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{{Short description|Character in Meitei folklore}}
{{About|a victim|the predator beast|Khoirentak tiger}}
{{About|a lady attacked by a tiger|the lady kidnapped by a [[Keibu Keioiba|tiger-man]] in the [[Meitei folklore]]|Thabaton}}
{{Contains special characters|Meitei}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Meitei
| name = Kumcha Lempi <br /> {{small|({{Script|Latn|/koom-chaa lem-pee/}})}}
| deity_of = a victim of the [[Khoirentak tiger]]'s attack
| member_of = Characters in the [[Moirang Kangleirol]]
| image =
| alt = 
| caption =
| other_names = Kumja Lembi ({{Script|Latn|/koom-jaa lem-bee/}})
| hiro =
| Old_Norse =
| script_name = [[Meitei script|Meitei]]
| script = ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ ꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤ}}||}})
| affiliation = [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei folklore]]
| cult_center = [[Moirang]]
| abode = 
| planet = 
| weapon = 
| battles =
| artifacts = 
| animals =
| symbol = 
| adherents = [[Meitei people]]
| height =
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| tree =
| day =
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| consort = 
| parents =
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| predecessor =
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| texts =
| gender = female
| Greek_equivalent =
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| Slavic_equivalent =
| Hinduism_equivalent =
| Canaanite_equivalent =
| equivalent1_type =
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| region = [[Ancient Kangleipak]] (early [[Manipur]])
| ethnic_group = [[Meitei people]]
| festivals =
}}
{{Meitei mythology}}
'''Kumcha Lempi''' ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ ꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤ}}|{{Script|Latn|/koom-chaa lem-pee/}}|}}), also known as '''Kumja Lembi''' ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯂꯦꯝꯕꯤ}}|{{Script|Latn|/koom-jaa lem-bee/}}|}}), is a woman in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei folklore|folklore]] of [[ancient Kangleipak]] (early [[Manipur]]). She is known for being a victim of an attack by a [[Khoirentak tiger|tiger in Khoirentak]].
Her tragedy is frequently mentioned, narrated and retold in the [[Moirang Kangleirol]] legends, usually by the [[Pena (musical instrument)]] playing balladeers till present times.<ref name=":Chingmee_Tamee">{{Cite book |last=Akoijam |first=I.S. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.466628/page/n31/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Manipurgee Chingmee Tamee |publisher=Manipur Sahitya Samiti, [[Thoubal]], Manipur; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2004 |location=India |pages=32-34 |language=mni}}</ref><ref name=":Kumcha_1">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Tomcha Wahengbam |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465556/page/n7/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Kunjamala |publisher=Sanasam Ingotombi Singh, Imphal; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2014 |location=India |pages=6-12 |language=mni |chapter=Ahaanba Pandup (Ahaanba Utpa - Kumcha Lempi)}}</ref>

== Etymology {{anchor|Name|Origin|Word origin}} ==
In [[Meitei language]], "Kumcha" ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ}}|{{Script|Latn|/koom-chaa/}}|}}){{efn|name=free_variation|In [[Meitei language]] (officially called [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]]), the sounds of "ch" and "j" are in [[free variation]]s.}} or "Kumja" ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ}}|{{Script|Latn|/koom-jaa/}}|}}){{efn|name=free_variation}} means "year"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=H. Surmangol |date=2006 |title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary ("Kumja") |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=dsal.uchicago.edu |publisher=[[University of Chicago]] |page=41 |language=mni, en}}</ref> or "yearly" or "annual" or "seasonal", and "Lempi" ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤ}}|{{Script|Latn|/lem-pee/}}|}}){{efn|name=free_variation_2|In [[Meitei language]] (officially called [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]]), the sounds of "pi" (/pee/) and "bi" (/bee/) are in [[free variation]]s.}} or "Lembi" ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯂꯦꯝꯕꯤ}}|{{Script|Latn|/lem-bee/}}|}}){{efn|name=free_variation_2}} means "graceful" or "gentle" or "elegant".<ref name=":Chingmee_Tamee">{{Cite book |last=Akoijam |first=I.S. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.466628/page/n31/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Manipurgee Chingmee Tamee |publisher=Manipur Sahitya Samiti, [[Thoubal]], Manipur; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2004 |location=India |pages=32-34 |language=mni}}</ref><ref name=":Kumcha_1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=H. Surmangol |date=2006 |title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary ("Lembi") |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D-&matchtype=default |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=dsal.uchicago.edu |publisher=[[University of Chicago]] |language=mni, en}}</ref>

== Background {{anchor|About|Beginning}} ==
Kumcha Lempi ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ ꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤ}}|{{Script|Latn|/koom-chaa lem-pee/}}|}}) was very small when her mother died. After some time, her father remarried. Her stepmother was very cruel and rude to her, especially in her father's absence.
Kumcha Lempi suffered the atrocities and bitter treatments from her evil stepmother in her life.<ref name=":Chingmee_Tamee">{{Cite book |last=Akoijam |first=I.S. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.466628/page/n31/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Manipurgee Chingmee Tamee |publisher=Manipur Sahitya Samiti, [[Thoubal]], Manipur; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2004 |location=India |pages=32-34 |language=mni}}</ref><ref name=":Kumcha_1" /><ref name=":Kumcha_2">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Tomcha Wahengbam |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465556/page/n13/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Kunjamala |publisher=Sanasam Ingotombi Singh, Imphal; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2014 |location=India |pages=13-18 |language=mni |chapter=Ahaanba Pandup (Anishuba Utpa - Kumcha Lempi)}}</ref><ref name=":Anouba_Yenning_Kumcha">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Kokngang |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465721/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Anouba Yenning |publisher=Ibemcha Home Library, Kongpal, Imphal; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=1970 |location=India |pages=6-12 |language=mni}}</ref><ref name=":Apunba_Saklon">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Kokngang |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465685/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Apunba Saklon |publisher=Kongbantabam Bidyalaxmi Devi; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2008 |location=India |pages=6-12 |language=mni}}</ref>

== Tragedy {{anchor|Animal attack|Attack|Conspiracy|Death|Fate|Kill|Legend|Luck|Misfortune|Omen|Story|Torture}} ==
Once the king of [[ancient Moirang]] announced that no one should go out of their respective houses when the sun set off, because a wild [[Khoirentak tiger|tiger from Khoirentak]] was roaming around freely, among the reeds of the shores of the [[Loktak lake]] ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠ}}|{{Script|Latn|/lok-taak paat/}}|}}).
Upon hearing such news, Kumcha Lempi's stepmother, who was searching for every possible opportunity to get rid of her poor stepdaughter, intentionally and forcibly sent Kumcha Lempi, in the evening time, to the shore of the [[Loktak lake]], telling her to collect basketful herbs (''"yellang keng-ngoi"'') for that very day's dinner, and not to come back to home if she didn't bring what is said to her to be brought.
While collecting herbs to be basketful, it was getting late. On her way, she was spotted by the so called [[Khoirentak tiger]] and ended up being devoured by the hungry beast.<ref name=":Chingmee_Tamee">{{Cite book |last=Akoijam |first=I.S. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.466628/page/n31/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Manipurgee Chingmee Tamee |publisher=Manipur Sahitya Samiti, [[Thoubal]], Manipur; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2004 |location=India |pages=32-34 |language=mni}}</ref><ref name=":Kumcha_3">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Tomcha Wahengbam |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465556/page/n117/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Kunjamala |publisher=Sanasam Ingotombi Singh, Imphal; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2014 |location=India |pages=118-129 |language=mni |chapter=Ahumshuba Pandup (Kumcha Lempi)}}</ref><ref name=":Anouba_Yenning_Kumcha">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Kokngang |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465721/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Anouba Yenning |publisher=Ibemcha Home Library, Kongpal, Imphal; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=1970 |location=India |pages=6-12 |language=mni}}</ref><ref name=":Apunba_Saklon">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Kokngang |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465685/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Apunba Saklon |publisher=Kongbantabam Bidyalaxmi Devi; [[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Manipur University]] Library, [[Imphal]] |year=2008 |location=India |pages=6-12 |language=mni}}</ref>
When the remains of her corpse was discovered by the royal officials, the news reached the ears of the King of [[Moirang]], who ordered [[Khuman Khamba]] ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯈꯝꯕ}}|}}) and [[Nongban]] ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯅꯣꯡꯕꯥꯟ}}|}}), to capture the lurking beast, as a [[Trial by ordeal|divine ordeal]] of the two men's conflict of getting hand in marriage to [[Thoibi]] ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯊꯣꯏꯕꯤ}}|}}), the only princess of the kingdom.<ref name=":Kumcha_3" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hodson |first=T. C. |url=https://archive.org/details/meitheis01hods/page/151/mode/2up |title=The Meitheis |date=1908 |publisher=D. Nutt |others=Duke University Libraries |location=London |page=151 |author-link=Thomas Callan Hodson}}</ref>

== In Meitei literature ==
In [[Meitei literature]] ([[Manipuri literature]]), lady Kumcha Lempi (Kumja Lembi) is described as a friend of a girl of [[Kabui people|Kabui ethnicity]] of the hills of {{langnf|mni|[[Kangleipak]]|[[Manipur]]}}. Her Kabui friend later turned into a flower named "Chingthrao" ({{lang-mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯆꯤꯡꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯎ}}|}}) blessed by God [[Thangching]] ([[Thangjing]]). Kumja Lembi immortalized her friend's name as "Ching-thrao", which is made of the words, {{langnf|mni|‘Ching’|‘Hills’}}, {{langnf|mni|‘Tharo’|‘Lily’}} and {{langnf|mni|‘Paitha’|‘Flying Downward’}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anita |first=Aheibam |date=2021-03-06 |title=The Enchanting Folk Tale of a Lonely and Forlorn Kabui Village Girl Who Became the Beautiful Wild Blossom Chingthrao » Imphal Review of Arts and Politics |url=https://imphalreviews.in/the-enchanting-folk-tale-of-a-lonely-and-forlorn-kabui-village-girl-who-became-the-beautiful-wild-blossom-chingthrao/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=imphalreviews.in |language=en-GB}}</ref>

In a [[Meitei language]] folk song named "Khunnung Eshei Nachom", Kumja Lembi and her Kabui friend are described as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
! [[Meitei language]] version{{efn|Being a folk song, the following contents are in public domain.}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anita |first=Aheibam |date=2021-03-06 |title=The Enchanting Folk Tale of a Lonely and Forlorn Kabui Village Girl Who Became the Beautiful Wild Blossom Chingthrao » Imphal Review of Arts and Politics |url=https://imphalreviews.in/the-enchanting-folk-tale-of-a-lonely-and-forlorn-kabui-village-girl-who-became-the-beautiful-wild-blossom-chingthrao/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=imphalreviews.in |language=en-GB}}</ref>
! English translation<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anita |first=Aheibam |date=2021-03-06 |title=The Enchanting Folk Tale of a Lonely and Forlorn Kabui Village Girl Who Became the Beautiful Wild Blossom Chingthrao » Imphal Review of Arts and Politics |url=https://imphalreviews.in/the-enchanting-folk-tale-of-a-lonely-and-forlorn-kabui-village-girl-who-became-the-beautiful-wild-blossom-chingthrao/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=imphalreviews.in |language=en-GB}}</ref>
|-
| {{Quote|
Kabui Chadi Nurabi

Poktabina Langonbi

Amuk thongba tarana

Numidang chara oijabi

Numidang thongba tarana

Ayukki chindamchayom oijabi

Enung nongna ngandringei

Namu mikup londringei

Singja Langubu pausibirey

Kabui chadi nurabi

Ayuk yenda mangdagi

Korou singja langubi

Humangi leirik kangdringei

Loimom fousu takpirey

Ho takpirey (3)

Loimom fousubi

Awa meisa loidrinei poktabi mamana

Pamlou yallubu takprey

Tara chajik charaga

Khalei yotpu paiduna

Kabui chadi nurabi

Pothabadi yaodana

Pamlou tannabu lakcharey

Kabui chadi nurabi

Awa meisa langbada

Khangamdrabi leirangdo

Khutagi yotlei thadokle

Kourou nongdol thaja yeng

Palem mamabu kouduna

Hikna hikna kapchakhido

Laibak thibi nujado

Kegey maikei yengduna

Chingu thagonnarak-ee

Hikna kikna kaptuna

Korou meisa langbada

Ching-uu ebungo

Ha moirangi thangjing

Nahakti chanbi heiba mapuni

Pamel madi khangammi

Ningthem ulen nangbada

Pamen urai tadedo

Pamen madi enga kumdamlakpada

Engen khumkharrakpada pamel madi

Wai maktabu haidedo awa meisa khangamdana

Pamel laktabu tinjage chinguba nangna

Kubiyu asi wadi haiduna tentha chingoinaramlaga

Maramna lamlen lamnungsi

Kegey Moirangsu lamkonnung

Thambal Nongsa loukonnung

Yengtra nonghun lou

Fibun ngairongching

Sareng chingibu chingmeine

Thangjing lamlon awangba

Loibi thaktabu karakle

Awabani Laibik thibi nujado

Kabui chadi nurabi

Loibi thakta leptuna

Khoiyum Thangjing thagonna

Awa meisa khangamba

Nungairakta chonthorakleda

Nura mana paithei haibagiPaitha lamjao thonneiyei

Lemna mangba yadedo

Singen oina saiyonle

Sajibu laiyen taibada

Koina leihun tambada

Singen leisat tamlakle

Hada leirang leinungsi

Awang Koubru Lokchinkol

Hembanabu lalum khun

Huirei Ngangbi Chingnungkok

Thoudu nandaba khundana panbabu leirangni

Maronniba londreba

Makhunidabu khundreiba

Haoba Khongjaibningthouba

Tolongkhomba koubana

Khutta singjang paidunaUrai hanna, hangdrei chanduna

Pamel singja langbada

Leirang mabu yaoba lei

Leirang mawu tabana

Pamel ujao manba lei

Leirangi leina tabana

Kaoren khongu manbi lei

Leirang mana pomlingei

Nuragi khutsa manbi lei

Leirang fugaina satlaga

Lupai nachom manbi lei

Leirangna satpa ubada

Moirangi yaifaba

Thiyam Chaobagi mammomloi

Kumjalembi ebemma

Loibi chingda kaduna

Singen wana hekcharey

Nungsidako etaroi

Singen nangbu heklaga

Nungsi mapau ngaibada

Leirang maiyyok oijagey

Sanjenthongi thongyaida

Nura kumjarembina

Leirang khutta paiduna

Mathanglen Pumnao tabasu

Ngaingam leiniko leinungsi

Hada leirang itaroi

Panthousingna sonnaba

Loibi chanura amana

Saiyonbini haineiko

Singen kolloi thonduna

Loibi chingi lokmangda

Malang Cheiroinaduna

Yendou nangbu manglagadra

Ngasi Kunjalembi eihakna

Loibi chanurana saiyonba eta nangbu

Chingdagi mingthang khara lou

Loibi Chanuragi mingthang khara lou

Leirang nangi namingdu

Loibi Chingthrao thollamgeyko etaroi
|}}
| {{Quote|
The lass of Kabui Tribe

Guardianed by the woman who bore her not

The morning-cooked rice, cold and old

Would be for her the night meal

The old food of the day gone

It’d be packed and bound for her day-meal

Well before the day breaks

When the village folks are fast asleep

Out in the forest was she sent to gather fire-woods

The lass of Kabui Tribe

Who before day-break

Brought home fire-woods

Well ere the sweat-beads on her fair face did dry

Was she told to do the pounding of all the rice

Ho … she was told (3)

Well ere the weariness and the anguish ends the mother who bore her not

Tasked the lass to slash at the Jhum field

Eating the life-giving food

Iron spade in her hands

The lass of Kabui Tribe

Knowing no rest

Out set she for the Zhum field

The lass of Kabui Tribe

Burning herself through the sufferings

The flower like maiden who could no longer bear

The iron spade slipped away from her hands

Skyward she raised her gaze at the moon

Calling aloud to her mother

She wailed in utter distress

The ill-fated lass

Then turning herself towards Kege

Prayed to the Lord

Crying her heart out.

Agonized by the days unbearable

To the Lord

Haa … Thangjing of Moirang

The kind-hearted master that you are!

The tall trees could bear

The frost of the winter

Could bother it not

Whilst the Early Monsoon makes up the fate of the floral lives that season

And the Later Monsoons hands out the fate of the floral lives that season

Said the mighty trees not a word of weariness

Resilient and bearing

Make me one among them Lord

Kindly do oblige, saying these words

Wailing aloud she said

Beloved native land of hers

The fields of Kege-Moirang

The fields of Thambal-Nongsha slopes

The Nonghu meadows beheld

The Fibun Ngaroi Hills

The place where Sareng Hill ends.

The Thangjing Highlands

Upward on the mountain she climbed

Woefully the ill-fated maiden

With prayers to Lord Thangjing in her heart

The agony she had been bearing.

Downward she jumped unto the rocks

That the maiden flew down, the place

Was hence named Paitha meadows

In vain could she not perish

Hence reincarnated the lass as a Flower on the trees

And when winter cold ends

The buds do spring

The one blossom on the trees too appeared

Oh! Ye beloved Flower

At North Koubru where the

The village of Hemban Lalum Khun

The Peak Hurei Nganbi

There seated aloft the boulders unsmooth these blossoms

Of different tongue spoken

Of different village lived

The Chief of Khongjai Tribe

Tollongkhomba was his name

Axe in hand Cut and bound trees

Gathering Firewood

In the bundle … the flowers … the wood was bounded too

Looking at the Trunk

She seems a tree mighty and told

Looking at the petals

She resembles the cattle’s footprints

Looking at the bud

She looks like maiden’s finger

And when she fully blooms

She becomes the intricate silver flower bunch worn at beauty’s ears

Seeing the flowers in full bloom

The prosperous of Moirang

Thiyam Chaoba whose daughter

The fair maiden Kunjalembi

Atop the mountain she went

Ventured the tiresome climb and dearly did pluck

Beloved companion

Holding you in my hands

When I wait for words from my suitor

You be for me the one to stand with

Amid the wooden bridge stood she

Fair maiden Kunjalembi

Flower in hand

In wait of her suitor Pungnao Taba

Beloved flower did accompany her

Haada flower beloved friend of mine

The village fathers did say

Of a highland lass

Become you are.

Lovely flower unnamed

Afront the mountain waterfalls

Blown ajar by the wind

Fear that you might lose your way

This day, I Kunjalembi

Oh beloved friend – reincarnated by a lass of the hills

Deriving a little from ‘Ching’

I give to you my dear

Your name ‘Loibi Chingthrao’.
|}}
|}

== In popular culture ==
* In the session of 2018-19, the ''Chingu Thangjing Women's Cultural Organization'' produced a {{langnf|mni|[[Shumang Kumhei]]|Courtyard Theatre}} named "Kumjalembi", for which the "Grants Committee to the Cultural Institutions of North-East States" recommended to {{langnf|en|The National Academy of Music, Dance and Drama|[[Sangeet Natak Akademi]]}} for a grant of {{INRConvert|40,000|year=2018}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2018-19 SANGEET NATAK AKADEMI ANNUAL REPORT |url=https://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/public/uploads/reports/164275839545378.pdf |website=[[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] |page=121}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Animals in Meitei culture]]
* [[Women in Meitei culture]]
* [[Keibu Keioiba]] and [[Thabaton]]
* [[Haosi Namoinu]] in the [[Khongjomnubi Nonggarol]]
* [[Lai Khutsangbi]]
* [[Loktak Ima]]
* [[Sandrembi and Chaisra]]
* [[Uchek Langmeitong]]
* [[Yenakha Paotapi]]

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Wahengbam Ibohal |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.463276 |title=The History Of Manipur}}
* {{Cite book |last=SINGH |first=SURESH |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12518 |title=THE PRINCE AND THE ROSE |date=1986 |publisher=LAKSHMIPRIYA DEVI, IMPHAL}}
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Portal bar|Animals|Arts|Asia|Crime|Culture|Feminism|Folklore|India|Literature|Music|Mythology|Religion|Women}}
{{Meitei people}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:13th century in art]]
[[Category:13th century in Asia]]
[[Category:Big cat attack victims]]
[[Category:Deaths due to tiger attacks]]
[[Category:Meitei folklore]]
[[Category:Meitei mythology]]

Kumcha Lempi - Revision history

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article