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			{{short description\|None}}

	Seabirds are avian species that have high affinity towards open oceans. They spend most of their time in the open waters and return to land only for breeding and rearing their brood. [[Goa]], a west coast state of India, unlike other states of India, has very little ornithological history during its occupancy by [[Portugal\|Portuguese]] and virtually no history of seabird records except the effort of Heinz Lainer, a Goa-based ornithologist. Recent studies undertaken through off-shore surveys by the [[Goa Bird Conservation Network]], an NGO based in Goa, has given a start to understanding these lesser known species. A total of 25 species of seabirds have been reported from the state.<ref>{{Cite journal\|author=Baidya, P., Bhagat, M., Dharwadkar, O., & Gauns, H.\|title=Seabirds of Goa, India: Recent updates\|url=http://indianbirds.in/pdfs/IB_13_1_BaidyaETAL_SeabirdsOfGoa.pdf\|journal=Indian Birds\|volume=13 \|issue=1\|pages=8–17}}</ref>		Seabirds are avian species that have high affinity towards open oceans. They spend most of their time in the open waters and return to land only for breeding and rearing their brood. [[Goa]], a west coast state of India, unlike other states of India, has very little ornithological history during its occupancy by [[Portugal\|Portuguese]] and virtually no history of seabird records except the effort of Heinz Lainer, a Goa-based ornithologist. Recent studies undertaken through off-shore surveys by the [[Goa Bird Conservation Network]], an NGO based in Goa, has given a start to understanding these lesser known species. A total of 25 species of seabirds have been reported from the state.<ref>{{Cite journal\|author=Baidya, P., Bhagat, M., Dharwadkar, O., & Gauns, H.\|title=Seabirds of Goa, India: Recent updates\|url=http://indianbirds.in/pdfs/IB_13_1_BaidyaETAL_SeabirdsOfGoa.pdf\|journal=Indian Birds\|volume=13 \|issue=1\|pages=8–17}}</ref>

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	[[Category:Goa-related lists]]		[[Category:Goa-related lists]]
	[[Category:Environment of Goa]]		[[Category:Environment of Goa]]
	[[Category:Birds of the Indian Ocean]]		[[Category:Birds of the Indian Ocean\| ]]

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2020-12-21T04:03:35Z

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Seabirds are avian species that have high affinity towards open oceans. They spend most of their time in the open waters and return to land only for breeding and rearing their brood. [[Goa]], a west coast state of India, unlike other states of India, has very little ornithological history during its occupancy by [[Portugal|Portuguese]] and virtually no history of seabird records except the effort of Heinz Lainer, a Goa-based ornithologist. Recent studies undertaken through off-shore surveys by the [[Goa Bird Conservation Network]], an NGO based in Goa, has given a start to understanding these lesser known species. A total of 25 species of seabirds have been reported from the state.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Baidya, P., Bhagat, M., Dharwadkar, O., & Gauns, H.|title=Seabirds of Goa, India: Recent updates|url=http://indianbirds.in/pdfs/IB_13_1_BaidyaETAL_SeabirdsOfGoa.pdf|journal=Indian Birds|volume=13 |issue=1|pages=8–17}}</ref>

== Tropicbirds ==
[[File:Red-billed Tropicbird Goa.jpg|thumb|197x197px|Red-billed tropicbird juvenile off Goa coast]]
'''Order''': [[Phaethontiformes]] '''Family:''' [[Tropicbird|Phaethontidae]]

'''Tropicbirds''' are a [[Family (biology)|family]], '''Phaethontidae''', of tropical [[Pelagic zone#Pelagic birds|pelagic]] [[seabird]]s. They are the sole living representatives of the order [[Phaethontiformes]]. For many years they were considered part of the Pelecaniformes, but genetics indicates they are most closely related to the [[Eurypygiformes]]. There are three species in one [[genus]] of which one has been listed from Goa.
* [[Red-billed tropicbird]], ''Phaethon aethereus''

== Storm petrels ==
[[Wilson's storm petrel]] '''Order''': [[Procellariiformes]] '''Family''': [[Hydrobatidae]]

The [[storm petrel]]s are relatives of the [[petrel]]s and are the smallest seabirds. They feed on [[plankton]]ic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes [[bat]]-like. There are 6 species which occur in India and two in Goa.
* [[Wilson's storm petrel]], ''Oceanites oceanicus''
* [[Swinhoe's storm petrel]], ''Hydrobates monorhis''

== Shearwaters and petrels ==
'''Order''': [[Procellariiformes]] '''Family''': [[Procellariidae]]

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary. There are 11 species which occur in India and 3 in Goa.
* [[Jouanin's petrel]], ''Bulweria fallax''
* [[Persian shearwater]], ''Puffinus persicus''
* [[Flesh-footed shearwater]], ''Ardenna carneipes ''

== Frigatebirds ==
'''Order''': [[Suliformes]] '''Family''': [[Fregatidae]]

[[Frigatebird]]s are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 3 species which occur in India and 2 species in Goa.
* [[Great frigatebird]], ''Fregata minor''
* [[Lesser frigatebird]], ''Fregata ariel''

== Boobies and gannets ==
[[File:Masked Booby Juvenile.jpg|thumb|Masked booby juvenile off Goa coast]]
'''Order''': [[Suliformes]] '''Family''': [[Sulidae]]

The sulids comprise the [[gannet]]s and [[Booby|boobies]]. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 4 species which occur in India and 3 in Goa.
* [[Masked booby]], ''Sula dactylatra''
* [[Brown booby]], ''Sula leucogaster''
* [[Red-footed booby]], ''Sula sula''

== Sandpipers and allies ==
'''Order''': [[Charadriiformes]] '''Family''': [[Scolopacidae]]

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the [[sandpiper]]s, [[curlew]]s, [[godwit]]s, [[Tringa|shanks]], [[Tattler (bird)|tattlers]], [[woodcock]]s, [[snipe]]s, [[dowitcher]]s and [[phalarope]]s. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. Of these phalaropes are considered as seabirds. Phalaropes are close relatives of the [[Tringa|shanks]] and [[Tattler (bird)|tattlers]], the ''[[Actitis]]'' and [[Terek sandpiper]]s, and also of the [[turnstone]]s and [[calidrid]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Van Tuinen|first=Marcel|last2=Waterhouse|first2=David|last3=J. Dyke|first3=Gareth|date=2004-05-01|title=Avian molecular systematics on the rebound: a fresh look at modern shorebird phylogenetic relationships|journal=Journal of Avian Biology|language=en|volume=35|issue=3|pages=191–194|doi=10.1111/j.0908-8857.2004.03362.x|issn=1600-048X}}</ref> They are especially notable for two things: their unusual nesting behavior, and their unique feeding technique. There is one species which has been reported from Goa.
* [[Red-necked phalarope]], ''Phalaropus lobatus''

== Skuas ==
The '''skuas''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|k|j|uː|ə}}) are a group of [[seabird]]s with about seven species forming the [[Family (biology)|family]] '''Stercorariidae''' and the [[genus]] '''''Stercorarius'''''. The three smaller skuas are called '''jaegers'''. There are two species of [[skua]]s that have been reported from Goa.
* [[Parasitic jaeger]] or Arctic skua, ''Stercorarius parasiticus''
* [[Pomarine jaeger]] or pomarine skua, ''Stercorarius pomarinus''

== Gulls ==
'''Order''': [[Charadriiformes]] '''Family''': [[Laridae]]

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the [[gull]]s and [[kittiwake]]s. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.
* [[Brown noddy]], ''Anous stolidus''
* [[Sooty gull]], ''Ichthyaetus hemprichi''
* [[Black-legged kittiwake]], ''Rissa tridactyla''

== Terns ==
'''Order''': [[Charadriiformes]] '''Family''': [[Sternidae]]

[[Tern]]s are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.
* [[Sooty tern]], ''Sterna fuscata''
* [[Bridled tern]], ''Sterna anaethetus''
* [[Roseate tern]] ''Sterna dougallii''
* [[Common tern]], ''Sterna hirundo''
* [[White-cheeked tern]] ''Sterna repressa''
* [[Lesser crested tern]], ''Thalasseus bengalensis''
* [[Sandwich tern]], ''Thalasseus sandvicensis''
* [[Great crested tern]], ''Thalasseus bergii''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Images ==

{{DEFAULTSORT:Seabirds of Goa}}
[[Category:Goa-related lists]]
[[Category:Environment of Goa]]
[[Category:Birds of the Indian Ocean]]

List of seabirds of Goa - Revision history

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