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{{Infobox weapon
| name = Kavach
| image = INS Chennai launching a Kavach Rocket from the Kavach Chaff Rocket Launcher manufactured by the Ordnance Factory Board.jpg
| image_size = 300
| alt =
| caption = [[INS Chennai (D65)|INS ''Chennai'' (D65)]] launching a Kavach rocket.
| type = [[Chaff (countermeasure)|Decoy system]]
| origin = [[India]]

| is_missile = yes
| is_UK = yes

| service = May 2012−present
| used_by = {{navy|India}}
| wars =

| designer = [[Ordnance Factory Board]]
| design_date =
| manufacturer = Machine Tool Prototype Factory, Ambernath for Rocket launcher and Ammunition Factory Khadki for rockets
| unit_cost = {{INR}}6–7 lakh<ref name="IndExpKavach20120525" />
| production_date = 2012−present
| number = 4,000+<ref name="IndExpKavach20120525" />
| variants = Long Range, Medium Range, Short Range

| spec_label =
| mass =
| length =
| part_length =
| width =
| height =
| diameter =

| armour =
| primary_armament =
| secondary_armament =
| engine =
| engine_power =
| pw_ratio =
| payload_capacity =
| drive =
| transmission =
| suspension =
| clearance =
| fuel_capacity =
| vehicle_range =
| speed =
| guidance =
| steering =

| wingspan =
| propellant =
| ceiling =
| altitude =
| boost =
| depth =
| accuracy =
| launch_platform =
| transport =

| ref =
}}
'''Kavach''' ({{lit|Armour}}) is an [[anti-missile]] naval [[Chaff (countermeasure)|decoy system]] to distract radar-guided [[missile]]s from their targets and act as a system for self-defence. It was designed and developed by the [[Ordnance Factory Board]] for the [[Indian Navy]].

== Development ==
The [[Indian Navy]] previously procured [[Chaff (countermeasure)|chaff]] rocket systems from the [[Soviet Union]]. Supplies came to a halt following the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] in the early 1990s. The [[Ordnance Factory Board]] (OFB) took up the challenge to design and develop a chaff rocket system to achieve self-reliance in this field.<ref name="IndExpKavach20120525">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-25 |title=AFK hands over indigenous RGB versions,Kavach system to Navy |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/afk-hands-over-indigenous-rgb-versions-kavach-system-to-navy/ |access-date=2022-03-13 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name="TOI">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2012 |title=Navy now has indigenous 'Kavach' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/navy-now-has-indigenous-kavach/articleshow/13460008.cms |access-date=2022-03-13 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> OFB Director General and Chairman, D.M. Gupta, stated in May 2011 that the company had created two [[Prototype|prototypes]], successfully conducted the first trial, and would conduct a second and final trial later that year before the system was inducted into the Navy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-05-21 |title=Kavach Rockets For Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/kavach-rockets-for-indian-navy-8025.html |access-date=2022-03-13 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Design ==
The Kavach decoy system releases chaff made up of [[silver]] coated [[glass fiber]]. The chaff forms a clutter which remains suspended in the air, causing the incoming radar-guided missile to mistake the chaff for the actual target, and get [[Radar lock-on|locked]] onto the chaff instead of the actual target.<ref name="TOI" /> Each Kavach rocket costs around {{INRConvert|6|l}}–{{INRConvert|7|l}}.<ref name="IndExpKavach20120525" />

The Kavach system has chaff rockets of three different versions based on the range:<ref name = "TOI"/>
* Long Range: {{convert|12|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* Medium Range: {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* Short Range: {{convert|1|km|mi|abbr=on}}
These versions are fired in different situations based on incoming threats.<ref name="TOI" />

== Production ==
The first batch of Kavach rockets were formally handed over to the Navy on 25 May 2012 by the Ammunition Factory Khadki (AFK), [[Pune]] which manufactures the rockets,<ref name="TOI" /> while the rocket launchers are manufactured at the Machine Tool Prototype Factory (MTPF), [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ofbindia.gov.in/units/index.php?unit=mpf&page=products&lang=en |title=Indian Ordnance Factories: Machine Tool Prototype Factory |access-date=2019-07-01 |archive-date=2011-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622035738/http://ofbindia.gov.in/units/index.php?unit=mpf&page=products&lang=en |url-status=dead }}</ref>

AFK was contracted to deliver around 4,000 Kavach variants to the Indian Navy by 2015.<ref name="IndExpKavach20120525" /><ref name="NavTechKavach20120525">{{cite web | title=Indian Navy receives RGBs and Kavach decoy systems | url=http://www.naval-technology.com/news/newsindian-navy-receives-rgbs-kavach-decoy-systems | publisher=Naval Technology Market and Customer Insight | date=28 May 2012 | accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref>

==Operators==
The first ship to be equipped with Kavach was the [[Anti-submarine warfare|anti-submarine]] [[corvette]] [[INS Kamorta (P28)|INS ''Kamorta'' (P28)]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Navy to get first indigenous anti-submarine warship, INS Kamorta tomorrow |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/navy-to-get-first-indigenous-anti-submarine-warship-ins-kamorta-tomorrow/articleshow/38219174.cms |access-date=2022-03-13}}</ref> Ship classes fitted with Kavach include:

*{{navy|India}}
**[[Kamorta-class corvette|Kamorta-class corvettes]]
**[[Kolkata-class destroyer]]s
**[[Shivalik-class frigate]]s
**[[Visakhapatnam-class destroyer]]s

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Weapons countermeasures]]
[[Category:Indian Navy]]

{{weapon-stub}}

Kavach (anti-missile system) - Revision history

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