Gajapati Empire|Gajapati empire]] (1434–1541) and [[kingdom of Mewar]] (1325–1448)
* '''Modern Age in India''' (1526 – present)
** [[Mughal empire]] (1526–1857)
** [[Maratha empire]] (1674–1818)
** ''[[Colonial India|Colonial period]]'': [[British Raj]] (1858 – 1947)
** [[History of the Republic of India|Independence]] (1947 – present)

==Japanese periods==
{{Further|History of Japan}}

'''Archaic Japan'''
* [[Jōmon period]] (10,501 BCE – 400 BCE)
* [[Yayoi period]] (450 BCE – 250 CE)
* [[Kofun period]] (250–600)
'''Medieval Japan'''
* [[Asuka period]] (643–710)
* [[Nara period]] (743–794)
* [[Heian period]] (795–1185)
* [[Kamakura period]] (1185–1333)
'''Samurai Japan'''
* [[Muromachi period]] (1333–1573){{sfn|Bowman|2000|pages=118–161}}
* [[Azuchi–Momoyama period]] (1573–1603)
'''Modern Japan'''
* [[Edo period]] (1603–1868)
* [[Meiji period]] (1868–1912)
* [[Taishō period]] (1912–1926)
'''Contemporary Japan'''
* [[Shōwa period]] (1926–1989)
** [[Post-occupation Japan|Post-occupation era]] (1952 – present)
* [[Heisei period]] (1989–2019)
* [[Reiwa period]] (2019–present)

==Iraqi periods==
{{Further|History of the Middle East|History of Mesopotamia}}
* '''Archaic Period'''
* [[Mesopotamia]]
** [[Samarra culture]]
** [[Hassuna culture]]
** [[Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period]]
** [[Ubaid period]]
** [[Uruk period]]
** [[Jemdet Nasr period]] (3100 BCE – 2900 BCE)
** [[Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)|Early Dynastic Period]] (2900 BCE – 2270 BCE)
** [[Akkadian Empire]] (2270 BCE – 2083 BCE)
** [[Gutian dynasty of Sumer|Gutian dynasty]] (2083 BCE – 2050 BCE)
** [[Third Dynasty of Ur|Ur III period]] (2050 BCE – 1940 BCE)
** [[First Babylonian dynasty]] (1830 BCE – 1531 BCE), [[Hittites]] (1800 BCE – 1178 BCE)
** [[Kassites]] (1531 BCE – 1135 BCE), [[Mitanni]] (1500 BCE – 1300 BCE)
** [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]] (934 BCE – 609 BCE)
** [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]] (626 BCE – 539 BCE), [[Medes]] (678 BCE – 549 BCE)
'''Imperial Period'''
* [[Persian Empire]]s (550 BCE – 651 CE)
** [[Achaemenid Empire]] (550 BCE – 330 BCE)
** Conquered by [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)#Empire|Macedonian Empire]] (330 BCE – 312 BCE)
** [[Seleucid Empire]] (312 BCE – 63 BCE)
** [[Parthian Empire]] (247 BCE – 224 CE)
** [[Sasanian Empire]] (224 CE – 651 CE)
'''Islamic Period'''
* [[Islamicate]] periods<ref name="Hodgson"/> (7th – 21st centuries{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}})
** ''High Caliphate'' (685–945)<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=BMxVDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT53 A Concise History of the Middle East]'' (2015), p. 53.</ref>
** ''Earlier Middle Period'' (945–1250)<ref name="Hodgson">''[https://books.google.com/books?id=LKO5GRC8j1MC&pg=PA3 The Venture of Islam, Volume 2: The Expansion of Islam in the Middle Periods]'' (1974), p. 3.</ref>
** ''Later Middle Period'' (1250–1500)<ref name="Hodgson"/>
** [[Rashidun Caliphate]] (632–661)
** [[Umayyad Caliphate]] (661–750)
** [[Abbasid Caliphate]] (750–1258), [[Fatimid Caliphate]] (909–1171)
*** [[Buyid dynasty]] (934–1055)
*** [[Seljuq dynasty]] (1055–1171)
*** [[Ayyubid dynasty]] (1171–1341)
** [[Ottoman Empire]] (1300–1923)
** [[Safavid dynasty|Safavid Empire]] (1501–1736)
** [[Iraq|Modern Iraq]] (1923–present)

==Libyan periods==
'''Prehistoric Libya'''
* Prehistoric Libya (pre-600 BCE)
'''Early Libya'''
* Carthaginian Libya (600 BCE – 200 BCE)
* Roman Libya (200 BCE – 487 CE)
* Vandal Libya (487 CE – ≈600 CE)
* Islamic Libya (≈600 – ≈1200)
* Ottoman Libya (≈1600 – ≈1900)
'''Modern Libya'''
* Colonial Libya (≈1900 – ≈1950)
* Libya as an independent country
** Early Independent Era
** [[Libyan Arab Republic]] (September 1969–1977)
** [[Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]
** Contemporary Libya (2011–present)

==Mexican periods==
'''Prehistoric Mexico and Ancient Mexico'''
* Mayans (3000 BC – 600 CE)
* Aztecs (1000 BC – 1492)
'''Modern Mexico'''
* Spanish Mexico (1492–1850)
* Contemporary Mexico (1850–present)

==United States historical periods==
{{Further|History of the United States}}

'''Pre-Colonial era'''
* [[Lithic stage]]
* [[Archaic stage]]
* [[Formative stage]]
* [[Classic stage]]
* [[Post-Classic stage]]

'''[[Thirteen Colonies|Thirteen British Colonies]] (1607–1775)'''

'''[[United Colonies]] (1775-1781)'''
* [[American Revolutionary War]]

'''[[Confederation period]] (1781-1789)'''

'''[[First Party System]] (1789–1824)'''
* [[Federalist Era]] (1789–1800)
* [[Jeffersonian democracy]] (1790s–1820s)
* [[Era of Good Feelings]] (1817–1825)

'''[[Second Party System]] (1824–1856)'''
* [[Jacksonian democracy]] (1825–1854)
* [[History of the United States (1849–1865)|Civil War Era]] (1849–1865)

'''[[Third Party System]] (1856–1896)'''
* [[History of the United States (1849–1865)|Civil War Era]] (1849–1865)
* [[Reconstruction era]] (1865–1877) (Some of this time period is known as the "[[Old West]]".)
* [[Gilded Age]] (1877–1896)

'''[[Fourth Party System]] (1896–1932)'''
* [[Progressive Era]] (1896–1917)
* [[United States in World War I]] (1917–1918)
* [[Roaring Twenties]] (1920–1929)

'''[[Fifth Party System]] (1932–1980)'''
* [[Great Depression in the United States|Great Depression]] (1929–1939)
* [[United States home front during World War II]] (1942–1945)
* [[History of the United States (1945–1964)|Post-World War II]] (1945–1964)
* [[Civil rights movement|Civil Rights Movement]] (1954–1968)
* [[United States in the Vietnam War]] (1955–1973)

'''[[Sixth Party System]] (1980–present)'''
* [[Reagan Era]] (1980–1991)
* [[History of the United States (1991–2008)|Post-Cold War period]] (1991–2008)
* [[History of the United States (2008–present)|Contemporary United States]] (2008-present)

==See also==
* [[Art of Europe]]
* [[Geologic time scale]]
* [[List of fossil sites]] with link directory.
* [[List of timelines]] around the world.
* [[Logarithmic timeline]] shows all history on one page in ten lines.
* [[Orders of magnitude (time)]]
* [[Periodization]] for a discussion of the tendency to try to fit history into non-overlapping periods.
* [[Time]]
** [[Planck Time]]
** [[Jiffy_(time)|Jiffy]]
** [[Second (time)|Second]]
*** [[Millisecond]]
*** [[Microsecond]]
*** [[Nanosecond]]
** [[Minute]]
** [[Hour]]
** [[Day]]
** [[Week]]
*** [[Fortnight]]
** [[Month]]
** [[Year]]
*** [[Olympiad]]
*** [[Lustrum]]
*** [[Decade]]
*** [[Century]]
*** [[Millennium]]

==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources cited===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Bowman |first=John S. |title = Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture |year=2000 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |location=New York City |isbn = 0231500041 |url = https://archive.org/details/columbiachronolo00john |url-access=registration }}
{{refend}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Time periods, List of}}
[[Category:History]]
[[Category:Historical timelines]]
[[Category:History-related lists]]

List of time periods - Revision history

Sylvester41C: basic reworked section to improve readability additionally and cleaned formatting

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article