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{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Leslie Warner Yule Campbell
| honorific_suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CMG}}
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| birth_date = 24 August 1867
| birth_place = [[Lee, Kent|Lee]], UK
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| death_date = 26 July 1946
| death_place = [[Kent]], UK
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| allegiance ={{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Empire]]
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| rank = Brigadier general
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| unit = [[89th Punjabis]]
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{{tree list}}
* [[Tirah campaign]]
* [[World War I]]
** [[Invasion of Cheikh Said]]
** [[Gallipoli campaign]]
** [[Raid on the Suez Canal]]
** [[Battle of Loos]]
** [[Siege of Kut]]
** [[Fall of Baghdad (1917)]]
* [[Third Anglo-Afghan War]]
{{tree list/end}}
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| awards = [[Order of the White Eagle (Serbia)]]
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Brigadier-General '''Leslie Warner Yule Campbell''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CMG}} (24 August 1867 – 26 July 1946) was a [[British Indian Army]] officer. He served as a press correspondent during the [[Tirah campaign]], and was commandant [[89th Punjabis]] in the [[First World War]], participating in the [[Invasion of Cheikh Said]], the [[Gallipoli campaign]], the [[raid on the Suez Canal]], [[Battle of Loos]], [[Siege of Kut]], [[Fall of Baghdad (1917)|siege of Baghdad]], and action at [[Jabal Al Harim]]. He later saw action in the [[Third Anglo-Afghan War]]. In 1919 during [[martial law]] in [[Punjab]], he created the [[Salaaming Order]].

==Early life and education==
Leslie Campbell was born in [[Lee, Kent|Lee]], [[Kent]], on 24 August 1867, one of six children to [[Alexander Henry Edward Campbell]] and his wife Sarah Eliza (née Clarke).<ref name=Durie2022>{{cite book |last1=Durie |first1=Betty |last2=Campbell |first2=Angus |title=The Fairfield Campbells:Their Part in the Rise and Fall of Empire |date=2022 |publisher=CaroleMcT Books |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oo-cEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT124|chapter=15. Amritsar|pages=124-138|language=en}}</ref><ref name=Temple1925>{{cite book |last1=Temple |first1=Richard C. |title=Records of clan Campbell in the military service of the Honourable East India company, 1600-1858; compiled by Major Sir Duncan Campbell of Barcaldine ... with a foreword and index by Lt.-Col. Sir Richard C. Temple ... |date=1925 |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co. |location=London |pages=lxvi, 19 |url=https://archive.org/details/recordsofclancam00camp/page/n71/mode/2up}}</ref> Some of his childhood was spent in [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]], where he had his early schooling.<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name="Seaver1971">{{cite book |last1=Seaver |first1=Jesse Montgomery |title=Campbell Family History |date=1971 |publisher=American Genealogical Research Institute |page=36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G_UbAAAAYAAJ? |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Orders>{{cite book |title=Orders, Decorations, Medals and Militaria |date=2017 |publisher=Dix Noonan Webb |pages=12, 345 |url=https://archive.org/details/ordersdecorationsmedals2017dixn/page/n11/mode/2up}}</ref> Between 1882 and 1885 he attended [[Cheltenham College]], before gaining a place at [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Royal Military College]], Sandhurst.<ref name=Cheltenham1890>{{cite book |title=Cheltenham College Register, 1841-1889 |date=1890 |publisher=Bell |location=London |page=365 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4PwBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA365 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Chelt1946>"Death of O.C.", ''The Gloucestershire Echo'', Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. · Thursday 05 September 1946, p.4</ref>

==Military career==
In 1886, Campbell was commissioned as a [[lieutenant]] in the [[King's Own Scottish Borderers]], later transferring to the [[Sherwood Foresters]].<ref name=Temple1925/><ref name=Orders/> In 1888, he joined the [[Madras Army|Madras Staff Corps]] as a lieutenant, later attaining the rank of captain in the [[Indian Staff Corps]] in 1897.<ref name=Orders/> During a period of leave, he served as a press correspondent in the [[Tirah campaign]] between October 1897 and April 1898, under Generals [[William Lockhart (Indian Army officer)|William Lockhart]] and [[Richard Westmacott (Indian Army officer)|Richard Westmacott]].<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name=Orders/> From October 1902 to May 1904, he was employed as [[Adjutant general|senior military administrator]] for [[musket|musketry]], and from 1 June 1904 until 1907, he held the position of [[Brigade Major]].<ref name=Orders/>

In the [[First World War]], Campbell served as Commandant of the [[89th Punjabis]], participating in the [[Invasion of Cheikh Said]], as well as the [[Gallipoli campaign]], the [[raid on the Suez Canal]], [[Battle of Loos]], [[Siege of Kut]], [[Fall of Baghdad (1917)|siege of Baghdad]], and action at [[Jabal Al Harim]].<ref name=Temple1925/><ref name=Orders/> He later saw action in the [[Third Anglo-Afghan War]].<ref name=Temple1925/><ref name=Orders/>

In 1918, Campbell was stationed in [[Sialkot]] as [[general officer commanding]] (GOC).<ref name=Durie2022/><ref>{{cite web |title=3rd Battalion 32nd Sikh Pioneers - Researching WW1 Soldiers |url=http://www.researchingww1.co.uk/3rd-battalion-32nd-pioneers |website=Researching the Lives and Service Records of First World War Soldiers |access-date=26 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250826150245/https://www.researchingww1.co.uk/3rd-battalion-32nd-pioneers|archive-date=26 August 2025}}</ref> The following year he was in charge of [[martial law]] at [[Gujarat]], [[Gujranwala]], and [[Faisalabad|Lyallpur]], when he issued the [[Salaaming Order]], requiring Indians to salute British officers.<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name=Ilahi2020>{{cite book |last1=Ilahi |first1=Shereen |title=Imperial Violence and the Path to Independence: India, Ireland and the Crisis of Empire |date=2020 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-1-350-15306-6 |chapter=Punjab disturbances: Martial law and "fancy punishments"|pages=58-70 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BQBbEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA58 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Echo1920>{{cite news |title=Echo of Amritsar, Government of India censures Officers|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000104/19200918/204/0009|access-date=26 August 2025 |work=Western Mail |date=18 September 1920 |page=9|via=British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=Gandhi1965>{{cite book |last1=Gandhi |first1=Mahatma |title=The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi: Feb.-June 1920 |date=1965 |publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MX2GAAAAIAAJ |language=en|pages=258-274}}</ref> The order was condemned by the Hunter Commission as humiliating, and Campbell was censured by the [[British Raj|British Government]].<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name=Hansard>{{cite web |title=Action Against Punjab Officials - Hansard - UK Parliament |url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1920-10-27/debates/c7fbf425-c1ef-4724-84c8-668e48add692/ActionAgainstPunjabOfficials |website=hansard.parliament.uk |access-date=26 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250826162319/https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1920-10-27/debates/c7fbf425-c1ef-4724-84c8-668e48add692/ActionAgainstPunjabOfficials|archive-date=26 August 2025|language=en}}</ref> In the official inquiry following the [[Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre]] and other Punjab disturbances, he was not called as a witness before the Hunter Committee, though his colleagues including [[Aubrey J. O'Brien]] and [[Arnold Chadwick Doveton|A. C. Doveton]] defended his actions.<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name=Report1920>{{cite book |last1=Committee |first1=India Disorders Inquiry |title=Report of the Committee Appointed by the Government of India to Investigate the Disturbances in the Punjab |date=1920 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |page=171 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WOk2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA171 |language=en}}</ref> He retired in December 1921 and moved back to England, where he bought Badshot House in [[Badshot Lea]].<ref name=Durie2022/>

==Personal and family==
In 1890 in [[Vellore]], Campbell married Marjorie Merial Wroughton, with whom he had six children, two who died young.<ref name=Durie2022/> Marjorie died from cancer in 1911, and 16 years later he married a widow known as Cilla.<ref name=Durie2022/>

==Honours and awards==
Campbell was [[mentioned in dispatches]] four times in total.<ref name=Temple1925/><ref name=Orders/> In 1916 he was awarded the [[Order of St Michael and St George]].<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name=Orders/> The following year he received the Serbian [[Order of the White Eagle (Serbia)|Order of the White Eagle]], third class (with swords).<ref name=Durie2022/><ref name=Orders/>

==Death==
Campbell died in Surrey, on 26 July 1946.<ref name=Orders/><ref name=Chelt1946/>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |title=Report of the Committee Appointed in the Government of India to Investigate the Disturbances in the Punjab, Etc (Hunter Inquiry)|volume=I-III |date=1920 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5cE1AQAAMAAJ|language=en|pages=21-25}}

[[Category:1867 births]]
[[Category:1946 deaths]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:People educated at Cheltenham College]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Tirah campaign]]
[[Category:People from Lee, London]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Third Anglo-Afghan War]]

Leslie Warner Yule Campbell - Revision history

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