Boomra: Wrote an informative guide.

2023-09-17T15:31:57Z

Wrote an informative guide.

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{{Infobox Indian political party|name=Left Front|eci=|abbreviation=LF|party_logo=Cpm election symbol.svg|colorcode={{Party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}|no_states={{Composition bar|3|31|hex={{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}|ideology={{nowrap|[[Communism]]<ref name="OUP_Ideology">{{cite book|title=Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies|author=Chakrabarty, Bidyut|isbn=978-0-1999-7489-4|lccn=2014003207|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oEtRBAAAQBAJ|year=2014|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] }}</ref> [[Marxism–Leninism]]<ref name="ramguha">
*{{cite book|title=The Past and Future of the Indian Left: Penguin Petit|author=[[Ramachandra Guha|Guha, Ramachandra]]| isbn=978-9-3511-8310-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OfOXAAAAQBAJ|year=2013|publisher=[[Penguin Random House|Penguin Random House India Private Limited]] }}
*{{cite book|title=Left Radicalism in India|author=Chakrabarty, Bidyut|isbn=978-1-3176-6805-3|series=Routledge Studies in South Asian Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0xWBQAAQBAJ|year=2014|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]}}
*{{cite book|title=Marxism in India|author=Maitra, Kiran|isbn=978-8-1743-6951-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s9JbBAAAQBAJ|year=2012|publisher=[[Roli Books]] }}</ref>}}|Political position=[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]] to [[Far-left politics|far-left]]
| loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|6|543|hex={{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}
| rajyasabha_seats = {{Composition bar|7|543|hex={{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}
| state_seats_name = [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|State Legislative Assemblies]]
| state_seats ={{Composition bar|116|4036|hex={{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}
| state2_seats_name = [[State Legislative Council (India)|State Legislative Councils]]
| state2_seats ={{Composition bar|3|543|hex={{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}
}}

The '''Left Front''' is a [[Political alliances|political alliance]] of [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] to [[Far-left politics|far-left]] political parties in India. It is led by the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]. It has started working with the newly formed [[big tent]] [[Opposition (politics)|opposition]] [[Political alliances|alliance]] in 2023 [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]] led by the [[Indian National Congress]] in order to deflect the ruling [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] led [[National Democratic Alliance]] in the [[Next Indian general election|2024 Indian general election]] and to form [[secularism|secular]], [[Progressivism|progressive]], [[Socialism|socialist]] and [[Liberalism|liberal]] government at the centre. Most of its members are part of this alliance.

== Members ==
=== Active Members ===

{|class="wikitable sortable" width="60%"
|-
! colspan="3" style="width:30px;" |Party
!Political Position
! style="width:30px;" |Leader
! Logo/Flag
! style="width:100px;" |[[Lok Sabha]]
! style="width:100px;" |[[Rajya Sabha]]
! style="width:170px;" |Base
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
| '''CPI(M)'''
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]
|[[File:S Yechury Agartala.jpg|90px]] [[Sitaram Yechury]]
|[[File:Cpm election symbol.svg|75px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | {{Composition bar|3|543|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}}}
| style="text-align: center;" | {{Composition bar|5|245|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}}}
| style="text-align: center;" |[[List of recognised political parties in India#National parties|National Party]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|'''CPI'''
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]
|[[File:D. RAJA DSC 0637.resized.JPG|90px]][[Doraisamy Raja]]
|[[File:CPI-banner.svg|75px|centre]]
| style="text-align: center;" | {{Composition bar|2|543|{{party color|Communist Party of India}}}}
| style="text-align: center;" | {{Composition bar|2|245|{{party color|Communist Party of India}}}}
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Kerala]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Manipur]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|'''RSP'''
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
|[[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
|[[Manoj Bhattacharya]]
|[[File:RSP-flag.svg|75px|centre]]
| style="text-align: center;" | {{Composition bar|1|543|{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}}}
| style="text-align: center;" | {{dash}}
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|'''CPI(ML)L'''
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]
|[[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
|[[File:Dipankar Bhattacharya in 2021.jpg|90px]]
[[Dipankar Bhattacharya]]
|[[File:CPIML LIBERATION FLAG.png|75px|centre]]
| rowspan="3" |{{dash}}
| rowspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | {{dash}}
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bihar]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|All India Forward Bloc}};" |
|'''AIFB'''
|[[All India Forward Bloc]]
|[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]
|[[G. Devarajan]]
|
| style="text-align: center;" |[[West Bengal]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}; text-align: center;color:black;" |
|'''PWPI'''
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India]]
|[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]
|
[[Jayant Prabhakar Patil]]
|
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}; text-align: center;" |
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | '''Left Front'''
|[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]] to [[Far-left politics|far-left]]
|
|
|{{Composition bar|6|543|{{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}
|{{Composition bar|7|245|{{party color|Left Front (West Bengal)}}}}
|
|-
|}
==Electoral history==
{{Main|Electoral history of the Left Front (India)}}
===General Election===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;border:1px solid black;background-color:#F4F9FF"
|+ Performance of Left Front in Lok Sabha elections
! style="background-color:#99CCFF"|[[Lok Sabha]]
! style="background-color:#99CCFF"|Lok Sabha constituencies
! style="background-color:#99CCFF"|Won
! style="background-color:#99CCFF"|Net Change in seats
|-
| align=left|[[1st Lok Sabha|First]]
| 489 || 22 || -

|-
| align=left|[[2nd Lok Sabha|Second]]
| 494 || 33 || {{increase}} 11

|-
| align=left|[[3rd Lok Sabha|Third]]
| 494 || 33 || {{nochange}} 00
|-
| align=left|[[4th Lok Sabha|Fourth]]
| 520 || 46 || {{increase}} 13

|-
| align=left|[[5th Lok Sabha|Fifth]]
| 518 || 53 || {{increase}} 07

|-
| align=left|[[6th Lok Sabha|Sixth]]
| 542 || 40 || {{decrease}} 13

|-
| align=left|[[7th Lok Sabha|Seventh]]
| 529 ( 542* ) || 54 || {{increase}} 14

|-
| align=left|[[8th Lok Sabha|Eighth]]
| 541 || 36 || {{decrease}} 18

|-
| align=left|[[9th Lok Sabha|Ninth]]
| 529 || 54 || {{increase}} 18

|-
| align=left|[[10th Lok Sabha|Tenth]]
| 534 || 57 || {{increase}} 03

|-
| align=left|[[11th Lok Sabha|Eleventh]]
| 543 || 52 || {{decrease}} 05

|-
| align=left|[[12th Lok Sabha|Twelfth]]
| 543 || 49 || {{decrease}} 03

|-
| align=left|[[13th Lok Sabha|Thirteenth]]
| 543 || 40 || {{decrease}} 09

|-
| align=left|[[14th Lok Sabha|Fourteenth]]
| 543 || 59 || {{increase}} 19

|-
| align=left|[[15th Lok Sabha|Fifteenth]]
| 543 || 24 || {{decrease}} 35
|-
| align=left|[[16th Lok Sabha|Sixteenth]]
| 543 || 12 || {{decrease}} 12
|-
| align=left|[[17th Lok Sabha|Seventeenth]]
| 543 || 6 || {{decrease}} 6
|-
|}
*It only include CPI(M), CPI, RSP, AIFB

*12 seats in Assam and 1 in Meghalaya did not vote.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/once-upon-a-poll-seventh-lok-sabha-elections-1980/ | title=Seventh Lok Sabha elections (1980) | work=Indian Express | date=March 14, 2014 | agency=Indian Express | accessdate=October 18, 2014}}</ref>

== List of chief ministers ==
;Key
*{{legend inline|1 = #faecc8|text = {{asterisk}}}} – Incumbent chief minister

{| class="plainrowheaders wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- align=center
!scope=col | State
!scope=col | Name
!scope=col | Portrait
!scope=col | Term(s)
!scope=col | Tenure(s){{efn|Sources:{{ubl|Kerala: Official website of Kerala Legislature<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/ginfo_5.htm|title=Chief Ministers|website=Kerala Legislature|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131008/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/ginfo_5.htm|archive-date=8 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>|West Bengal: Official website of West Bengal Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wbassembly.gov.in/html/permiChMin.html|title=Premiers and Chief Ministers of West Bengal|website=West Bengal Legislative Assembly|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312211800/http://wbassembly.gov.in/html/permiChMin.html|archive-date=12 March 2016|access-date=24 August 2018}} Note: The website link may not work as it has few glitches; only the archive link works. Also, the source has few errors regarding the tenure of Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee; the correct dates are provided in the "Origin and Growth" section of the given website.</ref>|Tripura: Legislative Bodies in India (an Indian government website) page on Tripura Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite web|url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html|title=Tripura Legislative Assembly|website=Legislative Bodies in India|access-date=28 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127084001/https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html|archive-date=27 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and a news article for the date of end of Manik Sarkar's term.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/biplab-kumar-deb-takes-oath-as-tripura-cm/article22992682.ece|title=Biplab Kumar Deb takes oath as Tripura CM|access-date=8 August 2019|website=[[Business Line]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809004415/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/biplab-kumar-deb-takes-oath-as-tripura-cm/article22992682.ece|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>}}}}
|-
! rowspan="6" scope="row" |[[Kerala]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|E. M. S.|Namboodiripad}}
|[[File:E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg|100px|alt=A portrait of E.M.S. Namboodiripad]]
|3{{efn|Namboodiripad has served two terms as a chief minister; the first in 1957 as a CPI leader and second in 1967 as a CPI(M) leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1507/15070040.htm|title=Farewell to EMS|website=Frontline|first=R.|last=Krishnakumar|location=Thiruvananthapuram|volume=15|issue=7|access-date=11 August 2019|date=4 April 1998|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806010612/https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1507/15070040.htm|archive-date=6 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1957|4|5}}-{{dts|format=dmy|1959|7|31}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1957|4|5|1959|7|31}})}}{{dts|format=dmy|1967|3|6}}-{{dts|format=dmy|1969|11|1}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1967|3|6|1969|11|1}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|C. Achutha|Menon}}
!
|2
|
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|P. K. Vasudevan|Nair}}
!
!1
|
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|E. K.|Nayanar}}
|[[File:Ek_nayanar.jpeg|100px|A photograph of E.K. Nayanar]]
|3
|{{dts|format=dmy|1980|1|25}}–{{dts|format=dmy|1981|10|20}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1980|1|25|1981|10|20}} )}} {{dts|format=dmy|1987|3|26}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1991|6|17}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1987|3|26|1991|6|17}})}} {{dts|format=dmy|1996|5|20}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2001|5|13}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1996|5|20|2001|5|13}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|V. S.|Achuthanandan}}
|[[File:Vs_achutanandann.jpg|100px|A photograph of V.S. Achutanandan]]
|1
|{{dts|format=dmy|2006|5|18}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2011|5|14}} {{small|({{age in years and days|2006|5|18|2011|5|14}})}}
|-
!scope=row style="background:#faecc8;text-align:center;" |{{sortname|Pinarayi|Vijayan}}*
|[[File:Pinarayi_Vijayan_1.jpg|100px]]
|2
|{{dts|format=dmy|2016|5|25}} – ''Incumbent''
{{small|({{age in years and days|2016|5|25}})}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=3|[[Tripura]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|Nripen|Chakraborty}}
|[[File:Nripen_Chakraborty.jpg|100px]]
|2
|{{dts|format=dmy|1978|1|5}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1988|2|5}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1978|1|5|1988|2|5}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Dasarath|Deb}}
|[[File:Dasarath_Deb1946.jpg|100px]]
|1
|{{dts|format=dmy|1993|4|10}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1998|3|11}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1993|4|10|1998|3|11}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Manik|Sarkar}}
|[[File:Manik_Sarkar.jpg|100px|alt=A photograph of Manik Sarkar]]
|4
|{{dts|format=dmy|1998|3|11}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2018|3|9}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1998|3|11|2018|3|9}})}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=2|[[West Bengal]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|Jyoti|Basu}}
|[[File:Jyoti_Basu_-_Calcutta_1996-12-21_089_Cropped.png|100px|alt=A portrait of Jyoti Basu]]
|5
|{{dts|format=dmy|1977|6|21}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|5}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1977|6|21|2000|11|5}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Buddhadeb|Bhattacharjee}}
|[[File:Buddhadev Bhattacharjee.jpg|100px|alt=A portrait of Buddhadeb Bhattacharya]]
|3
|{{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|6}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2011|5|13}} {{small|({{age in years and days|2000|11|6|2011|5|13}})}}
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Political party alliances]]
[[Category:Left-wing political party alliances]]
<references group="lower-alpha" />

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{notelist}}

Left Front (Bharat) - Revision history

Boomra: Wrote an informative guide.