EssieYates77210 at 08:34, 29 November 2025

2025-11-29T08:34:25Z

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article

2023-08-18T06:20:06Z

Created a new article

New page

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Lawngtlai}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Lawngtlai district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Mizoram|District]] of [[Mizoram]]
| image_skyline = Castle of Beino (Kolodyne) - panoramio (3).jpg
| image_caption = Castle of Beino
| image_map = Lawngtai in Mizoram (India).svg
| image_map1 = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Lawngtlai district'''
|type=shape |id=Q2086209
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Lawngtlai district of Mizoram
|type2=line|id2=Q1502|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Mizoram
}}
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Mizoram
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Lawngtlai
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Mizoram]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_name2 =
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Lawngtlai]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 2557
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 117,894
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 20,830
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 65.88
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 945
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Mizoram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mizoram]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = 1. Tuichawng, 2. Lawngtlai West and 3. Lawngtlai East
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2 = 2558 mm
| website = {{URL|http://lawngtlai.nic.in/}}
}}

'''Lawngtlai district''' is one of the eleven districts of [[Mizoram]] state in [[India]]. The district is bounded on the north by [[Lunglei district]], on the west by [[Bangladesh]], on the south by [[Myanmar]] and on the east by [[Saiha district]]. The district occupies an area of 2557.10 km<sup>2</sup>. [[Lawngtlai]] town is the administrative headquarters of the district.

The district shares its boundaries with Lunglei and Saiha districts on the north and south respectively. The inhabitants of the district are mainly the ethnic groups of tribals like [[Pang people|Pang]], [[Lai people|Lai]] and [[Chakma people|Chakma]], who are among the minor tribal communities of Mizoram. The main occupation is cultivation and the rural population largely depends on agriculture for their subsistence. The physical feature is mainly hilly except with long narrow strip of low-lying area along the western side of Chamdur Valley.

==History==
Prior to the arrival of the British in the late 19th century, the area which became Lawngtlai District was ruled by local chieftains, whose zones of control were often a single village or small group of villages.<ref name="RVSP">[http://lawngtlai.nic.in/RSVP/profile.htm "Profile of the District"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721171915/http://lawngtlai.nic.in/RSVP/profile.htm |date=21 July 2011 }} Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana Project, Lawngtlai District</ref> In 1888 the chief of the Fungkah village attacked a British surveying team and killed four men including a Lt. Stewart. The following year the British sent in a punitive expedition to pacify the area. What became Lawngtlai District was incorporated into the South Lushai Hills and administered by the lieutenant governor of [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]].<ref name="RVSP"/> In 1898 North and South Lushai Hills were merged into the Lushai Hills District and were administered as part of [[Assam]]. In 1919, the Lushai Hills, along with some of the other hill districts, were declared "Backward Tracts" under the [[Government of India Act 1919|Government of India Act]], and in 1935 this denomination was changed to "excluded area". In 1952 the creation of the Lushai Hills Autonomous District Council removed the last power of the local chieftains. The area became part of [[Mizoram]] when the Union Territory of Mizoram was created in 1972, and remained a part of it when the state was created in 1987.<ref name="RVSP" /> Originally part of [[Chhimtuipui District]], the area that became Lawngtlai District was divided into four rural development blocks: the Lawngtlai Rural Development Block with headquarters at [[Lawngtlai]], Sangau Rural Development Block with headquarters at [[Sangau]], Bungtlang South Rural Development Block with headquarters at [[Bungtlang South]] and the Chawngte Rural Development Block with headquarters at [[Chawngte]].<ref name="RVSP" /> Lawngtlai district became a separate district on 11 November 1998.<ref name="RVSP"/><ref>Government of Mizoram notification No. A. 60011/21/95-GAD. Dated Aizawl, 11 November 1998</ref>

==Geography==
Lawngtlai district is located in the southwesternmost part of Mizoram having international boundaries with Bangladesh to the west and Myanmar to the south.<ref name="MOI-LD">[http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/mizoram/districts/lawngtiai.html "Lawngtlai District Map"] Maps of India</ref> The district is bounded by [[Lunglei District]] to the north and [[Saiha District]] to the east.<ref name="MOI-LD" /> The [[Thega River|Thega (Kawrpui) River]] forms most of the boundary with Bangladesh on the west and the [[Kaladan River]] forms the eastern boundary with Saiha District.<ref name="MOI-LD" /> Lawngtlai district occupied an area of 2557.10 km<sup>2</sup> (2001 Census). The area is mountainous and hilly with a small strip of low-lying riverine plain along the western side of the Chamdur Valley. Landslides are common especially during rainy season. The western side of the district is covered by dense virgin forest. The main rivers include the Kaladan River, Tuichong River, the Chhimtuipui River, the Ngengpui River, the Chawngte River and the Tuiphal River.<ref name=miz>{{cite web| author=Mizoramonline|title=Lawngtlai District, Mizoram |date=2013 | url= http://www.mizoramonline.in/about/Districts/Lawngtlai.html |work= mizoramonline.in |publisher=Pan India Internet Private Limited (PIIPL) |access-date= 15 June 2013}}</ref><ref name=rsvy>{{cite web|title=RSVY > STRENGTH, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS (SWOT) ANALYSIS OF THE DISTRICT AND IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL GAPS| url= http://lawngtlai.nic.in/RSVP/strength.htm |work= lawngtlai.nic.in|publisher=Deputy Commissioner Lawngtlai, Mizoram |access-date= 15 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| author=HolidayIq.com|title=About Lawngtlai Tourism| url= http://www.holidayiq.com/destinations/lawngtlai/|work= holidayiq.com|access-date= 15 June 2013}}</ref>

===Climate===
Lawngtlai district has a moderate climate. In general, it is cool in summer and not very cold in winter. In winter the temperature varies from 8 °C to 24 °C and in summer, the temperature varies between 18 °C and 32 °C. The western part of the district has less elevation comparing to the eastern part, and hence it experiences a little warmer climate than the eastern part. Relative humidity is highest during the south-west monsoon when it reaches to about 85%. The district is under the direct influence of south-west monsoon and heavy precipitation is usually received from May to September every year. The average annual rainfall is about 2558 mm. The hottest period is from March to August every year. During the rainy season, it remains heavily clouded. There is an increase of cloudiness from March onwards. A clear and cool weather starts appearing from September and remains till January the next year.<ref name="RVSP"/>

==Economy==

One-third of the total inhabitants of Lawngtlai district rely entirely on agriculture, which is mostly based on [[traditional agriculture|traditional method]] of [[shifting cultivation]]. Only a small fraction of urban population is involved in permanent employment, such as state government service, bank and schools, and few engaged in small-scale business. The economic status of the district is in fact the lowest among the districts in Mizoram.<ref name=miz/><ref name=rsvy/>

==={{anchor| Zorinpui Integrated Check Post | Zorinpui ICP | Zorinpui border | Jorinpui Integrated Check Post | Jorinpui ICP | Jorinpui border }} Zorinpui Integrated Check Post===
'''Zorinpui Integrated Check Post'''in Lawngtlai district is an integrated immigration and customs check post that became operational in Oct 2017 to cater to the [[Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project]].<ref name=icp4>[https://www.google.com.sg/search?client=firefox-b&dcr=0&ei=lWJCWr3sLcrJvgS0ory4CA&q=zorinpui+lawngtlai+&oq=zorinpui+lawngtlai+&gs_l=psy-ab.3...5050.12763.0.13049.20.20.0.0.0.0.285.2665.0j13j2.15.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..5.10.1914...0j0i67k1j0i131k1j0i10k1j0i13k1.0.d3bPEkKCEM4 India opens two border crossing points with Myanmar, Bangladesh], [[Times of India]], 1 Oct 2017.</ref> It is also open to tourist traffic.

==Divisions==
Unlike the most parts of India, where districts are divided into [[Tehsil|tehsils (talukas)]], in Lanwgtlai district there are two Autonomous District Councils, the [[Lai Autonomous District Council]] (LADC) and the [[Chakma Autonomous District Council]] (CADC) with their headquarters at [[Lawngtlai]] and [[Kamalanagar (Mizoram)|Kamalanagar (Chawngte)]] respectively. Having separate autonomous legislative, executive and judicial functions, the Lais and the Chakmas administer their respective autonomous regions in accordance with the provisions of the [[Constitution of India#Schedules|Sixth Schedule]] to the [[Constitution of India]].

This district is divided into four Rural Development Blocks:<ref>[http://rd.mizoram.gov.in/?page_id=7 "Rural Development, Govt. of Mizoram » Organization Setup"] Rural Development, Government of Mizoram</ref>
# Chawngte Rural Development Block
# Bungtlang 'South' Rural Development Block
# Lawngtlai Rural Development Block
# Sangau Rural Development Block.

The town of Lawngtlai is the headquarters for the district. The names of the headquarters of the Rural Development Blocks are same as them. There are 158 villages in Lawngtlai district.

There are 3 Legislative Assembly constituencies in this district, 36-Tuichawng (ST), 37-Lawngtlai West (ST) and 38-Lawngtlai East (ST).

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|25=1971|26=29,367|27=1981|28=44,277|29=1991|30=64,946|31=2001|32=87,592|33=2011|34=1,17,894|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Lawngtlai district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion: Mizoram |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11385/download/14498/DDW15C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Mizoram|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|54.19}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism in Mizoram|Buddhism]]|gold|43.72}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Mizoram|Hinduism]]|darkorange|1.41}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|0.44}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.20}}
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Lawngtlai district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 117,894,<ref name=districtcensus>{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Lawngtlai |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/880/download/36388/DH_2011_1507_PART_A_DCHB_LAWNGTLAI.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Grenada]].<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Grenada 108,419 July 2011 est.}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 611th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]). The district has a population density of {{convert|46|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 34.59%. Lawngtlai has a [[sex ratio]] of 945 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males, and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 65.88%. 17.67% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Tribes make up 95.30% of the population.<ref name=districtcensus/>

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages spoken in Lawngtlai district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Chakma language|Chakma]] |value1 = 39.28 |color1 = purple
|label2 = [[Mizo language|Mizo]] |value2 = 23.24 |color2 = red
|label3 = [[Lai languages|Pawi]] |value3 = 20.96 |color3 = tomato
|label4 = [[Kokborok|Tripuri]] |value4 = 7.22 |color4 = gold
|label5 = Others |value5 = 9.30 |color5 = grey
}}

According to the 2011 census, 39.28% of the population spoke [[Chakma language|Chakma]], 23.24% [[Mizo language|Mizo]], 20.96% [[Lai languages|Pawi]] and 7.22% [[Kokborok|Tripuri]] as their first language. Many other languages are spoken here that are spoken in the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]].<ref name="languages">{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-16 Population By Mother Tongue: Mizoram |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10215/download/13327/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1500.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Culture==
The main communities occupying Lawngtlai District are the Lais, Chakmas, [[Tanchangya people|Tongchangya]] Bawm, Pang, etc. there are famous cultural heritage among such tribes. In the eastern side of the district where Lai community are the main inhabitants. Chawnglaizawnh, Sarlamkai, Pawhlohtlawh are the main cultural dances. In Chakma inhabited area of the district, there are various tribes of backward classes. In this area, the main religion is Buddhism whereas in the southern side i.e. Chamdur area mostly occupied by Pang, Bawm and Tlanglau community and eastern side i.e. Lai occupied area, Christianity is prevailing as their major religion. The common languages spoken in the district are [[Lai languages|Lai]], [[Chakma language|Chakma]], [[Tanchangya language|Tongchangya]]. Other languages spoken include Pang, Tlanglau, [[Reang|Bru]] and [[Bawm language|Bawm]]. These communities have different fold dance, folk dance, folk tales of their own. The common cultural dances of the Chakmas are Nua Jhumo Naach and Biju Naach.

==Flora and fauna==
Lawngtlai district is situated within the tropical belt. It usually received high annual rainfall during the month from May up to September. In this region the tropical wet evergreen, mixed deciduous forest and wild banana forests are found. The western part of the region is covered by a thick virgin forest. Host of skima wallichi, Banyan tree, Gulmohar tree, Gamari, Jarus, Champa and several kinds of bamboos, climbers of different kinds and many kinds of wild fruits are found in this area. Several kinds of plants and herbs which are good for making herbal medicines are also found in this district.

In 1997 Lawngtlai district became home to the Ngengpui [[Wildlife Sanctuaries in India|Wildlife Sanctuary]], which has an area of {{convert|110|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment |title=Protected areas: Mizoram |url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |access-date=25 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |archive-date=23 August 2011 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://lawngtlai.nic.in Lawngtlai district official website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20180424013149/http://kvklawngtlai.nic.in/ District profile at Krishi Vigyan Kendra]
*[http://www.rainrays.com/topic/district_lawngtlai-3867-241.htm Rainrays.com]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130617053324/http://dclawngtlai.mizoram.gov.in/page/profile240712110703.html Profile at Deputy Commissioner]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Lawngtlai District
|North =[[Lunglei district]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Saiha district]]
|Southeast =
|South =''[[Myanmar]]''
|Southwest =
|West =''[[Bangladesh]]''
|Northwest =
}}

{{Mizoram}}
{{Lawngtlai District}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}

{{coord|22|31|48|N|92|54|00|E|region:IN-MZ_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lawngtlai District}}
[[Category:Lawngtlai district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Mizoram]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in Mizoram]]

Lawngtlai district - Revision history

EssieYates77210 at 08:34, 29 November 2025

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article