Kroni - Revision history

KathieMuriel714: refine page after review as per guidelines

2026-01-17T09:22:42Z

refine page after review as per guidelines

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			{{Short description\|Figure in Ayyavazhi mythology}}
			{{morefootnotes\|date=December 2022}}
	{{Religion of Ayyavazhi}}		{{Religion of Ayyavazhi}}
	'''Kroni''' ({{~~lang-~~ta\|குறோணி}}) is a figure in [[Ayyavazhi mythology]]. He is the primordial manifestation of [[evil]], and manifests in various forms of evil, such as [[Ravana]] and [[Duryodhana]], in different ages or [[yugas]]. To counteract and destroy the evil of Kroni's manifestations, [[Narayana\|Mayon]] (a [[Tamil language\|Tamil]] name for [[Vishnu]]) incarnates as [[Avatar]]s such as [[Rama]] and [[Krishna]]. He seems to be more evil than the demon [[Kali (Demon)\|Kali]] of the [[Mahabharata]] and [[Kalki Purana]] sharing similarities with [[Lucifer]].		'''Kroni''' ({{langx\|ta\|குறோணி}}) is a figure in [[Ayyavazhi mythology]]. He is the primordial manifestation of [[evil]], and manifests in various forms of evil, such as [[Ravana]] and [[Duryodhana]], in different ages or [[yugas]]. To counteract and destroy the evil of Kroni's manifestations, [[Narayana\|Mayon]] (a [[Tamil language\|Tamil]] name for [[Vishnu]]) incarnates as [[Avatar]]s such as [[Rama]] and [[Krishna]]. He seems to be more evil than the demon [[Kali (Demon)\|Kali]] of the [[Mahabharata]] and [[Kalki Purana]] sharing similarities with [[Lucifer]].

	==Kroni in the Akilathirattu Ammanai==		==Kroni in the Akilathirattu Ammanai==
	According to the [[Akilathirattu Ammanai]], the Ayyavazhi holy book, Kroni was born in the first of the [[Eight Yukams]] (Yuga (Sanskrit); Aeons ((English)) with multitudinous limbs each the size of a mountain, and was the first evil to be born in the Universe. He had a fire of ravenous hunger in his stomach, and he drank all the waters of the sea to quell it. When the water was insufficient, he then swallowed Kailayam (Kailash), the abode of [[Shiva]], and then proceeded to devour the entire Universe. Mayon, residing with Shiva in Kailayam, escaped promptly and undertook a [[Tavam]] (''Tapas'' in Sanskrit, ''Penance'' in English) to get help from Shiva to destroy Kroni. Shiva granted the help, but made Mayon aware of the necessity of appearing in different forms for the successive six yukams in order to destroy the six fragments of Kroni. Being aware of the mission, Mayon sliced Kroni into six fragments and saved the Universe, and with that event the first Yukam ended.		According to the [[Akilathirattu Ammanai]], the Ayyavazhi holy book, Kroni was born in the first of the [[Eight Yukams]] (Yuga (Sanskrit); Aeons (English)) with multitudinous limbs each the size of a mountain, and was the first evil to be born in the Universe. He had a fire of ravenous hunger in his stomach, and he drank all the waters of the sea to quell it. When the water was insufficient, he then swallowed Kailayam (Kailash), the abode of [[Shiva]], and then proceeded to devour the entire Universe. Mayon, residing with Shiva in Kailayam, escaped promptly and undertook a [[Tavam]] (''Tapas'' in Sanskrit, ''Penance'' in English) to get help from Shiva to destroy Kroni. Shiva granted the help, but made Mayon aware of the necessity of appearing in different forms for the successive six yukams in order to destroy the six fragments of Kroni. Being aware of the mission, Mayon sliced Kroni into six fragments and saved the Universe, and with that event the first Yukam ended.

	==Fragments of Kroni==		==Fragments of Kroni==
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	{\| class="wikitable" style="margin: 3 auto;" align="center"		{\| class="wikitable" style="margin: 3 auto;" align="center"
	\|+ AVATARS AND ASURAS THROUGH THE YUGAS <!-- if required -->		\|+ AVATARS AND ASURAS THROUGH THE YUGAS <!-- if required -->
	! ~~style="background: #ccc;"\|~~NO		! NO
	! ~~style="background: #ccc;"\|~~[[Yugas\|YUGA]]		! [[Yugas\|YUGA]]
	! ~~style="background: #ccc;"\|~~[[Chakras\|CHAKRA*]]<ref>Ari Sundara Mani's, Akilathirattu Ammanai Parayana Urai, 2002.</ref>		! [[Chakras\|CHAKRA*]]<ref>Ari Sundara Mani's, Akilathirattu Ammanai Parayana Urai, 2002.</ref>
	! ~~style="background: #ccc;"\|~~[[ASURA]]S		! [[ASURA]]S
	! ~~style="background: #ccc;"\|~~[[Avatar]]		! [[Avatar]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| '''[[Neetiya Yuga]]'''		\| '''[[Neetiya Yuga]]'''
	\| ''[[Bindu (symbol)\|Bindu]]''		\| ''[[Bindu (symbol)\|Bindu]]''
	\| ''[[Kroni]]''		\| ''Kroni''
	\| ''[[Vishnu\|Narayana]]''		\| ''[[Vishnu\|Narayana]]''
	\|-		\|-
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	\|-		\|-
	\| 3		\| 3
	\| '''[[Netu Yukam]]'''		\| '''Netu Yukam'''
	\| ''[[Swadhisthana]]''		\| ''[[Swadhisthana]]''
	\| ''[[Thillai mallalan]]'' and ''[[Mallosivahanan]]''		\| ''[[Thillai mallalan]]'' and ''[[Mallosivahanan]]''
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	[[Category:Ayyavazhi philosophical concepts]]		[[Category:Ayyavazhi philosophical concepts]]
	[[Category:Destroyer gods]]		[[Category:Destroyer gods]]
			[[Category:Evil gods]]

>Jroberson108: /* Philosophical view */ Use spelling from linked page.

2020-07-23T17:51:13Z

Philosophical view: Use spelling from linked page.

New page

{{Religion of Ayyavazhi}}
'''Kroni''' ({{lang-ta|குறோணி}}) is a figure in [[Ayyavazhi mythology]]. He is the primordial manifestation of [[evil]], and manifests in various forms of evil, such as [[Ravana]] and [[Duryodhana]], in different ages or [[yugas]]. To counteract and destroy the evil of Kroni's manifestations, [[Narayana|Mayon]] (a [[Tamil language|Tamil]] name for [[Vishnu]]) incarnates as [[Avatar]]s such as [[Rama]] and [[Krishna]]. He seems to be more evil than the demon [[Kali (Demon)|Kali]] of the [[Mahabharata]] and [[Kalki Purana]] sharing similarities with [[Lucifer]].

==Kroni in the Akilathirattu Ammanai==
According to the [[Akilathirattu Ammanai]], the Ayyavazhi holy book, Kroni was born in the first of the [[Eight Yukams]] (Yuga (Sanskrit); Aeons ((English)) with multitudinous limbs each the size of a mountain, and was the first evil to be born in the Universe. He had a fire of ravenous hunger in his stomach, and he drank all the waters of the sea to quell it. When the water was insufficient, he then swallowed Kailayam (Kailash), the abode of [[Shiva]], and then proceeded to devour the entire Universe. Mayon, residing with Shiva in Kailayam, escaped promptly and undertook a [[Tavam]] (''Tapas'' in Sanskrit, ''Penance'' in English) to get help from Shiva to destroy Kroni. Shiva granted the help, but made Mayon aware of the necessity of appearing in different forms for the successive six yukams in order to destroy the six fragments of Kroni. Being aware of the mission, Mayon sliced Kroni into six fragments and saved the Universe, and with that event the first Yukam ended.

==Fragments of Kroni==
The six fragments of Kroni were then born as evil spirits (or [[Asuras]]) in six successive Yukams (aeons). In all the yukams Mayon had to incarnate in the world to destroy the evils. The six fragments were known as

#[[Kuntomasali]]
#[[Thillaimallalan]] and [[Mallosivakanan]]
#[[Suraparppan]] [[Sinkamukasuran]] and [[Iraniyan]]
#[[Ravanan]]
#[[Thuriyothanan]] and the Ninety-nine Brothers
#[[Kaliyan]]

Kroni, the spirit of [[Kali Yuga]], is said to be omnipresent in the present age, and this is one of the reasons why followers of Ayya Vazhi, like other Hindus, believe that the current yuga, [[Kali Yuga]], is so degraded.

== Philosophical view ==

Philosophically, Kroni is viewed as the [[evil]] which prevents the [[soul]] from attaining absolute bliss or knowledge. The six fragments are considered to be six evils found in the six chakras except [[Sahasrara]] of the physical [[human body]]. It is stated that every human being should overcome the qualities of the six fragments (ill effects) in order to attain divinity ([[Sahasrara]]), the state of union with [[God]].

But this view is often criticised by some followers because the [[Akilam]] did not mention Kroni in direct relation to [[Chakras]]. As some believe that many philosophical concepts are symbolised indirectly as [[mythical figures]] in a story form in [[Akilam]], this view on Kroni is accepted during religious studies.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 3 auto;" align="center"
|+ AVATARS AND ASURAS THROUGH THE YUGAS 
! style="background: #ccc;"|NO
! style="background: #ccc;"|[[Yugas|YUGA]]
! style="background: #ccc;"|[[Chakras|CHAKRA*]]<ref>Ari Sundara Mani's, Akilathirattu Ammanai Parayana Urai, 2002.</ref>
! style="background: #ccc;"|[[ASURA]]S
! style="background: #ccc;"|[[Avatar]]
|-
| 1
| '''[[Neetiya Yuga]]'''
| ''[[Bindu (symbol)|Bindu]]''
| ''[[Kroni]]''
| ''[[Vishnu|Narayana]]''
|-
| 2
| '''[[Chathura Yukam]]'''
| ''[[Muladhara]]''
| ''[[Kundomasali]]''
| ''[[Vishnu|Mayon]]''
|-
| 3
| '''[[Netu Yukam]]'''
| ''[[Swadhisthana]]''
| ''[[Thillai mallalan]]'' and ''[[Mallosivahanan]]''
| ''[[Vishnu|Thirumal]]''
|-
| 4
| '''[[Kretha Yukam|Kretha Yuga]]'''
| ''[[Manipura]]''
| ''[[Surapadman]]'' and ''[[Iraniyan]]''
| ''[[Muruga]]'' and ''[[Narasimha]]''
|-
| 5
| '''[[Treta Yuga]]'''
| ''[[Anahata]]''
| ''[[Ravana]]''
| ''[[Rama]]''
|-
| 6
| '''[[Dvapara Yuga]]'''
| ''[[Vishuddha]]''
| ''[[Duryodhana]]''
| ''[[Krishna]]''
|-
| 7
| '''[[Kali Yuga]]'''
| ''[[Ajna]]''
| ''[[Kaliyan]]''
|[[Ayya Vaikundar|Vaikundar]]
|-
| 8
| '''[[Dharma Yukam|Dharma Yuga]]'''
| ''[[Sahasrara]]''
|
|[[Vishnu|Narayana]]
|}

::::<small>* Chakras :- The yugas assumed as chakras above, is one of the philosophical views and is not mentioned directly in Akilathirattu.</small>

==See also==
*[[List of Ayyavazhi-related articles]]
*[[Ayyavazhi mythology]]
*[[Kaliyan]]
*[[Kali (demon)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* G. Patrick, ''Religion and Subaltern Agency'', University of Madras, 2003
* Ari Sundara Mani, ''Akilathirattu Ammanai Parayana Urai'', Vaikundar Thirukkudumbam Publications, 2002.

{{Ayyavazhi large}}

[[Category:Ayyavazhi mythology]]
[[Category:Demons]]
[[Category:Ayyavazhi philosophical concepts]]
[[Category:Destroyer gods]]