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{{Short description|Hindu temple in Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Kuruvathi Basaveshwara temple
| image =
| alt = Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara
| caption =
| map_type = India Karnataka
| map_caption = Location in Karnataka
| coordinates = {{coord|14.78|75.70|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline}}
| native_name = Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara Temple
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Karnataka]]
| district = [[Vijayanagara district|Vijayanagara]]
| locale = [[Hoovina Hadagali]]
| elevation_m = 515
| deity = Basaveshwara ([[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]])
| festivals= [[Maha Shivaratri]]
| architecture = [[Vijayanagara architecture]], [[Western Chalukya architecture]]
| temple_quantity = 2
| monument_quantity = 1 (Eka kuta)
| inscriptions =
| year_completed = 14th century A.D.
| creator = Vijaynagara Emperor
| website =
}}

'''Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara temple''' at Kuruvathi (Kannada: '''ಕುರುವತ್ತಿ''')
<ref name="Temples of Karnataka - Kuruvatti">{{cite web | url= http://templesofkarnataka.com/navigation/details.php?id=185 | title=Temples of Karnataka - Kuruvatti | access-date=2010-07-30}}</ref>
is one of the ancient and historic temples at the extreme south-western corner of [[Hoovina Hadagali]] taluk, [[Vijayanagara District]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. This temple is on the bank of [[Tungabhadra river]], 10 km from [[Halavagalu]] and 2 km from [[Mylara]] and 36 km from [[Ranebennur]] and 326  km from [[Bangalore]].

==Geography==

The temple is located at latitude 14.78427° north, longitude 75.702455° east, and has an elevation of 515 meters above sea level.

==History==

===Origin===
Kurubara Hatti=Kuru+Hatti=Kuru+vatti=
Kuruvathi (Kannada: ಕುರುವತ್ತಿ) got its name because the Lord Basaveshwara/[[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]] came here to heal the kuru (Kannada: ಕುರು) — the wounds of the devotees.

Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara is one of the forms of Nandi. The holy temple (Kannada: ಕುರುವತ್ತಿ) is dedicated to Nandi who is in the form of a bull. It is believed that Lord Nandi came here in search of [[Lord Shiva]] ([[Sri]] Mallikarjuna [[Swamy]]), found him on the bank of [[Tungabhadra River]], sat in front of him and started worshiping him from then on.

===Ancient history===

Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara [[Swamy]] Temple is around 600 years old, built in accordance with [[Vijayanagara architecture]] ( ವಿಜಯನಗರ ವಾಸ್ತುಶಿಲ್ಪ) during the period (1336–1565).

[[File:Kuruvathi Basaveshwara.JPG|thumb|left|Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara at ಕುರುವತ್ತಿ]]

Lord [[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]], also known as Basaveshwara or Basavanna, is believed by followers to be a very merciful, being the fulfiller of every wish made to him by the devotees. He provides the blessing to the people by healing the wounds of their life. Lord Nandi is worshiped here as the main deity. In Kuruvathi, Lord Basaveshwara's idol is 10 feet long and 9 feet high. Here Lord Basaveshwara fulfills the request of the devotees and bless them and their families if one offers [[prayer]] to him from [[Bhakti]].

This temple consist of a [[Garbhagriha]], [[sukanasi]], a Navaranga connecting the sanctum and outer [[Mandapa]] and a Rangamantapa. The [[Mandapa]] are built on square or polygonal plinths with carved friezes that are four to five feet high and have ornate stepped entrances on all four sides with miniature elephants or with beast. The Mandapas are supported by ornate pillars.

Kuruvathi (Kannada: ಕುರುವತ್ತಿ) is also known as [[Dakshina]] [[Varanasi|Kashi]]/[[Varanasi]], as the [[Tungabhadra]] river flows from east to west, because in Kashi/Varanasi the [[Ganges]] river flows from east to west.

The holy [[mantra]] chanted here is "Jaya Namaha Pravathi Patheye Hara Hara Maha Deva", "Om Namaha Shivaya" and "Om Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwaraya Namaha".

[[File:Temple Entrance.JPG|thumb|left|The main entrance of Shri Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple at ಕುರುವತ್ತಿ]]

==Shri Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple==
[[Mallikarjuna Temple, Kuruvatti|Shri Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple]] is around 900 years old, built in [[Western Chalukya architecture]] style (Kannada: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ವಾಸ್ತುಶಿಲ್ಪ) also known as Kalyani Chalukya. [[File:Kuruvathi2.JPG|thumb|left|Shri Mallikarjuna [[Swamy]] temple]]Kalyani Chalukya or Later Chalukya architecture is the distinctive style of ornamented architecture that evolved during the rule of the Western Chalukya Empire in the [[Tungabhadra]] region of central [[Karnataka]], India, during the 11th and 12th centuries. Chalukyan temples fall into two categories — the first being temples with a common mantapa (a colonnaded hall) and two shrines (known as dvi kuta) and the second being temples with one mantapa and a single shrine (eka kuta). Since the contribution of Kalyani Chalukya had very great prominence during his reign ([[Chalukya dynasty]]), the Lord Shri Mallikarjuna [[Swamy]] Temple is now under the protection of the Archeological Department.

[[Lord Shiva]] who killed the demons at this place and revealed himself in a form of [[Lingam]] and is known as [[Sri]] Mallikarjuna [[Swamy]]. This shrine belongs to Eka kuta category which consist of a Mahamantapa, three Navaranga connecting the sanctum and outer [[Mandapa]] and a Rangamantapa, three Dwaar and a [[Garbhagriha]]. These three Navaranga have Mahamantapas that are fabulous and spectacularly incarnated by Kalyani Chalukya and these in turn leads us to Sukanasi. This Sukanasi finally leads us to [[Garbhagriha]] where Lord [[Shiva]] resides. The [[Shiva]] [[Lingam]] is of 4 feet height.

The Rangamantapa has 12 pillars which are triangular in all three directions and is 8 feet high and 4 feet wide, where we can find Lord [[Ganesha]] who is 5 feet tall and Lord [[Subramanya, Karnataka]] along with Lord Mallikarjuna [[Swamy]]. The ornate pillars that support the roof of the [[mandapa]] are monolithic shafts from the base up to the neck of the [[Capital (architecture)|capital]].

There are three entrances. Each of these dwaars are beautifully incarnated with the traditional design that influences the [[Western Chalukya architecture]]. The [[Goddess]] Shri Bhuvaneshwari's idol is beautifully incarnated on the Main Dwaar.

== Temple activities ==

===Priest activities===

The priest here is Somashekara who performs the daily [[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]] for the Lord [[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]]. This puja is done only by this priest family. There are some special [[Puja (Hinduism)|Puja]] performed during the time of festivals and during [[Maha Shivaratri]]. Holige<ref>
{{cite web | url=http://www.aayisrecipes.com/2006/12/30/coconut-roti-kayi-holigeobbattu-or-narla-ubbatti/#hide | title= Aayi Recipe >> Coconut roti (Kayi holige/obbattu or Narla ubbatti)| access-date=2010-07-31}}</ref> and [[ghee]] is served as Naivedya<ref>{{cite web | url=http://abdurg.tripod.com/cuisine/naivedya.html| title= Naivedya Dishes | access-date=2010-07-31}}</ref> to Lord Nandi. In [[Kartika (month)|Kartika]] a special [[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]] to the Lord [[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]] and Mallikrjuna [[Swamy]] is made. The maha [[Rathothsava]] is on [[Maha Shivaratri]] amavasya ([[new moon]]) day during February–March.

=== Temple car festival activities===

Devotees from all over [[Karnataka]] and other near by states in [[India]] visit this place during Kuruvathi Theru ([[temple car]] festival-[[Rathothsava]]) held during the time of [[Maha Shivaratri]]. The Lord [[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]] idol is kept inside the [[ratha]] and then it moves based on the particular [[Nakshatra]] named [[Magha (nakshatra)|Magha]] that match at some point of time. This Ratha does not move unless and until [[Nakshatra]] matches [[Magha (nakshatra)]]. Once the [[Nakshatra]] is matched, devotees will be able to pull the [[ratha]] by chanting [[mantra]] "Jaya Namaha Pravathi Patheye Hara Hara Maha Deva", "Om Namaha Shivaya" and "Om Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwaraya Namaha","Basavanna Dhareye Ninagaru Sariye, Sari Sari Yendavara, Hallu Muriye Bhoupara", "Hatti Halada Mara Sutta Bevina Mara Uttati Vanadalliruva Belli Basaveshwaranige Bhoupara". Later when the [[ratha]] starts moving, the devotees then offer flower garlands, coconuts and banana fruits to the Lord [[Nandi (bull)|Nandi]] ratha.

===Prasadam activities===
The devotees are provided with Prasadam (food) on the amavasya ([[new moon]]) day of every month which is provided by the devotees in form of [[Dāna|Dana]].

==Terminology==

* Theru: [[Rathothsava]]
* [[Mandapa]]: A porch-like structure through the (Gopuram) (ornate gateway) and leading to the temple
* Mahamantapa: Open pillared hall
* Rangamantapa: Closed pillared hall
* [[Garbhagriha]]: Sanctum where the idol of God is placed
* Navaranga or Antrala: Passage that connects to Sanctum
* Sukanasi: Antechamber
* Dwaar: Entrance

== Transport ==

===Road===

* [[Bangalore]]-[[Chitradurga]]-[[Ranebennur]]-[[Guttal]]**-[[Mylara]]**-Kuruvathi.
* [[Bangalore]]-[[Harihara]]-[[Halavagalu]]**-Kuruvathi.
* [[Bellary]]-[[Hospet]]-[[Harpanahalli]]-Kuruvathi.
* [[Dharwar]]-[[Hubli]]-[[Haveri]]-[[Guttal]]**-[[Mylara]]**-Kuruvathi.

There are no direct buses to reach Kuruvathi, but K.S.R.T.C. (Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation) buses are available up to certain place. For all the place marked with ** at the end, one needs to go for own vehicle or local private transport ([[Auto rickshaw]] and Tempo Trax).

===Railway station===

*[[Bangalore]]-[[Ranebennur]]-[[Dharwar]]: Alight at [[Ranebennur]] and board the local private transport.
*[[Dharwar]]-Devaragudda-[[Bangalore]]: Alight at Devaragudda<ref>
{{cite web | url=http://templesofkarnataka.com/navigation/details.php?id=171 | title=Temples of Karnataka - Devaragudda | access-date=2010-07-30}}</ref> and board the local private transport.

There are no direct trains available for Kuruvathi; private transport ([[Auto rickshaw]] and Tempo Trax) are available from [[Ranebennur]] or Devaragudda.

===Airports===
The nearest airport is at [[Hubli]]. An international airport is at [[Bengaluru]].<ref>
{{cite web | url=http://templesofkarnataka.com/navigation/details.php?id=185 | title=Temples of Karnataka - Kuruvatti | access-date=2012-03-04}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons category|Kuruvathi Basaveshwara temple}}


{{Hindu temples in Karnataka}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shri Kuruvathi Basaveshwara Temple}}
[[Category:Hindu temples in Vijayanagara district]]

Kuruvathi Basaveshwara Temple - Revision history

103.130.108.168: /* Origin */