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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Krishnalal Shridharani
| image = KrishnalalShridharaniPic.jpg
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = gu
| pseudonym =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1911|9|16}}
| birth_place =[[Bhavnagar district#Administrative divisions|Umrala]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]
| death_date ={{Death date and age|df=y|1960|7|23|1911|9|16}}
| death_place = [[Delhi]], India
| occupation = Poet, playwright, journalist
| language = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
| nationality = [[India]]n
| education = PhD
| alma_mater =
| period =
| genres =
| subjects =
| movement =
| notableworks =''War Without Violence'' (1939)
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Sundari K. Shridharani]]<br>|1911}}
| children =
| relatives =
| awards = [[Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]] (1958)
| signature =
| years_active =
}}

'''Krishnalal Shridharani''' (16 September 1911 – 23 July 1960) was an Indian poet, playwright and journalist. He studied sociology, economics and journalism at various institutions in India and the US. He participated in the [[Indian independence movement]] and was imprisoned, during which time he started writing plays and poetry. He also wrote many non-fiction books in English.

==Life ==
Shridharani was born in Umrala near [[Bhavnagar]] on 16 September 1911. He spent his childhood in [[Junagadh]].<ref name="Lal1992">{{cite book|author=Mohan Lal|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: sasay to zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4079|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|page=4079}}</ref><ref name=gsp>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujaratisahityaparishad.com/prakashan/photo-gallery/sahitya-sarjako/Krushnalal-Shridhrani.html|publisher=[[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]|access-date =29 August 2014|language =Gujarati |title=Krishnalal Shridharani}}</ref> He completed his primary education in Umrala and secondary education from Dakshinamurti Vinay Mandir, Bhavnagar.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He joined [[Gujarat Vidyapith]] in 1929 and participated as a young man in the [[Dandi March]] of 1930.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He was arrested near Karadi when he was going for [[Dharasana Satyagraha]].<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He spent some time in Sabarmati and Nasik jails.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He joined [[Shantiniketan]] ([[Visva-Bharati University]]) in 1931 and completed his graduation in 1933.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> In 1934, he went to US for further studies on the advice of James Pratt and [[Rabindranath Tagore]],<ref name="Biswas2008">{{cite book|author=Paromita Biswas|title=Colonial Displacements: Nationalist Longing and Identity Among Early Indian Intellectuals in the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jrrV1iT7fJYC&pg=PA31|year=2008|isbn=978-1-109-02248-3|page=31}}</ref> which made a lasting impression on his attitude.<ref name="Shukla2003">{{cite book|author=Sandhya Rajendra Shukla|title=India Abroad: Diasporic Cultures of Postwar America and England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_7CgVnNG9J4C&pg=PA137|year=2003|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0-691-09267-2|pages=137–141}}</ref> He completed Masters in Sociology and Economics from [[New York University]] in 1935.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He completed MS in 1936 and PhD in 1940 from [[Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism]].<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/>

He started writing for ''[[Amrita Bazar Patrika]]'' in 1945 and returned to India in 1946.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He worked with the Ministry of External Affairs for some time.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He married [[Sundari K. Shridharani|Sundari]], a dancer and performing artist.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He presided over the history and economics department of [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]] in 1946.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/> He died following heart attack in Delhi on 23 July 1960.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/>

His book which analyses Gandhian philosophy and tactics of nonviolence, ''War Without Violence'' (1939), influenced the members and strategies of the [[Congress of Racial Equality]], and was widely circulated by African-American leaders during the U.S. [[civil rights movement]].<ref name="Hardiman2003">{{cite book|author=David Hardiman|author-link=David Hardiman|title=Gandhi in His Time and Ours: The Global Legacy of His Ideas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y1BMOHA2D7AC&pg=PA256|year=2003|publisher=C. Hurst & Co. Publishers|isbn=978-1-85065-712-5|page=256}}</ref><ref name="Horne2009">{{cite book|author=Gerald Horne|author-link=Gerald Horne|title=The End of Empires: African Americans and India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6so3dLJNfRwC&pg=PA123|date=28 September 2009|publisher=Temple University Press|isbn=978-1-59213-900-2|pages=123–}}</ref><ref name="Mollin2011">{{cite book|author=Marian Mollin|title=Radical Pacifism in Modern America: Egalitarianism and Protest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJNLd8ZXwKYC&pg=PA22|date=1 January 2011|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-0282-3|page=22}}</ref> It was studied by [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] during the [[Montgomery bus boycott]].<ref name="KingCarter2009">{{cite book|author1=Mary Elizabeth King|author2=Mary King, Jimmy Carter|title=A Quiet Revolution: The First Palestinian Intifada and Nonviolent Resistance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5dmy-mWlcsC&pg=PA23|date=4 March 2009|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-7867-3326-2|page=23}}</ref>

==Works==
He wrote total sixteen plays.
He wrote ''Vadlo'' (1931), a children's play, during his imprisonment during Dandi March. ''Peela Palash'' (1934), ''Piya Gori'', ''Dusku'', ''Dungali no Dado'', ''Sonpari'', ''Vijali'', ''Vrushal'', ''Mor na Inda'' are his other plays. ''Padmini'' is a historical play.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/>

In 1934, his first poetry collection ''Kodiya'' was published, followed by ''Punarapi'' in 1961. ''Insan Mita Doonga'' is a short story based on his experiences with inmates during imprisonment.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/>

His original works in English include ''My India, My America'' (1941) which is about his experiences during his life in the US.<ref name="Shukla2003"/> His book ''War without Violence'' had a great impact on the American civil rights movement.<ref name="Horne2009"/> Others are ''Warning to the West'' (1943), ''The Big Four of India'' (1941), ''The Adventures of the Upside-Down Tree'' (1959), ''Story of The Indian Telegraph'' (1953), ''The Journalist in India'' (1956), ''Smiles From Kashmir'' (1959) and ''The Mahatma and the World'' ( 1946). He contributed in several journals and newspapers including ''[[The New York Times]]'' and ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]''.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/>

==Awards==
He was awarded the [[Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]] in 1958.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=gsp/>
==See also==
* [[List of Gujarati-language writers]]

==References ==
{{reflist}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shridharani, Krishnalal}}
[[Category:1911 births]]
[[Category:1960 deaths]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language poets]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian male journalists]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:People from Bhavnagar district]]
[[Category:Visva-Bharati University alumni]]
[[Category:New York University alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Poets from Gujarat]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]]
[[Category:Journalists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Gujarat]]

Krishnalal Shridharani - Revision history

imported>Citation bot: Alter: isbn. Removed parameters. Upgrade ISBN10 to ISBN13. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:20th-century Indian poets‎ | via #UCB_Category 6/1078